SUBJECT INDEX. Acceleration-amplification factor 286 Aerodynamic data 316 Aeroelastic 377 Arch structure 91

Transcription

1 SUBJECT INDEX Acceleration-amplification factor 286 Aerodynamic data 316 Aeroelastic 377 Arch structure 91 Bandwidth parameter 141 Basic variables 7 Bayesian model 39 Bayesian variable 43 Bayes' theorem 175 Bias errors 268 Branching and bounding 533 Buildings actions 581 structures 581 Case failure probability 338 Cause of failure 229 C.E.B.-F.I.P. model code 369, 541 Checking efficiency 456 Codes 221, 331, 351,600, 603 Coefficient of variation 9 Collapse mechanism 529 Columns 541 Compliance control 366, 373 Compliance criteria 365, 372 Component reliability 174, 183 Composite fragilities 283 Concrete strength 365 structures 541 Conditional bounding 45 Contract 221 Control 215 Controlling 454 Control system 560 Convex polyhedral safe set 14, 18 Correlation coefficient 8 conditional 73 Correlation matrix 9 Coulomb soil 567 Covariance 8 function 34, 109, 121 Crack length distribution 404 propagation 406 Crane barge operations 499 Crossing frequency combined 160 step function approximation 162 Crossing theory 36, 57 Cumulative damage 426 process 177

2 644 Cut sets minimal 181 systems 195 Cyclic loadings 310 Damage accumulation 177 Data scatter 258 Decision making 500 Decision theory 595 Deformation states 198 Design criteria 595, 597 error 229 error models 230 life 218 lifetime 554 loads 465, 467 methods 391 point 31 rules 453 wave prediction 352 Deteriorating resistances 399 structures 399 Development of codes 351 Differential settlement 245 Distributions asymptotic properties 583 discrete 22 Gamma 581 Gaussian 581 Poisson 24 Rayleigh 427 Weibull177 Ductile structures 526 Duplicative redundancy 509 Dynamic amplification factor 291 analysis 426 behaviour 426 loads 425 Earth dams, reliability of 477 Earth slopes 487 Earthquake 413 loading 489, 490 Eigenfrequency, natural 106 Elastoplastic failure 402 fracture 410 structures 445 Embankment stability 238 Engineering judgement 43 Envelopes concept 138 conjugate function 144 derivative 141 double 149 upcrossings 157 Ergonomics 454 Error computational 459 decimal 459 gross 23,45,457 human 75,225,453,557,559,560 process models 232 random 457 round-off 459 systematic 457 Ertropy 516 Event trees 182, 563, 564 Equivalent hyperplanes 189 plane 190 Expectation concept 7 function 34 Factors of safety 271 Failure concept 279 domain 174 events 180, 453 modes 290, 446, 525,527, 528 path 529 point 12, 14, 20, 187, 188 process 177 set 6 surface 6 Failure probability 174, 492 approximation 188 bounds 446 computation 448

3 645 Fatigue analysis 425, 426 cracks 399 damage 426, 428, 430 Fault trees 182, 288,455,563 Filter models 230 First-crossing 178, 491 First-passage density 152, 162 problem 152 Flaws 399 size distribution 400 Formulation space physical 4 transformed 6 FOSM methods 18 Fracture mechanics 400 Fragility 305 curve 280, 283,285, 292 Frames 303, 525 Frequentist fragilities 287, 292 interpretation 281 Gamma distribution 581 Gaussian distribution, inverse 177 process 61, 427 Geotechnical data analysis 257 profile estimation 237 reliability analysis 237 uncertainty 257 Gross errors 23, 45, 457 Gross human error 553, 557 Ground acceleration 307 Hazard 96, 305 function 176 scenario 558 Human error 175, 225, 453, 557,559,560. analysis 455 in design 457 Human factor engineering 454 Hydrodynamic loads 352 Impact onto soil 337 Indicator functions 59 Inclusion-exclusion series 159 Instrument bias 520 Jacket structures 426, 433 Jump process 78 Lagrangian interpolation surface 191 Level-crossing 491, 493 Life distribution 217 Lifetime prediction 554, 558 Limit state surface 6, 175 Linear interpolation, outcrossings 58 Linear regression 9, 12 Load factors 325 Loads modelling 85, 351 permanent 581 variable 581 Marine growth 356 Markov chain model 406 process 503 Matrix damping 105 mass 105 stiffness 105 Mean value 7 Mechanism formation 527 Member behaviour 307 Meteorological data 316 Modal response 108 Model tests 378 uncertainty 40, 257, 329 Modified Taylor expansion 48 Modulated excitation 122 Monitoring 454 Monotonic loading 308 Monte Carlo techniques 449 Morison formula 355 Multi-normal integral 193 Narrow band process, upcrossings 156 Natural conjugate distribution 40 n-combination problem 31

