Lesson Plan Chapter 4

Transcription

1 CHAPTER 4 Forces and the Laws of Motion 10/21/13-11/1/13 Chapter Opener Tapping Prior Knowledge, TE Review previously learned concepts and check for preconceptions about the chapter content. Discovery Lab, Discovering Newton s Laws, ANC Students perform three experiments to investigate the principles explained by Newton s laws. (BASIC) Visual Concepts CD-ROM This CD-ROM consists of multimedia presentations of core physics concepts. (BASIC) SECTION 1 Changes in Motion Day 1 PACING Regular Schedule: with lab(s): N/A days without lab(s): 1 days Block Schedule: with lab(s): N/A days without lab(s): 0.5 days STATE OBJECTIVES II. Forces, momentum and motion A. Newton s laws applied to complex problems B. Gravitational force and fields D. Friction force (static and kinetic) E. Air resistance and drag F. Forces in two dimensions 1. Adding vector forces 2. Motion down inclines 3. Centripetal forces and circular motion OBJECTIVES 1. Describe how force affects the motion of an object. 2. Interpret and construct free-body diagrams. NATIONAL SCIENCE EDUCATION STANDARDS UCP 1: Systems, order, and organization UCP 2: Evidence, models, and explanation UCP 3: Change, consistency, and measurements SAI 1: Abilities to do scientific inquiry SAI 2: Understanding about scientific inquiry ST 1: Abilities of technological design

2 ST 2: Understanding about science and technology SPSP 1: Personal health PS 4a: Objects change their motion only when a net force is applied. Laws of motion are used to calculate precisely the effects of forces on the motion of objects. The magnitude of the change in motion can be calculated using the relationship F = ma, which is independent of the nature of the force. Whenever one object exerts force on another, a force equal in magnitude and opposite in direction is exerted on the first object. FOCUS (5 MINUTES) Overview Review the objectives listed in the Student Edition. MOTIVATE (5 MINUTES) Teaching Tip, p. 120, TE Explore students understanding of force with a brief discussion about motion and acceleration. Visual Strategy, Figure 1, TE This feature points out that the ball is experiencing force in all three pictures in Figure 1. (BASIC) Teaching Tip, p. 120, TE Emphasize that forces cause changes in velocity over time, or accelerations. TEACH (25 minutes) PowerNotes Resources Use the customizable presentation to help students master the concepts in this section. Visual Strategy, Figure 2, TE Students identify examples of contact forces and field forces in the photograph. Quick Lab, Force and Changes in Motion, SE Students observe the motion of a toy car before and after it strikes a book and diagram the forces involved in the collision. Datasheet, Force and Changes in Motion Students use the datasheet to complete the intext QuickLab Teaching Tip, p. 122, TE Explain to students why all examples in this chapter assume that the forces act on an object at a common point, and discuss situations where this assumption does not apply. (ADVANCED) Sample Set A, Drawing Free-Body Diagrams, SE This sample and practice problem set covers free-body diagrams. Misconception Alert, p. 123, TE Emphasize that free-body diagrams show only the forces acting on the object, and not the forces the object exerts on other objects. CLOSE (10 minutes) Section Review, SE Students answer review questions, critical-thinking questions, and interpreting-graphics questions that assess their understanding of the section objectives. Study Guide, Changes in Motion, ANC Use this worksheet to review the main concepts

3 presented in the section. Section Quiz, ANC Use this quiz to assess students' understanding of the section. (BASIC) OTHER RESOURCE OPTIONS Problem Workbook, Sample Set A: Drawing Free-Body Diagrams, ANC This worksheet provides an additional example problem and several practice problems that cover free-body diagrams. Problem Bank, Sample Set A: Drawing Free-Body Diagrams, OSP This worksheet provides a third example problem and several practice problems that cover free-body diagrams. SciLinks, Online Students can visit to find internet resources related to the chapter content. Topic: Forces SciLinks Code: HF60604

