HCP Future. LHC Status and Upgrades

Transcription

1 HCP Future LHC Status and Upgrades Dan Green US CMS Program Manager Fermilab June 18,

2 LHC Accelerator Outline ATLAS, CMS Detectors Preparing for the Physics SLHC Upgrades and Reach 2

3 LHC Schedule CERN dashboard. Blue is the planned schedule. Red is just in time. There is no reason to assume that the CERN schedule will not be met. The CERN Directorate stresses the schedule. Collisions in April Physics run (10 fb -1 ) starting in late 2007, early

4 Dipole Installation Jan.,

5 US LHC - IR Quad US involved in next generation (SLHC) low β quads 5

6 LHC Detector Innovations LHC challenges have led to dramatic detector progress LA accordion for high speed operation PbWO4 fast crystal calorimetry, radiation resistant. Muon Toroids precision momentum over an enormous volume. All silicon tracking 200 m 2 Silicon pixels at p-p colliders for b tagging. DSM electronics radiation hard Optical data transfers fast, hermetic. 6

7 ATLAS Detector Assembly Solenoid in front of LAr Barrel Calorimeter ready for integration, test in Mar 04 Tile Barrel Calorimeter assembled on the surface and ready for installation Barrel Toroid assembly at CERN Silicon tracker macro assembly at RAL 7

8 ATLAS Underground Assembly First Calorimeter detector module moved underground UX15 infrastructure and detector support system installed Support system ready for detector installation 8

9 The SPS H8 beam Slice tests for both ATLAS and CMS in CERN test beams. 9

10 CMS: 1 st Coil Module at CERN-SX5 World s largest electro-magnet. 4T field. Calorimetry is inside. 10

11 HCAL : HB and HE SX5 Back-flange 18 Brackets 3 Layers of absorber Scintillator + brass. Use HPD and QIE. Operating inside a 4T field. 11

12 Endcap Muon Chambers Endcap return yoke and CSC now taking cosmic ray data in SX5 12

13 SX5 and Pit-head Cover cover complete first closing test later this month. SX5 Jura wall removal this summer 13

14 LHC Significance 10 4 Constituent CM Energy (GeV) Accelerators ISR electron hadron Prin-Stan SPEAR Tevatron SppS PEP CESR SLC TRISTAN LEPII LHC Higgs boson t quark W, Z bosons b quark c quark Starting Year s quark LHC will be the first jump in C.M. energy and luminosity in about 20 years. This is a qualitative change discovery level Physics

15 US LHC Construction Projects US CMS - Total Cost and Scheduled Cost AY(M$) Scheduled Total Sep-96 Sep-97 Sep-98 Sep-99 Sep-00 Sep-01 Sep-02 Sep-03 Sep-04 Sep-05 The 531 M$ investment in US LHC construction has been wisely used. The Projects are on schedule (for 2005 ~ completion) and on budget. Next step is to use the time before 2007 to prepare for the physics commissioning and preops in SX5 more slice tests. 15

16 Preparing for the Physics Test beam work continues calibration, low momentum Optical alignment, construction constants databases Trigger and DAQ studies at low and high luminosity. Initial physics run studies with 10 fb -1 -LHC Symposium. Grid Computing hierarchical structure, Tier 0 Tier 1 and Tier 2. Core Computing and Software Data Challenges incremental, DC04 = 25% bandwidth 16

17 CPU 100,000 Computing Challenge Earth Simulator 10,000 LHC Exp. 1, Gray Wave Astronomy Current accelerator Nuclear Exp. Atmospheric Chemistry Group Collaboration S ize LHC experiments will be an order of magnitude increase in CPU. 17

18 Evolution of LHC luminosity Install upgrade here When do you upgrade the LHC and expts? 18

19 Mass Reach vs L - SLHC N=100 Events, Z' Coupling At reach is already 2 TeV M Z' (GeV) 2 TeV TeV 28 TeV 100 TeV Luminosity(/cm 2 sec) VLHC LHC Tevatron In general mass reach is increased by ~ 1.5 TeV for Z, heavy SUSY squarks or gluinos or extra dimension mass scales. A ~ 20% measurement of the HHH coupling is possible for Higgs masses < 200 GeV. However, to realize these improvements we need to maintain the capabilities of the LHC detectors. 19

20 Kinematics dσ / dy 1 TeV 5 TeV barrel y barrel Heavy States decay at wide angles. For example Z of 1 and 5 TeV decaying into light pairs. Therefore, for these states we will concentrate on wide angle detectors. 20

