Modeling of the sea ice and the ocean in the Nares Strait
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1 Danish Meteorological Institute Modeling of the sea ice and the ocean in the Nares Strait Till Andreas Soya Rasmussen 1 Eigil Kaas 2 Nicolai Kliem 1 1/ Danish Meteorological Institute 2/ University of Copenhagen February 8th, 2011
2 Outline Purpose, motivation and setup Ice cover and flux North Water Polynya Ocean 8th of February Till Andreas Soya Rasmussen
3 Purpose, motivation and setup One step towards an update of the operational system at dmi Flow (ocean and ice) through the Nares Strait limited described by models Challenging area for models One of the main sources for export of sea ice and fresh water from the Arctic Main focus of this talk is a validation with a 3 year hindcast Purpose 8th of February Till Andreas Soya Rasmussen
4 Purpose, motivation and setup Grid size 4-10 km 110x180x22 grid points Minimum 8 grid points across the strait Flow of sea ice and water is generally towards south Local winds are important Domain 8th of February Till Andreas Soya Rasmussen
5 Purpose, motivation and setup Overview Coupled model HYCOM: hybrid vertical Layered ocean model CICE: dynamic (EVP) and thermodynamic sea ice model Lateral boundary conditions: Salt Temperature Currents (baroclinic and barotropic) Barotropic pressure Sea ice volume and energy Bathymetry: Etopo 1 8th of February Till Andreas Soya Rasmussen
6 Model setup Simulation Purpose Hind cast Test of timing of events and validation of model setup Lateral boundary 15km HYCOM+EVP sea ice (Nansen center) Atmospheric forcing HIRLAM 5km Period September 2005 August th of February Till Andreas Soya Rasmussen
7 Sea ice cover and flux Variation of the relative ice cover March 2006 August 2007 Full ice cover in winter Baffin Bay and Nares Strait ice free/ almost ice free 8th of February Till Andreas Soya Rasmussen
8 Sea ice flux and cover day drift averages Annual area ice Flux: 15 45x10 3 km 2 y -1 06/07: 80x10 3 km 2 y -1 Assumes 4m thick ice Source: Ron Kwok ( ) Ice flux satellite observations 8th of February Till Andreas Soya Rasmussen
9 Sea ice cover and flux Ice flux Area flux 10x 3 km 2 /year Volume flux Km 3 /year App. 80% of what is measured 8th of February Till Andreas Soya Rasmussen
10 Modeled sea ice cover compared to satellite images Sea ice cover and flux All L. S. N. S B. B. 8th of February Till Andreas Soya Rasmussen
11 North Water Polynya North Water Polynya Latent heat polynya: Sea ice is advected away from the coast and new ice is formed due to latent heat Inuit s know the place as a dangerous but great place to hunt Earlier spring bloom, large biological activty 8th of February Till Andreas Soya Rasmussen
12 North Water Polynya Early opening /13 model 2/13 satellite 8th of February Till Andreas Soya Rasmussen
13 Summer opening 2006 ice cover model (M) and satelite (S) North Water Polynya M 8/5 M 9/6 M 19/6 S 8/5 M 9/6 8th of February Till Andreas Soya Rasmussen
14 SST model (M) and satelite (s) jjsj M 9/6 M 19/6 M 29/6 S 19/6 S 29/6 8th of February Till Andreas Soya Rasmussen
15 North Water Polynya Summer opening 29/ Month Heat flux keeps polynya open No sign of upwelling C 8th of February Till Andreas Soya Rasmussen
16 Ocean T/S profiles Database source: Kliem and Greenberg (2003) 8th of February Till Andreas Soya Rasmussen
17 Ocean General ocean flow Ssh Gradient in the Nares Strait Current from Greenland and round General flow is southward 8th of February Till Andreas Soya Rasmussen
18 Ocean Ocean flux - hindcast Expected volume flux Sv Fresh water flux 25 msv (Münchow, Rabe + others) Volume Flux (Sv) Freshwate r flux (msv) , , ,3 29 8th of February Till Andreas Soya Rasmussen
19 Conclusions Conclusions General ice cover agrees reasonably well Modeled ice cover is slightly higher in winter and slightly lower in summer Large variation of the sea ice flux. Slightly less than measured by satellite images Volume ice flux is lower than expected due to too thin ice Ice flux is Connected to the formation of the ice bridge 8th of February Till Andreas Soya Rasmussen
20 Conclusions Conclusions Modeled ice bridge is not as stable as the observed North Water Polynya in February opens at the same time as the measurements Heat flux from the atmosphere keeps polynya open in summer Reasonable oceanic transport 8th of February Till Andreas Soya Rasmussen
21 Conclusions Thank you for your attention Questions? 8th of February Till Andreas Soya Rasmussen
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