Upgrade of the FLASH beamlines New diagnostic and beam transport tools

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1 Upgrade of the FLASH beamlines New diagnostic and beam transport tools Kai Tiedtke FLASH Seminar

2 Installation in the tunnel and experimental hall -Install a focusing mirror at BL3 Experimental hall Beam distribution area Tunnel section -Modify differential pumping units of the BL2 and BL3 end stations -Install a fast switching mirror unit -Permanently install the autocorrelator on BL2. -Install new filter units and new fast shutters -Repair VLS spectrometer -Modify differential pumping units -Install additional BPMs with MCP/fluorescence screen monitor -Install new online spectrometer based on atomic photoionization (like GMD) -Install a MCP/fluorescence screen monitor in the MCP tool Kai Tiedtke FLASH seminar March 2010 Page 2

3 BL2 20µm BL1 100µm PG2 100*200µm Experimental hall BL3 20µm PG1 Raman spectrometer laser beamlines Installation of a focusing mirror at BL3 optical laser systems THz beamline fast shutter high resolution monochromator beamline online spectrometer FEL beamlines Synchrotron radiation beamline gas monitor detector gas-filled attenuator Kai Tiedtke FLASH seminar March 2010 Page 3

4 BL2 20µm BL1 100µm PG2 100*200µm Experimental hall BL3 20µm PG1 Raman spectrometer laser beamlines THz beamline fast shutter optical laser systems high resolution monochromator beamline Installation of a focusing mirror at BL3 Modify differential pumping units of the BL2 and BL3 end stations to allow users to choose either the focused or the unfocused beam online spectrometer FEL beamlines Synchrotron radiation beamline gas monitor detector gas-filled attenuator Kai Tiedtke FLASH seminar March 2010 Page 4

BL2 20µm BL1 100µm PG2 100*200µm Fast Switching Mirror laser beamlines BL3 20µm PG1 Raman spectrometer Installation of a fast switching mirror unit in collaboration with Zeuthen (M.

5 BL2 20µm BL1 100µm PG2 100*200µm Fast Switching Mirror laser beamlines BL3 20µm PG1 Raman spectrometer Installation of a fast switching mirror unit in collaboration with Zeuthen (M. Sachwitz and colleagues) optical laser systems THz beamline fast shutter high resolution monochromator beamline online spectrometer FEL beamlines Synchrotron radiation beamline gas monitor detector gas-filled attenuator Kai Tiedtke FLASH seminar March 2010 Page 5

6 Motion of the Mirror Position [mm] Rest Position Final Position Photon beam (t=0.8ms) Rest Position 0 π/2 π 3π/2 2π Time [rad] a) y=0mm b) Beam Beam 0mm 30mm Mirror y=30mm Mirror Up to 2.5 Hz Motion Frequency Kai Tiedtke FLASH seminar March 2010 Page 6

7 BL2 20µm BL1 100µm PG2 100*200µm Experimental hall BL3 20µm PG1 Raman spectrometer laser beamlines optical laser systems Include the autocorrelator as a permanent device in the direct beamlines THz beamline fast shutter high resolution monochromator beamline online spectrometer FEL beamlines Synchrotron radiation beamline gas monitor detector gas-filled attenuator Kai Tiedtke FLASH seminar March 2010 Page 7

8 Autocorrelator / beam splitter The FEL radiation is split and directed under grazing incidence over a set of fixed and a set of position-variable mirrors, respectively, before being recombined. Will be installed in beamline BL2 R. Mitzner, H. Zacharias et al Kai Tiedtke FLASH seminar March 2010 Page 8

BL2 20µm BL1 100µm PG2 100*200µm VLS Spectrometer BL3 20µm PG1 Raman spectrometer Repair VLS spectrometer laser beamlines optical laser systems THz beamline fast shutter high

9 BL2 20µm BL1 100µm PG2 100*200µm VLS Spectrometer BL3 20µm PG1 Raman spectrometer Repair VLS spectrometer laser beamlines optical laser systems THz beamline fast shutter high resolution monochromator beamline online spectrometer FEL beamlines Synchrotron radiation beamline gas monitor detector gas-filled attenuator Kai Tiedtke FLASH seminar March 2010 Page 9

VLS-Spectrometer BL2 20µm BL1 100µm PG2 100*200µm Experiment BL3 20µm PG1 Raman spectromete r 6nm Focal curve 60nm 0 th order laser beamlines optical laser systems 1 st order THz beamline fast

