KESS and Its Legacies

Transcription

1 KESS and Its Legacies Report to US CLIVAR 18 July 2012 Meghan Cronin (NOAA PMEL) KESS objec ves & field program Best Prac ces h p://uskess.org A few highlights from KESS research Ac vi es since KESS 1

2 KESS Objec ves The overall goal of KESS is to identify and quantify the dynamic and thermodynamic processes governing the variability of and the interaction between the Kuroshio Extension and the recirculation gyres: To understand processes coupling the baroclinic and barotropic circulation and variability To determine and quantify cross-frontal exchange processes in the Kuroshio Extension To determine the processes that govern the strength and structure of the recirculation gyres its position, elongation, stratification, and subtropical mode water formation within the gyres 2

3 KESS Observa ons May 2004 June 2006 subsurface current meter and profiler moorings current & pressure recording inverted echo sounders (CPIES) profiling Argo floats meteorological buoy (KEO) atmospheric soundings underway ADCP hydrography satellite altimetry 1/10 POP model 3

4 4

5 5

6 KESS Profiler Mooring Observa ons Time- average over KESS period of current meter records, overlaid with average sea surface height contours. (Jayne, et al., Deep- Sea Research I, 2009) 6 Provided by S. Jayne (WHOI)

7 Velocity Sec on a 5 ;$(.#%<=*',%-$#%.$ b?55!"#$%& '((#)*+%"$,%-$#%.$ >$<"=,9&:? / '7##$+",@<$$),9'&,@? : SSH contour used as proxy for the Kuroshio Extension jet axis c d!"#$%&87+'"*(+,9!-: !"#$%&87+'"*(+,9!-: // /0 /1 /2 /3 6%"*"7)$ // /0 /1 /2 /3 6%"*"7)$ 7 Provided by S. Jayne (WHOI)

8 Example of external eddy triggering growth anomalies 144 E 148 E unfiltered 38 N 36 N 34 N 32 N 30 N d 30 SEP 2004 c OCT Tracey et al. JPO 2012 d c d 14 OCT 2004 c OCT 2004 d c OCT 2004 d c 301 Along path distance (km) upper (m) c d d km c d km 400 km Days since Jan 2004 Upper meanders (trough c, black contours; crest d, gray contours) propagate downstream along the jet. Deep eddies (highs: red; lows: blue) propagate NNE- SSW across the jet Growth occurs from interac on with pre- exis ng deep eddies if they encounter each other with the deep offset 1/6-1/4 wavelength ahead of the upper meander. Provided by R. Wa s and K. Donohue (URI/GSO) 5300 (m) 8

9 Bond et al. JGR 2011: Upper- ocean response to typhoon Choi- Wan as measured by the Kuroshio Extension Observatory (KEO) mooring. Impulsive winds generated NIOs. Iner al pumping caused heaving for at least a week down to nearly 500m. 9 Provided by M. Cronin (NOAA PMEL)

10 Cronin et al. DSR II In Press: Forma on and erosion of the seasonal thermocline in the Kuroshio Extension recircula on gyre. + Diffusivity at base of Mixed Layer (weak advec ve periods) Error 10 Provided by M. Cronin (NOAA PMEL)

11 Subtropical Mode Water KEO (surface) and KESS-7 (subsurface) moorings Map of STMW thickness from Argo and KESS floats &/+*+,-. 1# 1" 0# )*+$, 0"!!"#$%$!"&&'( %"" %# #" )*+$, $#" $"" 5678!+9*:;(.<< %" " KEO sensors Temperature $#! $%" $0" $1" $#" $2" &'()*+,-. $3" $4" Moored profiler STMW 18 C 16 C T [ C] Potential vorticity STMW: Q = f σ θ ρ z < m -1 s -1 STMW Provided by L. Rainville (APL/UW) Q [ m -1 s -1 ]

12 North&Pacific&Subtropical&Mode&Water& Masuzawa&(1969)& QuasiGdecadal&variability&of&NPSTMW&volume:& volume&min&toward&the&end&of&each&decade,& at&the&?me&of&&pdo&phase&shiq&(from&warm&to&cool)& (e.g.&davis&et&al.,&2011)& &&&&&&&&&Observa?ons:&Argo&floats& EddyGresolving&(0.1 )&POP&model&results& 12 Provided by I. Cerovecki (Scripps)

13 Atmospheric Sounding Probes Ocean's Effect on Climate Y. Tanimoto (2009, J Climate) KESS R/V Roger Revelle Cold cross-frontal advection under northerly winds T Td SST Stratus cloud with an elevated base capped by a primary inversion Warm advection under the southerlies 6/17 7/17/05 Fog capped by a surface inversion Provided by S.- P. Xie 13

14 US CLIVAR WBC Working Group Troposphere/ stratosphere heat Winter monsoon/ Oyashio Summer monsoon/kuroshio Hot- Spot: A new Japanese Air- Sea Interac on Exp t Lead PI: H. Nakamura NOAA KEO JKEO NSF Kuroshio Extension System Study (KESS) JAMSTEC- KEO HotSpot KEO KEO S1 mid- jet Hot- Spot KEO JAMSTEC S1 Biogeochemical mooring 14

15 In 2014: Mode water Ventilation Experiment (MoVE) Lead PI: Shang-Ping Xie (with funding from China) S1 Hachijo Enhanced Argo array of 20 floats +Radiosonde & ceilometer Japan buoys PMEL buoy CTD, atmos sounding ARGO float 15

16 16