4 SECTION 2 Newton s First Law Day 2-3 PACING Regular Schedule: with lab(s): N/A days without lab(s): 1 days Block Schedule: with lab(s): N/A days without lab(s): 0.5 days STATE OBJECTIVES II. Forces, momentum and motion A. Newton s laws applied to complex problems B. Gravitational force and fields D. Friction force (static and kinetic) E. Air resistance and drag F. Forces in two dimensions 1. Adding vector forces 2. Motion down inclines 3. Centripetal forces and circular motion OBJECTIVES 1. Explain the relationship between the motion of an object and the net external force acting on the object. 2. Determine the net external force on an object. 3. Calculate the force required to bring an object into equilibrium. NATIONAL SCIENCE EDUCATION STANDARDS UCP 1: Systems, order, and organization UCP 2: Evidence, models, and explanation UCP 3: Change, consistency, and measurements UCP 5: Form and function SAI 1: Abilities to do scientific inquiry SAI 2: Understanding about scientific inquiry ST 1: Abilities of technological design ST 2: Understanding about science and technology HNS 3: History of science PS 4a: Objects change their motion only when a net force is applied. Laws of motion are used to calculate precisely the effects of forces on the motion of objects. The magnitude of the change in motion can be calculated using the relationship F = ma, which is independent of the nature of the force. Whenever one object exerts force on another, a force equal in magnitude and opposite in direction is exerted on the first object. FOCUS (5 MINUTES)

5 Overview Review the objectives listed in the Student Edition. MOTIVATE (5 MINUTES) Demonstration, Inertia, TE This demonstration helps students develop a kinesthetic sense of inertia. (BASIC) TEACH (25 MINUTES) PowerNotes Resources Use the customizable presentation to help students master the concepts in this section. Quick Lab, Inertia, SE Students observe what happens to balls of different masses when the skateboard or cart they are riding on hits a wall. Datasheet, Inertia Students use the datasheet to complete the in-text QuickLab Sample Set B, Determining Net Force, SE This sample and practice problem set covers determining net force. Classroom Practice, Determining Net Force, SE Use this problem as a teamwork exercise or for demonstration at the board or on an overhead projector. Visual Strategy, Figure 6, TE Students identify other forces acting on the bob in the photograph. CLOSE (10 MINUTES) Section Review, SE Students answer review questions, critical-thinking questions, and interpreting-graphics questions that assess their understanding of the section objectives. Study Guide, Newton s First Law, ANC Use this worksheet to review the main concepts presented in the section. Section Quiz, ANC Use this quiz to assess students' understanding of the section. (BASIC) OTHER RESOURCE OPTIONS Problem Workbook, Sample Set B: Determining Net Force, ANC This worksheet provides an additional example problem and several practice problems that cover determining net force. Problem Bank, Sample Set B: Determining Net Force, OSP This worksheet provides a third example problem and several practice problems that cover determining net force.

6 SECTION 3 Newton s Second and Third Laws Day 4-7 PACING Regular Schedule: with lab(s): 2 days without lab(s): 1 days Block Schedule: with lab(s): 1 days without lab(s): 0.5 days STATE OBJECTIVES II. Forces, momentum and motion A. Newton s laws applied to complex problems B. Gravitational force and fields D. Friction force (static and kinetic) E. Air resistance and drag F. Forces in two dimensions 1. Adding vector forces 2. Motion down inclines 3. Centripetal forces and circular motion OBJECTIVES 1. Describe an object s acceleration in terms of its mass and the net force acting on it. 2. Predict the direction and magnitude of the acceleration caused by a known net force. 3. Identify action-reaction pairs. NATIONAL SCIENCE EDUCATION STANDARDS UCP 1: Systems, order, and organization UCP 2: Evidence, models, and explanation UCP 3: Change, consistency, and measurements SAI 1: Abilities to do scientific inquiry SAI 2: Understanding about scientific inquiry HNS 1: Science as a human endeavor HNS 2: Nature of science HNS 3: History of science SPSP 5: Science and technology in society PS 4a: Objects change their motion only when a net force is applied. Laws of motion are used to calculate precisely the effects of forces on the motion of objects. The magnitude of the change in motion can be calculated using the relationship F = ma, which is independent of the nature of the force. Whenever one object exerts force on another, a force equal in magnitude and opposite in direction is exerted on the first object.

