Unit 4 Review. Vocabulary. Key Concepts. Unit 4 Review. Fill in the blank with the term that best completes the sentence.

Transcription

1 Name Vocabulary Fill in the blank with the term that best completes the sentence. 1 The of an object describes the speed and the direction in which it is going. 2 is the energy transferred from an object at a higher temperature to an object at a lower temperature. 6.8A 3 The theory of matter states that all of the particles that make up matter are constantly in motion. 4 is the sum of an object s kinetic and potential energy. Key Concepts Choose the letter of the best answer. 6.8C, 6.8D 5 Joanna s family drove 360 km on a trip. The graph below represents their motion Distance (km) Time (h) What was the average speed during the last 3 h of the trip? A 45 km/h C 120 km/h B 60 km/h D 180 km/h Unit 4 Energy, Motion, and Forces

2 0 5 Name: Date: Class: continued 6.8C 6 An airplane leaves New York to fly to Los Angeles. It travels 3850 km in 5.5 hours. What is the average speed of the airplane? A 700 km B 700 hours C 700 km/hour D 7000 hours/km 7 Julia is in a car with her father. The car is undergoing centripetal acceleration. What is happening to the car? A The car is slowing down. B The car is stopping suddenly. C The car is changing direction and speeding up. D The car is changing direction at a constant speed. 6.8B 8 The diagram below shows the forces acting on a sneaker. As the force F is applied, the sneaker does not move F Ff Fg Fn Which statement below correctly describes the forces? A The net force is acting to the left. B The net force is moving to the right. C The net force is acting in an upward direction. D The net force is zero, and all the forces are balanced. 80 Unit 4 Energy, Motion, and Forces 280 Unit 4 Energy, Motion, and Forces

3 6.9B, 6.2E Name 9 Addison warms a pure, solid substance. He records the changes in temperature over time in the left-hand column of the following data table. In the right-hand column, he records the state of the substance. Temperature ( C) 0 solid X Y Z liquid State boiling liquid gas Which of the following could represent the missing values in Addison s data table? (Hint: Step 1. Think about the relative temperatures at which a solid becomes a liquid, boils, and becomes gaseous. Step 2. Determine if the temperature will increase or decrease as the substance changes phases.) A X = 50; Y = 100; Z = 50 C X = -50; Y = -100; Z = -50 B X = 50; Y = 100; Z = 150 D X = -50; Y = -100; Z = A 10 Which of the following is the transfer of energy as heat by the movement of a liquid or gas? A radiation B emission C convection D conduction 6.4A 11 A student collects and records the following data throughout the day. Time Temperature ( C) 9 a.m a.m p.m p.m. 13 Which instrument did the student use to collect the temperature data? A scale B balance C barometer D thermometer Unit 4 Energy, Motion, and Forces

4 continued 6.8A 12 A mass hanging from a spring moves up and down. The mass stops moving temporarily each time the spring is extended to its fullest at position 2 and each time it returns to its tight coil at position 4. Position 1 Position 2 Position 3 Position 4 Which answer choice best describes the type of energy the spring has at Position 1? A kinetic energy B potential energy C both potential energy and kinetic energy D neither potential energy or kinetic energy 6.9C 13 A person flips a switch to turn on a lamp. Instantly, light is produced. What is one other form of energy that the person should expect to observe from the lamp? A sound B nuclear C thermal D chemical 6.8E 14 Movers roll a piano up a ramp and into a building. If the ramp has a mechanical advantage of 6, which of the following could be true about the length of the ramp and the height of its incline? (Hint: Step 1. Think about how mechanical advantage is calculated. Step 2. Calculate the mechanical advantage of each of the answer choices. Step 3. Compare the mechanical advantage of each answer choice to the required mechanical advantage of 6.) A The ramp is 3 meters long, and the incline is 2 meters high. B The ramp is 6 meters long, and the incline is 3 meters high. C The ramp is 12 meters long, and the incline is 2 meters high. D The ramp is 18 meters long, and the incline is 6 meters high Unit Unit 4 Energy, 4 Energy, Motion, Motion, and and Forces Forces

5 Name Gridded Response Write your answer in the boxes, then bubble in the corresponding number in the grid below. 6.8E 15 A worker moves a heavy load into a house with the aid of an inclined plane. If the plane has a length of 8.5 meters and an ideal mechanical advantage of 3.5, what is the height, in meters, of the inclined plane? Critical Thinking Answer the following questions in the space provided. 6.8B 16 Marek is trying to push a box of sports equipment across the floor. The arrow on the box is a vector representing the force that Marek exerts. Besides the force that Marek exerts, which other forces are acting upon the box? Describe each one. Unit 4 Energy, Motion, and Forces

6 continued 6.8B 17 What does the formula F = ma mean, and which of Newton s three laws does it describe? 6.8A, 6.9C 18 Describe the law of conservation of energy. Then, give two examples of energy being transformed from one type to another. Connect ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS Lessons 1, 6, and 7 Answer the following question in the space provided. 6.8A, 6.8E 19 Explain how an inclined plane makes loading a piano into a truck easier. Refer to the changing potential energy and kinetic energy of the piano as it (a) sits on the ground, (b) is being moved into the truck, and (c) sits in the truck. 84 Unit 4 Energy, Motion, and Forces 284 Unit 4 Energy, Motion, and Forces