Ground systems in support of space exploration for Ground Systems Architectures Workshop April 3, 2008

Transcription

1 Ground systems in support of space exploration for Ground Systems Architectures Workshop April 3, 2008 Charles Elachi, Director NASA 4/3/08 Elachi GSAW 1

2 Ground systems have supported space exploration for a half century 1958: Explorer 1 news conference at National Academy with William Pickering, James van Allen, and Werner von Braun

3 Where are we now? About 58 NASA robotic explorers, plus a number of international missions (some examples) Spitzer studying stars and galaxies in the infrared Ulysses studying the sun ESA Venus Express orbiting Venus ESA Rosetta to study comet in 2014 Hubble studying the universe Aqua studying Earth s oceans CALIPSO studying Earth s climate Rovers Spirit and Opportunity studying Mars Two Voyagers on an interstellar mission Aura studying Earth s atmosphere MESSENGER on its way to Mercury QuikScat,, Jason 1, CloudSat, and GRACE (plus ASTER, MISR, AIRS, MLS and TES instruments) monitoring Earth. Chandra studying the x-ray universe Japanese SELENE studying Earth s s moon ESA Mars Express orbiting Mars New Horizons on its way to Pluto

4 Now: A continuous robotic presence on and in orbit around Mars 2001 Mars Odyssey Spirit Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter Mars Express (ESA) Do not go where the path may lead, go instead where there is no path and leave a trail. Emerson. (Opportunity s tracks in Meridiani Planum) Opportunity

5 Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter zooms in on Opportunity at Victoria crater

6 Opportunity s reconnaissance of the cliffs of Victoria Crater

7 Magellan Venus radar data processed to show topography beneath clouds

8 Galileo catches sulfur volcano erupting on Jupiter s moon Io

9 Jupiter s ring and its halo from Galileo

10 Looking down on Saturn from Cassini orbiter (1 billion miles from Earth)

11 Backlit Saturn from Cassini orbiter Earth

12 Visions of Saturn s rings from Cassini orbiter (Colors indicate particle sizes)

13 Celestial art: Dione, rings and Saturn from Cassini orbiter

14 Saturn s spongy moon Hyperion from Cassini orbiter pia07740

15 Saturn s moon Phoebe from Cassini orbiter

16 Saturn s moon Enceledus with tiger stripe cracks in ice

17 Cassini flew within 50 km of Enceladus on March km 50 km

18 09034 Saturn s moon Titan from Cassini orbiter

19 Surface of Saturn s moon Titan from Huygens lander

20 Methane lakes on Saturn s moon Titan from Cassini orbiter radar (at 300 F) 09102

21 Water ice jets on Saturn s moon Enceladus from Cassini orbiter (At 300 F)

22 Ground software processes data from the most distant part of the universe Hubble Space Telescope deep field image

23 Spitzer views the star-forming Mountains of Creation GL4029 IRAC [3.6][4.5] IRAC image Lori Allen and the IRAC team AFGL402

24 A dying star from Spitzer Space Telescope

25 New ways to see a changing Earth with robotic remote sensing Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) provides monthly global temperature maps Jason provides global sea surface height maps every 10 days Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) provides monthly maps of Earth s gravity QuikSCAT provides near global (90%) ocean surface wind maps every 24 hours Multi-angle Imaging Spectro Radiometer (MISR) provides monthly global aerosol maps Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) provides monthly global maps of Ozone Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) provides daily maps of stratospheric chemistry CloudSat provides monthly maps of cloud ice water content

26 Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) image of Los Angeles (2000)

27 Ground Systems contribute to mission success during all mission life-cycle phases Mission formulation Mission design Spacecraft development Ion engine Ground System cost modeling Ground System engineering Environmental test Assembly Real-time mission operations Data processing, visualization and distribution Launch Integration and test Verification, validation, launch, and flight operations 4/3/08 Elachi GSAW 27 Ion Engine (DS-1)

28 Ground system implementation challenge for JPL missions Multiple one-of-a-kind missions each with unique challenges Common tracking, command, telemetry and data management services Flexible multi-mission operations infrastructure processes, procedures, teams and facilities System H/W, S/W, Mission Nets & Comm Management Mission Planning and Sequencing Navigation Analysis Engineering Analysis Science Analysis Archive Data Manageme nt Operations Product Generation Data Acquisition and Command S/C Adaptable multimission software systems for missionunique requirements Distributed ground system capabilities for science and engineering interoperability 4/3/08 Elachi GSAW 28