4 646 Nonfrequentist interpretation 281 Nonstationary behaviour 413 Normal density function 9 Normal distribution, bivariate 15 Normal tail approximation 22, 24, 31 Normal vector process, clipped 76 Normalized process 139 Number of upcrossings 60 OC-lines 365 boundary 369 Office buildings 582 Offshore structures 351,425,426,613 Optimization of structures 559 Origin projection point 13 Outcrossing 57, 178 Outcrossing rate, interpolation 61 Parameter uncertainty 257,511 Perfect ductile material 20 Perfect elastic-brittle material 201 Physical uncertainty 38 Pierson-Moskowitz spectrum 430 Plastic analysis 528 Plasticity theory 567 Point crossing formula 77, 82 Poisson process 177 square wave process 62 Power spectra 109_ 110 Probabilistic analysis 282 design 218 Probability bound on unions 15 distribution transformation 185 space 5, 58 Process conjugate 145 Poisson 154 uncertain 33 Product correlation coefficients 47 Professional judgement 45 Progressive failure 491 failure factor 492 Psychomotor 454 Quality assurance 219, 220, 558 control 215, 222 definition 216 nature 216 Rackwitz-Fiessler algorithm 31 Rayleigh distribution 427 Random field 494, 495 measurement error 262 variable 5 Redundant structures 198 Reliability analysis 371, 373 analysis geotechnical 237 assessment 463 concepts 1 index 4, 12, 14, 17,20,72,73,431 offshore structures, 351, 613 theory 21 Regression surface 191 Response analysis 103, 108, 109 surfaces 191 Rice's formula 66 Risk analysis 247 management 233 Rockfilled dams 279 Rosenblatt transformation 32 Safe set concept 6 linearization 184 quadratic approximation 184 Safety index 184, 189,461 margin 2, 7, 446 Sample process 516 Second moment theory 4 Seismic fragility, characterization 305 fragility, curve 279 intensity 279 loads 487, 489 reliability 487 safety 279, 303

5 647 Set algebra 181 Set process, random 58 Service life of structures 554, 555 prediction 553 Service load uncertainty 257 SHANSEP270 Ships, design loads 465 Simplified Bishop method 282 Simulation 449 Size effects 567 Slabs reinforced concrete 391 reliability of 391 Slopes failure 487, 494, 495,496 safety 477 seismic reliability 487 stability 487, 488 Small probability method 195 Sodo-economic optimization 455 Soil structures 567 Spatial variability 259, 567 Spectral analysis 426 density matrix 109 moments 115, 127 Stand-by redundancy 202 Standard deviation 7 Standards 221 Statistical correlation 465 uncertainty 39 Stochastic loading 413 model 414 process 581 Stormsurge barrier 561 Stress variations 429 Structural failure 173, 227,425 quality 215, 225 reliability 173, 509 response 377, 385,415 safety 541, 598 uncertainty 265 Structure, linear 105 Studentized statistics 605 Survival probability 154 System coherent 180 ductile 447 failure 531 fragility 311 parallel 21, 181 reliability 180, 192 series 20, 180 Systems deterministic 305 uncertainty 306 Tail sensitivity 4, 36 Task analysis 457 Tides 356 Tie sets, minimal 181 Total representation theorem 572 Transient behaviour of filter 413 load 76. response 118 Transportation of fuel casks 337 Two state component 180 Uncertain fields 570 modelling 351, 570 quantities 4 trajectory 35 Uncertainty 307 algebra 4 analysis 357 Unexpected events 563, 564 Upcrossing rate 153,494 Variance 7 Vector process 57, 58 Vertical pile,loading 358 Vessel flanges 509 Visual inspection 454 Water current velocity 355 Water particle kinematics 354 Weibull distribution 177, 427

6 648 White noise approximation 132 excitation 126 modulated 130 Wind loading 315 Wind speed contour 321 Wind tunnel tests 316, 677 Zero-one random variables 59