21 Higgs Self Coupling Baur, Plehn, Rainwater HH W + W - W + W - ± νjj ± νjj Find the Higgs? If the H mass is known, then the SM H potential is completely known HH prediction. If H is found, measure selfcouplings, but ultimately SLHC is needed. The plan is for 10x increase in luminosity ~ Given the needed R&D time, work on the new detectors needed for the SLHC must start very soon. 21

22 Detector Environment LHC SLHC s 14 TeV 14 TeV L cm sec) Ldt 100 fb 1 / yr 1000 fb Bunch spacing dt 25 ns 12.5 ns N( interactions/x-ing) ~ 12 ~ 62 dn ch /dη per x-ing ~ 75 ~ 375 Tracker occupancy 1 5 Pile-up noise 1 ~2.2 Dose central region /( cm sec) 1 / Bunch spacing reduced 2x. Interactions/crossing increased 5 x. Pileup noise increased by 2.2x if crossings are time resolvable. Tenfold L increase comes from dt, β*, and p/bunch. yr 22

23 Heavy Ion Program In heavy ion (HI) runs the particle density is ~ 5000 for Pb-Pb. Good study for detector headroom w.r.t. SLHC. 23

24 HI Tracker Study Efficiency Fakes η < 0.7 The CMS tracker has sufficient headroom to operate in the HI environment. 24

25 Tracker Ionizing Dose The ionizing dose due to charged particles is: ID = σ ρτ de d ρ x πr 2 I c [ / ( ' )] mip /[2 ] The dose depends only on luminosity, r, and exposure time τ. For example, at r = 20 cm, the dose is ~3 Mrad/yr ignoring loopers, interactions,. naïve expectation. 25

26 Tracker ID vs. Radius naive 10 3 Ionizing Dose in Tracker for L and 1 Year Dose(Mrad) r(cm) Define 3 regions. With 10x increase in L, need a ~ 3x change in radius to preserve an existing technology. 26

27 Crossing ID: CMS HB Pulse Shape 100 GeV electrons. 25ns bins. Average pulse shape, phased +1ns to LHC clock. Bunch ID at 12.5 nsec OK 27

28 HI - Jet Reconstruction Full jet reconstruction in central Pb-Pb collision HIJING, dnch/dy = 5000 Efficiency, purity Measured jet energy Jet energy resolution 28

29 ECAL Shower Dose The dose in ECAL is ~ due to photon showers and is: 2 SD = σρτ[ de / d( ρ' x)] [ < p > / sinθ E ]/[2 πr ] I o mip T c = ( ID /2)[ < p > / sinθ E ] T 2 In the barrel, SD is ~ /[ r sin θ ]. In the endcap, 3 SD ~ /[ z 2 θ ] ~ ( / z 2 ) e 3η c At r = 1.2 m, for Pb with Ec = 7.4 MeV, the dose at y=0 is 3.3 Mrad/yr, at y =1.5 it is 7.8 Mrad/yr. 29

30 HCAL and ECAL Dose naive 10 3 Dose in ECAL and HCAL for L = and One Year 10 2 ecal hcal Dose(Mrad) η Barrel doses are not a problem. For the endcaps a technology change may be needed for 2 < y < 3 for the CMS HCAL. Switch to quartz fiber as in HF? 30

31 HCAL - Coverage VBF and tag jets are important for calorimetry. Reduced forward coverage to compensate for 10x L is not too damaging to tag jet efficiency, SD ~ 1/θ 3 ~ e 3η 31

32 Muons and Shielding n 2 /( cm isec) r r There is factor ~ 5 in headroom at design L. With added shielding, dose rates can be kept constant if angular coverage goes from y <2.4 to y <2. z 32

33 L1 Trigger at 10 35? Muons are ~ clean. Issue of low momentum muons from b jets. Jets are ~ clean. ECAL jets are mostly garbage need tracker to make big L1 improvements. Rutherford scattering ~ 1/P T3 at low momentum Simply scale thresholds? Or migrate Tracking into L1 trigger at the SLHC. µ µµ J L = GeV L = GeV J*MET 113*70 170*100 33

34 Summary and Conclusions LHC experiments are designed for discovery at the new energy frontier The detectors are nearing completion and commissioning has begun Higgs is ~ assured of discovery if it exists. SUSY is ~ assured if it exists as a solution of the Hierarchy Problem. Discoveries will come early because energy matters. The experiments must be ready on day one. It is not just the quick discovery. With the SLHC the program (new spectroscopy?) at the energy frontier will span decades. 34