29 Predicted Energy Margin HGA :40:00 11:00:00 0:20:00 Eng Keepout/MTES 11:02 11:15 0:13 1 Comm Blip 11:04 11:09 0:05 Drive 11:15 11:45 0:30 1 visodom 11:45 13:15 1:30 1 Post drive imaging + Tau 13:15 14:00 0:45 1 Shutdown 14:00 0:09 1 NAP 14:00 16:44 2:44 VME on 0:06 1 ODY Mtes & Disable D.S. (e2023) 16:44 17:09 0:25 1 RUHF :59:52 15:12:53 0:13 RUHF (30Mb) 16:52:32 17:08:45 0:16 Shutdown 17:12 0:09 1 NAP 17:12 3:36 10:23 Wakeup 0:14 1 RUHF (60Mb) 3:36 3:52 0:15 1 RUHF :22 5:35 0:13 Shutdown 3:52 0:09 1 Wakeup 0:06 1 SA stomp- heating - cloud observation 8:00 8:45 0:45 1 Shutdown 8:45 0:09 1 Wakeup 0:06 1 AM Science (note: late HGA = longer science) 10:35 11:19 0:44 1 HGA :59:59 11:19:59 0:20:00 National Aeronautics and Mars Exploration Rovers: An example of an operationally responsive ground system Execute Assess and analyze Opportunity: SOL 272 SKELETON -1.3 Ahr no deep sleep/2nd Switchback Drive Thursday Start End DUR CPU NASA Software of the Year Maestro enables remote scientists to actively participate in rover planning activities Generate data products Plan observations and measurements Communicate and acquire Tactical Timeline reduced from 16 hours to 8 hours with ground system improvements Integrate activity plan Prepare command products Sequence and simulate 4/3/08 Elachi GSAW 29

30 Mars Science Laboratory (MSL): Infusion example of ground system software technologies MSLICE (MSL Operations Interface) Seamless integration of cutting edge visualization and planning tools for Mars surface missions. Allows scientists to rapidly search spacecraft data temporally and spatially. Automatically validates plans against flight rules and science constraints. Enables collaboration by geographically distributed users. Mission Data Processing System Multi-mission, DISA-compliant downlink processing framework. Event-driven capabilities enabled by component architecture. Supports flight system integration and test through operations, starting with flight software test bed. 4/3/08 Elachi GSAW 30

31 JPL s ground system is the product of a multiple systems integration activity Ground System- SoS Flight System Plans Mission Planning Science Planning Sequencing Command Processing Activity Requests External Users Science Products Plans Sequence Products Navigation Mission Ops Functional Decomposition Flight System Analysis Data Management & Archiving Science Data Processing Mission Monitoring Telemetry Data Processing Tracking Data Processing Science System Downlink System Uplink System Navigation System DSN Mission Services AMMOS - Advanced Multi-mission Operating System Data Services DSN - Deep Space Network 4/3/08 Elachi GSAW 31

32 JPL s Systems and Software Integrated Management and Operability Flight and ground systems and software engineering leadership Systems & Software Division Systems engineering Mission system concepts Flight software systems Integrated ground data systems Planning and execution systems System verification, validation and ops Software Quality Improvement MBE Model-Based Engineering Systems Engineering Advancement 4/3/08 Elachi GSAW 32

33 In the end, science application and utilization is what matters. The Ground System science data processing systems provide both science communities and the public a window into space. 4/3/08 Elachi GSAW 33

34 Future solar system exploration: Flagship Mission Studies Europa Explorer Titan Explorer Jupiter System Observer Water, organics, and prebiotic chemistry the evolution of habitable environments

35 Future Robotic Mars Exploration: From water, to habitability, to life, and better understanding of Mars history Life Habitability Urey Instrument AFL MSR Water Phoenix MSO MER MRO MSL ODY MGS Mars History Airplane Balloon Network Early Wet Mars Habitability Cumulative Time Available for Biological Evolution 4.5 Ga Martian History Late Dry Mars Present