7 649 LIST OF PARTICIPANTS SCIENTIFIC DIRECTOR P. Thof't Christensen, Aalborg University Centre, Aalborg, Denmark ORGANIZING COMMI'ITEE C. A. Cornell, Stanford University, Stanford, California, U.S.A. O. Ditlevsen, Danish Engineering Academy, Lyngby, Denmark N. C. Lind, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada P. Thoft Christensen, AalborgUniversity Centre, Aalborg, Denmark LECTURERS G. B. Baecher, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Mass., U.S.A. M. J. Baker, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom W. Bosshard, DUbendorf, Switzerland C. A. Cornell, Stanford University-,-Stanford, California, U.S.A. A. G. Davenport~ University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada o. Ditlevsen, Danish Engineering Academy, Lyngby,.Denmark S. Krenk, Ris0 National Laboratory, Roskilde, Denmark N. C. Lind, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada R. Rackwitz, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Fed. Rep. of Germany D. Veneziano, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Cambridge, Mass., U.S.A. PARTICIPANTS G. Andersen, Cowiconsult, Virum, Denmark O. Bach-Gansmo, Det Norske Veritas, H0vik, Norway F. Beck, HILTI International, Schaan, Liechtenstein B. Berggren, Statens Geotekniska Institut, Linkoping, Sweden P. Bjerager, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark M. Bj0rge, Norwegian Institute of Technology, Trondheim, Norway

8 650 F. Braga, Istituto di Scienza delle Costruzioni, Rome, Italy O. Christensen, Bagsvrerd, Denmark M. Dolce, Istituto di Scienza delle Costruzioni, Rome, Italy C. M. Ferregut-Avila, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada G. Ferro, Registro Italiano Navale, Genova, Italy R. O. Foschi, Forintek Canada Corp., Vancouver B. C., Canada M. H. Gomes, Universidade da Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal S. Gravesen, Technical University of Denmilrk, Lyngby, Denmark M. Grimmelt, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Fed. Rep. of Germany B. Hansen, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark L. P. Hansen, Aalborg University Centre, Aalborg, Denmark A. B. Hill, Glasgow University, Glasgow, United Kingdom E. Hjorth-Hansen, Norwegian Institute of Technology, Trondheim, Norway I. J. Jordaan, Det Norske Veritas Canada Ltd., Calgary,. Alberta, Canada H. Karadeniz, University of Technology, Delft, The Ne~herlands A. N. Kinkead, Safety & Reliability Directorate, Cheshire, United Kingdom A. D. Kiureghian, University of California, Berkeley, California, U.S.A. O. Klingmilller, Bilfinger-Berger Bau-AG, Mannheim, Fed. Rep. of Germany I. Langen, SINTEF, Trondheim, Norway P. C. S. Lee, Det Norske Veritas, H0vik, Norway B. J. Leira, SINTEF, Trondheim, Norway H. O. Madsen, Det Norske Veritas, H0vik, Norway P. H. Madsen, Ris0 National Laboratory, Roskilde, Denmark R. E. Melchers, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia K. Melikoglu, Cankaya, Ankara, Turkey M. Menegotto, Istituto di Scienza delle Costruzioni, Rome, Italy Y. Murotsu, University of Osaka Prefecture, Sakai, Osaka, Japan M. Nessim, The University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada L. Olsson, Royal Inst. of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden G. Oswald, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Fed. Rep. of Germany K. Ramachandran, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom A. Rathkjen, Aalborg University Centre, Aalborg, Denmark A. W. F. Reij,L Rijkswaterstaat, Structural Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands A. Sarja, Technical Research Centre, Espoo, Finland R. Scherer, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Fed. Rep. of Germany U. Schomburg, Institut f. Techn. Mechanik, Aachen, Fed. Rep. of Germany R. Skjong, Det Norske Veritas, H0vik, Norway C. G. Soares, Norwegian Institute of Technology, Trondheim, Norway V. Solana-Gomez, Instituto»E. Torrojru), Chamartin, Madrid, Spain W. T. Springer, University of Arkansas, Faycetteville, AR, U.S.A. R. J. Stubbs, Nuclear Installations Inspectorate, Millbank, London, United Kingdom J. D. S0rensen, Aalborg University Centre, Aalborg, Denmark L. Taerwe, Ghent State University, Gent (Zwijnaarde), Belgium

9 A. v. d. Toom, Rijkswaterstaat, Locks and Weirs Division, Utrecht, The Netherlands M. Vargas, Sao Paulo, S. P., Brazil A. H. S. Wickham, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom H. J. Wingender, Hanau, Federal Republic of Germany K. - J. Witt, University of Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Federal Republic of Germany E. Yarimer, University College, London, United Kingdom S. M. YUcemen, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey C. Ostergaard, Germanischer Lloyd, Hamburg, Federal Republic of Germany 651