10 VLS-Spectrometer BL2 20µm BL1 100µm PG2 100*200µm Experiment BL3 20µm PG1 Raman spectromete r 6nm Focal curve 60nm 0 th order laser beamlines optical laser systems 1 st order THz beamline fast shutter online spectrometer FEL beamlines high resolution monochromator beamline Synchrotron radiation beamline Variable line Spacing grating gas monitor detector gas-filled attenuator FEL Kai Tiedtke FLASH seminar March 2010 Page 10

VLS-Chamber With grating and mirror Detector unit FEL Depending on the wavelength: 1-10% of the beam for the

11 Principle of the VLS at FLASH Mirror replaced by grating -> at FLASH: combination of mirror plus VLS-grating on top In contrast to a standard grating, the blazed angle for the 0 th order is transported to the experiments VLS-Chamber With grating and mirror Detector unit FEL Depending on the wavelength: 1-10% of the beam for the spectrometer Detector can follow the focal plane of the gratings 0th order 1st order Kai Tiedtke FLASH seminar March 2010 Page 11

Bessy/HZB 6 rod bearing system allows 6 degrees of freedom In case of VLS: only

12 Functional principle of the construction V1 V2 Tilt FEL FEL Y H1 Grating Mirror H2 Grating Mirror Courtesy of Tino Noll Sophisticated principle evolved by Bessy/HZB 6 rod bearing system allows 6 degrees of freedom In case of VLS: only 5 degrees of freedom are motor-operated Kai Tiedtke FLASH seminar March 2010 Page 12

Old drive <-> New drive: a comparison spindle bearing plate funnel rod

Connects the outer rotational movement of the spindle to the inner translatory

13 Old drive <-> New drive: a comparison spindle bearing plate funnel rod Challenging design-values for drives: - translation 10nm - rotation 40nrad Fine thread spindle: pitch= 0.5 mm/rotation Bearing plate connects the spindle to the funnel Bearing plate: Connects the outer rotational movement of the spindle to the inner translatory motion of the rods Courtesy of Tino Noll bearing plate Gives the opportunity to vary the play of the drive Kai Tiedtke FLASH seminar March 2010 Page 13

map (nm) measured with NOM (Nanometer Optical Machine at HZB)

14 Measurement results of the old optics-holders Slope Errors Height profile of the mirror R=230km Mapping of the mirror surface Height map (nm) measured with NOM (Nanometer Optical Machine at HZB) Courtesy of Frank Siewert Kai Tiedtke FLASH seminar March 2010 Page 14

15 Measurement results of the new optics-holders Height profile measured at the 18 Zygo-Interferometer Not adjusted adjusted Courtesy of Frank Siewert Kai Tiedtke FLASH seminar March 2010 Page 15

16 Visual Beam Position Monitor BPM Zeuthen (reinstallation) Detector Unit F1 (Apertures, Detectors) FEL Electrons Beamline for the synchrotron radiation of the dipole magnet Kai Tiedtke FLASH seminar March 2010 Page 16

Electrical feedthroughs Repeller plate In collaboration

17 Visual BPM Ions produced by the FEL Micro Channel Plate (MCP) FEL beam Electrodes, to provide a homogeneous field Electrical feedthroughs Repeller plate In collaboration with DESY Zeuthen Kai Tiedtke FLASH seminar March 2010 Page 17

18 Visual BPM In collaboration with DESY Zeuthen Kai Tiedtke FLASH seminar March 2010 Page 18

19 Upgrade of MCP-based photon detector MCP based intensity monitor Detector Unit F1 (Apertures, Detectors) FEL Electrons Beamline for the synchrotron radiation of the dipole magnet Kai Tiedtke FLASH seminar March 2010 Page 19

Four generations of MCP detectors has been developed an installed at the TESLA Test Facility/FLASH in 1999, 2001, 2004,

20 Upgrade of MCP-based photon detector MCP detector: 2004 MCP detector: 2007 MCP detectors were developed in collaboration with JINR, Dubna. Four generations of MCP detectors has been developed an installed at the TESLA Test Facility/FLASH in 1999, 2001, 2004, and MCP-detector is the main tool for search, tuning and primary characterization of SASE. Pulse Energy (µj) ` Kai Tiedtke FLASH seminar March 2010 Page 20 Bunch Number

This upgrade has been done in collaboration

21 Upgrade of MCP-based photon detector in 2009/10 During 2009/10 upgrade MCP-based beam observation system (BOS) has been installed. This upgrade has been done in collaboration with JINR (Dubna) and EXFEL. An idea is to use it for photon beam profile characterization and (possibly) for visual SASE search. Kai Tiedtke FLASH seminar March 2010 Page 21

22 Online Photionization Spectrometer Online Photoionization spectrometer Detector Unit F1 (Apertures, Detectors) FEL Electrons Beamline for the synchrotron radiation of the dipole magnet Kai Tiedtke FLASH seminar March 2010 Page 22

Online Photoionization Spectrometer One can use the Ion and Electron TOF data to pinpoint the photon energies. M. Wellhöfer, J. T. Hoeft, M. Martins, W. Wurth, M. Braune, J. Viefhaus, K. Tiedtke, M.