7 FOCUS (5 MINUTES) Overview Review the objectives listed in the Student Edition. MOTIVATE (5 MINUTES) Misconception Alert, p. 133, TE Draw separate free-body diagrams on the board for two or more interacting objects, then use the diagrams to refute the misconception that action and reaction forces cancel each other. TEACH (70 MINUTES) PowerNotes Resources Use the customizable presentation to help students master the concepts in this section. Sample Set C, Newton s Second Law, SE This sample and practice problem set covers Newton s second law. (BASIC) Classroom Practice, Newton s Second Law, TE Use these problems as a teamwork exercise or for demonstration at the board or on an overhead projector. Conceptual Challenge, p. 132, SE These conceptual questions challenge students to apply the section content to real-world applications. Skills Practice Lab, Force and Acceleration, SE Students examine the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration. Datasheet, Force and Acceleration, ANC Students use the datasheet to complete the intext lab. CLOSE (10 MINUTES) Section Review, SE Students answer review questions, critical-thinking questions, and interpreting-graphics questions that assess their understanding of the section objectives. Study Guide, Newton s Second and Third Laws, ANC Use this worksheet to review the main concepts presented in the section. Section Quiz, ANC Use this quiz to assess students' understanding of the section. (BASIC) OTHER RESOURCE OPTIONS CBLTM Lab, Force and Acceleration, SE This is a CBL version of the end-of-chapter Skills Practice Lab. CBLTM Experiment, Force and Acceleration, ANC students examine the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration. Problem Workbook, Sample Set C: Newton s Second Law, ANC This worksheet provides an additional example problem and several practice problems that Newton s second law. Problem Bank, Sample Set C: Newton s Second Law, OSP This worksheet provides a third example problem and several practice problems that cover Newton s second law.

8 Integrating Technology, Car Seat Safety, Online Students can visit my.hrw.com and enter the keyword HF6FORX to find this activity. Teacher resources can be found by entering the keyword HF6FORXT. SciLinks, Online Students can visit to find internet resources related to the chapter content. Topic: Newton s Laws SciLinks Code: HF61028

9 SECTION 4 Everyday Forces PACING Regular Schedule: with lab(s): N/A days without lab(s): 1 days Block Schedule: with lab(s): N/A days without lab(s): 0.5 days STATE OBJECTIVES II. Forces, momentum and motion A. Newton s laws applied to complex problems B. Gravitational force and fields D. Friction force (static and kinetic) E. Air resistance and drag F. Forces in two dimensions 1. Adding vector forces 2. Motion down inclines 3. Centripetal forces and circular motion OBJECTIVES 1. Explain the difference between mass and weight. 2. Find the direction and magnitude of normal forces. 3. Describe air resistance as a form of friction. 4. Use coefficients of friction to calculate frictional force. NATIONAL SCIENCE EDUCATION STANDARDS UCP 1: Systems, order, and organization UCP 2: Evidence, models, and explanation UCP 3: Change, consistency, and measurements UCP 5: Form and function SAI 1: Abilities to do scientific inquiry SAI 2: Understanding about scientific inquiry ST 1: Abilities of technological design ST 2: Understanding about science and technology HNS 3: History of science SPSP 3: Natural hazards SPSP 4: Risks and benefits SPSP 5: Science and technology in society PS 2d: The physical properties of compounds reflect the nature of the interactions among molecules. These interactions are determined by the structure of the molecule, including

