How to give. an IYPT talk

Transcription

1 How to give Today you will learn: 1. What is IYPT and where is it from 2. How US was involved before 3. How to craft physics arguments 4. How to use presentation tricks 5. How to criticize flaws an IYPT talk Andrei Klishin, MIT Physics Dept US IYPT 2015, Phoenixville Area Middle School, March 14,

2 2 Historical landmarks Where are we from Where are we now

3 3 What you got yourself into Participants 40 nations total ca. 30 countries every year dozens of national Tournaments > people involved

4 4 YPT Timeline IYPT st IYPT, Moscow, Russia Evgeny Yunosov invented the format of physics fights and organized the first YPT in USSR My active participation IYNT 2013 Chairman of the IYNT Situation Center IYNT established with the first tournament in Turkey Evgeny Yunosov, The Founding Father

5 5 Brought to you exclusively archive.iypt.org

6 6 Force behind the Archive Ilya Martchenko, Treasurer of IYPT Founding Researcher of IYPT Archive sends his greetings from 23 rd BYPT 2015

7 7 Why I talk about ~March 2014 IYPT 2014 Shrewsbury, UK President of the European Physical Society

8 8 United States at IYPT: Origins List of participants at 3 rd IYPT June 7-14, 1990 Netherlands USA Hans Jordens (now IPhO President) Jack Wilson (now Prof. UMass)

9 9 The dawn of the days Don t you love having PowerPoints? 3 rd IYPT 1990 Evgeny Yunosov is young!

10 10 US participation Teamleaders: Hugh Haskell, Don Franklin, Tengiz Bibilashvili (formerly from Georgia)

11 11 USAYPT acknowledgement USAYPT acknowledged in 2005 Never revoked Holds US Invt l YPT since 2008

12 12 US breakoff 2008

13 13 Core features since 1979 Physics Fights (физбои) 17 open-ended research-oriented problems Reporter-Opponent-Reviewer

14 14 The Good Company I am happy to support the IYPT since I believe this competition is the best preparation for a good scientist. Klaus von Klitzing 1985 Nobel Prize winner in Physics The IYPT impresses me. Herwig Schopper CERN, 10th Director General

15 15 What I learned in IYPT Giving talks and leading discussions Designing presentations Doing prolonged research Organizing fuzzy projects and most projects are fuzzy Working with people who don't want to work

16 16 What about IPhO? IPhO 2010 in Zagreb, Croatia

17 17 What I learned in IPhO Giving talks and leading discussions Crunching math and schemes Designing presentations Writing out derivations Doing prolonged research Rapid concentrating Organizing fuzzy projects and most projects are fuzzy Taking exams Working with people who don't want to work Working with eh

18 18 And now the next layer 17 problems in physics + biology, chemistry, math etc. Participants aged Chairman of IYNT Situation Center since Jan 2015 What I learned in IYNT? Creating a stable organization out of nothing Outreaching to the world and summoning an audience

19 19 Giving talks The Right and the Why

20 20 How do people give talks? 1. Problem statement Because we start with a given problem 2. Experimental setup Because we built a really great machine 3. TheoreticalMathematical model model Because math rules and we know fancy function names 4. Lots of experiments Because there are 4 parameters and we varied them all 5. Theory and experiment comparison Because our plots bend in the same direction 6. Conclusions Because my teamlead told me so 7. References Because they will complain if I don t have this slide

21 21 What you want to say You gave me a problem. I solved it. Here is how.

22 22 Think about your audience They want to believe you. Don t make them do your work. Can you be organized and energetic? Be!

23 23 Crafting an argument Making physics talk Being proud of right things

24 24 Crafting a physics argument We see the problem We think it s explained with this theory Argument: We built the appropriate setup We suggest this theory We made a series of experiments Experiment and theory fit Conclusion: Effect is indeed explained with this theory

25 25 What are you proud of? Doing scientific work is hard, but Making good conclusions is REALLY hard

26 26 Which article do you trust? Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt new! invention! ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation discovery! ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute innovation! irure dolor reprehenderit new! in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat new! non proident, invention! sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor 280mph incididunt new! ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim [4-8] veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo Jeans consequat Duis aute [15] irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat innovation! nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia Kardar deserunt et mollit al. anim 1985 id est laborum. Let s be honest. You didn t invent ALL of it. But you invented something!

27 27 Explanation tricks Trick 1: Thin down/skip/gloss over Trick 2: Walk-through Trick 3: Dichotomies

28 28 Perception of many objects You are a performer Make them see what you want them to see

29 One bad plot what do you see? 29

30 30 What I wanted you to see I see one line Graphical collapse of data I see a number with uncertainty Numerical collapse of data

31 31 Trick 1 Gloss over data Thin down data Skip analysis

32 32 Muon decay halflife Start signal Stop signal ~3 ns pulses 100 ns pulses ~ % of time is occupied with pulses ~0.35 counts/s

33 33 Fine structure splitting Δλ = ± 0.010A ΔE = ± mev ΔE NIST = ± mev λ 1 λ 2 Background noise

34 34 Trick 2 Show the whole scheme/plot. Use animations. Walk through the chain/analysis. Use colored takeaway points. Show new information.

35 35 Detecting hydrogen lines 3p 3s 7s 3p I line I background ~10 3 I line I background ~1.6

36 36 Testing SR time dilation Muons born t muon (β) = h βc 1 β 2 at v c =0.997 ~10 km t lab 17τ t muon 1.3τ β τ = Muons stop and decay Only muons from this region are observed at ground level

37 37 Trick 3 Break the slide in two halves. Each half has few of objects. Halves complement each other.

38 38 On math Calculating magnet s field 1. Bio-Savart law Use Heaviside step fn 2. Fourier transform 3. Integral in Fourier space Use Bessel fns 4. Fourier transform back 5. Plot the field Premise Proud in a physics talk Conclusion Thin down/ skip

39 39 On results and uncertainties e = (1.21 ± 0.25) C vs e est = C k = (26.61 ± 0.57) J K vs k est = J K Uncertainties tell if your argument succeeds or fails.

40 40 Conclusions Don t surprise me Your theory is correct and is supported by experiment.

41 41 How much of it? In a normal talk, 1-2 minutes per slide. In IYPT, 1-2 slides per minute. Use tricks!

42 42 Common courtesies Section delimiters Outline Slide numbers

43 43 How to critique a presentation In the end, was it a good talk? You d better decide

44 44 Attacking a physics argument Effect is observed Suggested explanation Setup Theory Experiments Correspondence Conclusion Does it capture all the effects? Are the assumptions true? Are uncertainties correct? Is convergence reasonable? Are the arguments sufficient to justify the conclusion? This is the Battleship game you can t sink the argument with one shot

45 45 Thanks for your attention! You know you did cool work. They don t know. Yet.