23 Online Photoionization Spectrometer One can use the Ion and Electron TOF data to pinpoint the photon energies. M. Wellhöfer, J. T. Hoeft, M. Martins, W. Wurth, M. Braune, J. Viefhaus, K. Tiedtke, M. Richter, Photoelectron spectroscopy as a non-invasive method to monitor SASE-FEL spectra. JINST 3, P02003 (2008) P. N. Juranić, M. Martins, J. Viefhaus, S. Bonfigt, L. Jahn, M. Ilchen, S. Klumpp, K. Tiedtke, Using I-TOF spectrometry to measure photon energies at FELs, JINST 4, P09011 (2009) Kai Tiedtke FLASH seminar March 2010 Page 23

Online determination of the spectral distribution using i- and e- TOF spectrometer Light Beam E kin = E photon Binding Energy Electron The binding energies are easy.

24 Online determination of the spectral distribution using i- and e- TOF spectrometer Light Beam E kin = E photon Binding Energy Electron The binding energies are easy... Atom If you know the binding energy, and you can measure the electron kinetic energy, you can evaluate the energy of the photon! Kai Tiedtke FLASH seminar March 2010 Page 24

25 The Spectra etof spectrum of Ne 56.4 ev The 2p 3/2 level for Ne has a binding energy of 21.7 ev. The 2p 1/2 binding energy is 21.6 ev. That would make the photon energy 78 or 78.1 ev. The set photon energy was 78 ev. Kai Tiedtke FLASH seminar March 2010 Page 25

26 Resolving Power Neon at 22 ev 0.1 ev Kai Tiedtke FLASH seminar March 2010 Page 26

27 Well-Resolved I-TOF Spectra Isotope Atomic mass (m a /u) Natural abundance (atom %) 124 Xe (22) 0.09 (1) 126 Xe (8) 0.09 (1) 128 Xe (17) 1.92 (3) 129 Xe (21) (24) 130 Xe (17) 4.08 (2) 131 Xe (5) (3) 132 Xe (5) (6) 134 Xe (8) (10) 136 Xe (8) 8.87 (16) Kai Tiedtke FLASH seminar March 2010 Page 27

28 From the Spectra, Ratios We must be at 100 ev photon energy! But it could also be 170 ev... Kai Tiedtke FLASH seminar March 2010 Page 28

29 Other Gases Small Error Bars Lots of Literature Data Lots of Signal! Kai Tiedtke FLASH seminar March 2010 Page 29

30 Uncertainty Steep slopes are good! Oxygen looks particularly nice... Kai Tiedtke FLASH seminar March 2010 Page 30

31 A Final Comparison (for FLASH) E-TOF I-TOF Speed of measurement Uncertainty of center photon energy measurement Expected bonus information Robustness Nanoseconds 0.1 to 0.05 ev Can see the whole spectral distribution of the pulse and higher harmonics of a pulse Sensitive to electric and magnetic fields, beam stability Hundreds of nanoseconds to microseconds 0.7 ev to 0.3 ev Can see the average photon energy Like a rock Kai Tiedtke FLASH seminar March 2010 Page 31

32 The End > Everything proceeding very smoothly! Many thanks to: FS-BT group, Colleagues from Dubna, Martin Sachwitz and colleagues (DESY Zeuthen), H. Zacharias and colleagues (Uni Münster), Rolf Mitzner, Tino Noll, and Frank Siewert (HZB) and in particular to: Svea Kapitzki, Susanne Bonfigt, Fini Jastrow, Pavle Juranic, Günter Brenner and to the entire FLASH crew Kai Tiedtke FLASH seminar March 2010 Page 32

Gas Based Detectors for FEL Photon Diagnostics.

Gas Based Detectors for FEL Photon Diagnostics. Kai Tiedtke Satellite Workshop on Photon Beam Diagnostics, 29 Jan. 2015 Outline. Intensity and Beam Position Monitor (GMD) @ FLASH Gas-Monitor-Detector for