10 the constituent atoms and the distances and angles between them. PS 4a: Objects change their motion only when a net force is applied. Laws of motion are used to calculate precisely the effects of forces on the motion of objects. The magnitude of the change in motion can be calculated using the relationship F = ma, which is independent of the nature of the force. Whenever one object exerts force on another, a force equal in magnitude and opposite in direction is exerted on the first object. PS 4b: Gravitation is a universal force that each mass exerts on any other mass. The strength of the gravitational attractive force between two masses is proportional to the masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. FOCUS (5 MINUTES) Overview Review the objectives listed in the Student Edition. MOTIVATE (5 MINUTES) Visual Strategy, Figure 10, TE This feature has students consider whether a dart shot from a dart gun will go further on the moon or on Earth. (ADVANCED) Visual Strategy, Figure 11, TE This feature has students consider whether the forces shown in the figure constitute an action-reaction pair. TEACH (25 MINUTES) PowerNotes Resources Use the customizable presentation to help students master the concepts in this section. Demonstration, Static vs. Kinetic Friction, TE Students use a spring scale to measure the difference between kinetic friction and static friction on a rectangular block. Demonstration, Friction of Different Surfaces, TE A spring scale is used to measure the different amounts of friction created when a cube is pulled with different sides facing down. The cube has sides covered with different materials. (ADVANCED) Demonstration, Friction and Surface Area, TE A spring scale is used to measure the difference between forces required to pull objects with different sized surface areas. (ADVANCED) Visual Strategy, Figure 15, TE Students discuss what environmental changes might affect the frictional force acting on a snowboarder. (ADVANCED) Sample Set D, Coefficients of Friction, SE This sample and practice problem set covers coefficients of friction. Classroom Practice, Coefficients of Friction, TE Use these problems as a teamwork exercise or for demonstration at the board or on an overhead projector. Sample Set E, Overcoming Friction, SE This sample and practice problem set covers overcoming friction. Classroom Practice, Overcoming Friction, TE Use these problems as a teamwork exercise or for demonstration at the board or on an overhead projector.

11 CLOSE (10 MINUTES) Section Review, SE Students answer review questions, critical-thinking questions, and interpreting-graphics questions that assess their understanding of the section objectives. Study Guide, Everyday Forces, ANC Use this worksheet to review the main concepts presented in the section. Section Quiz, ANC Use this quiz to assess students' understanding of the section. (BASIC) OTHER RESOURCE OPTIONS Invention Lab, Friction: Testing Materials, ANC Students determine the coefficients of static and kinetic friction for a variety of surfaces. (ADVANCED) CBLTM Experiment, Static and Kinetic Friction, ANC In this scenariolab, students use CBLs and sensors to determine the coefficients of static and kinetic friction for shoes that will be used while walking on roofing shingles. (ADVANCED) CBLTM Experiment, Air Resistance, ANC In this scenariouse CBLs and sensors to develop a mathematical model that describes the various relationships necessary to properly design a parachute for an intended task. (ADVANCED) Problem Workbook, Sample Set D: Coefficients of Friction, ANC This worksheet provides an additional example problem and several practice problems that cover coefficients of friction. Problem Bank, Sample Set D: Coefficients of Friction, OSP This worksheet provides a third example problem and several practice problems that cover coefficients of friction. Problem Workbook, Sample Set E: Overcoming Friction, ANC This worksheet provides an additional example problem and several practice problems that cover overcoming friction. Problem Bank, Sample Set E: Overcoming Friction, OSP This worksheet provides a third example problem and several practice problems that cover overcoming friction. SciLinks, Online Students can visit to find internet resources related to the chapter content. Topic: Friction SciLinks Code:

12 END OF CHAPTER REVIEW AND ASSESSMENT PACING Regular Schedule: with lab(s): N/A days without lab(s): 2 days Block Schedule: with lab(s): N/A days without lab(s): 1 days Chapter Highlights, p. 144, SE This page summarizes the vocabulary terms and key concepts of the chapter. Chapter Review, pp , SE Students review the chapter material with review questions, conceptual questions, practice problems, and a mixed review section. Alternative Assessment, p. 149, SE These projects challenge students to apply and extend concepts that they have learned in the chapter. (ADVANCED) Graphing Calculator Practice, p. 149, SE Students program their graphing calculators to create a graph of normal force versus force of static friction to determine what applied force would be necessary to keep objects sliding in various situations. Standardized Test Prep, pp , SE This feature helps students sharpen their testtaking abilities while reviewing the chapter content. Appendix D: Equations, p. 855, SE This appendix summarizes the equations introduced in the chapter. Appendix I: Additional Problems, pp , SE This appendix provides additional mixed practice problems that cover the equations introduced in the chapter. Study Guide, Mixed Review, ANC Students can use this worksheet to review the main concepts of the chapter in preparation for the chapter test. Holt PuzzlePro Use this software to create crossword puzzles and word searches that make learning vocabulary fun. Chapter Test A, ANC Assign this test for general-level chapter assessment. Chapter Test B, ANC Assign this test for advanced-level chapter assessment. (ADVANCED) Test Generator Create a customized homework assignment, quiz, or test using the ExamView Test Generator.