Random Lasers - Physics & Application
|
|
- Susan Shepherd
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Random Lasers - Physics & Application HuiCao Depts. of Applied Physics & Physics, Yale University Group members Jonathan Andreasen Yong Ling Bo Liu Heeso Noh Brandon Redding Xiaohua Wu Junying Xu Alexey Yamilov Jin-Kyu Yang Northwestern Univ. Robert P. H. Chang Eric Seelig Xiang Liu Yale Univ. Michael Choma Doug Stone, Li Ge Michael Rooks
2 Laser Essential components for a laser Gain medium Cavity Light amplification Coherent feedback Mirror Gain medium Mirror R 1 2gL R e 2 Threshold R R 1 Resonance 1 2e 2 L 2 m k c
3 Laser Essential components for a laser Gain medium Cavity Light amplification Coherent feedback Mirror Gain medium Mirror R 1 Scattered light R 2
4 Laser Essential components for a laser Gain medium Cavity Light amplification Coherent feedback Mirror Gain medium Mirror R 1 Many scatterers R 2
5 Laser Essential components for a laser Gain medium Cavity Light amplification Coherent feedback Gain medium Mirrorless laser
6 Outline Why? What? So what?
7 Laser Essential components for a laser Gain medium Light amplification Cavity Coherent feedback Mirror Gain medium Mirror R 1 R 2 Lasing frequency 2 L 2 m k c
8 Laser with Scattering Reflector Scattering medium Ruby crystals Mirror Nicolay Basov Non-Resonant Feedback Lasing Threshold 2gL 1 2e g R R 1 Ambartsumyan, Basov, Kryukov, and Letokhov, IEEE J. Quantum Electron (1966) Vladilen Letokhov
9 Photonic Bomb Instability for Amplification of Spontaneous Emission (ASE) Average path length of photon exceeds amplification length Photon multiplication Letokhov, Sov. Phys. JETP 26, 1109 (1968)
10 Lasing in Diffusive Mode ), ( ), ( ), ( t r W l v t r W D t r W Diffusion equation t l v D B n n g n e r a t r W ) ( 2 ) ( ), ( ), ( ), ( l t g Solution n 0 ), ( ), ( 2 t r B t r n n n Diffusive mode Smallest eigenvalue L B 1 ~ g l t l g l v D B Critical volume 3 3 g t V cr L
11 Laser Paint Lawandy, Balachandran, Gomes & Sauvain, Nature 368, 436 (1994)
12 Light Diffusion, Absorption, Emission, and Amplification Pump light and probe light in 4-level atomic media Wiersma & Lagendijk, Phys. Rev. E 54, 4256 (1997)
13 Biological Random Laser Random laser action in dye-treated animal tissues Siddique, Yang, Wang, & Alfano, Optics Commun. 117, 475 (1995)
14 ZnO Nanorods 1m HC et al, Appl. Phys. Lett. 73, 3656 (1998); Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 2278 (1999)
15 Field/Amplitude Feedback After multiple l scattering, light returns to a coherence volume it visited before. Interference of backscattered light determines the lasing frequencies. Feedback for lasing is phase sensitive (coherent) and therefore frequency dependent (resonant).
16 Electromagnetic Mode Maxwell s equations ), ( 1 ), ( 0 t r E t t r H ), ( ) ( 1 ), ( 2 0 t r H r n t t r E t ) ( Complex refractive index i n r in n Boundary condition: only outgoing waves HC et al, Phys. Rev. E, 61, 1985 (2000)
17 Lasing in Quasi-Mode Rate equations for 4-level atoms dn dt dn dt dn dt N 1 2 WpN N N N N E dp l dt E dp dt l Pump W p Laser Transition ω l dn dt N 4 4 WpN1 43 Polarization equation 2 d P dp 2 l l P 2 dt dt N 2 N 3 E Jiang & Soukoulis, Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 70 (2000)
18 Localized Modes Mode Pattern Spectrum Vanneste & Sebbah, Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, (2001)
19 ZnO Powder Average particle diameter ~ 100 nm C E C E (x) ( x) E * ( x') E( x x') dx' Exponential decay length hd = m x (m) HC et al, Phys. Rev. E 66, R25601 (2002)
20 Porous GaP k l t 6 van der Molen et al, Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, (2007)
21 Dependence of Lasing on Amount of Scattering PMMA doped with rhodamine dye and TiO 2 particles J) mp pulse eshold ( cident pum rgy at thr Inc ener = 620 nm Numbe er of lasing modes l (m) l Ling et al., Phys. Rev. A 64, (2001)
22 Weak Scattering System Dye solution with scattering particles k l 1 Amplification of spatially extended modes in random media Mujumdar et al, Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, (2004)
23 Overlapping Resonances Thouless number N T 1 Excitation spectrum of a passive system Resonances are strongly overlapped spatially and Spectra al Intensity (a.u u.) spectrally Wavelength (nm)
24 Coherent Lasing Mode Lasing spectrum Lasing Mode Pattern Max ensity (a.u.) Spectral Int Wavelength (nm) Laser Field Amplitude Min Vanneste, Sebbah & HC, Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, (2007).
25 Amplification Enhances Interference Effect Returning field E = E 1 + E 2 + L 1 In the absence of gain L 1 < L 2 E 1 > E 2 L 2 Weak interference In the presence of gain Longer path, more amplification E 1 ~ E 2 Stronger interference
26 Lasing in Extended and dlocalized dmodes Microscopically defined fields of ZnO nanoparticles Spectrally and spatially emission Fallert et al., Nature Photonics, 3, 279 (2009)
27 1D Localization Laser pump p emission Milner & Genack, Phys. Rev. Lett. 73, (2005)
28 Short-Range Disorder Short-range, abrupt change of refractive index scatters light Wave optics
29 Long-Range Disorder Long-range, smooth variation of refractive index deflects light Geometric optics - ray trajectories Open trajectory Closed trajectory Exp Vardeny, Polson, Tulek et al. Theory Apalkov, Raikh & Shapiro kl 2 m k 2 L
30 What is new? How random lasers differ from conventional lasers?
31 Non-Uniform Pumping Absorption outside pump region reduces effective size of random structure by suppressing feedback from unpumped region, creating localized lasing modes. Yamilov et al., Opt. Lett. 30, 2430 (2005)
32 Creation of New Lasing Mode 1D weakly scattering random structure No absorption outside the gain region Neglect gain saturation and mode competition Andreasen & HC, Opt. Lett (2009); Phys. Rev. A 81, (2010)
33 Directional Output Diffusive system Ballistic system Use spatial inhomogeneous pumping p profile to achieve desired output directionality in the weakly scattering samples. Li Ge, PhD thesis, Yale (2010)
34 Directional Laser Emission Local pumping of weakly scattering samples Cone shaped pump volume Angular distribution of output t intensity it Integra ted Emission Inten nsity (a. u.) Laser emission 100 m 0 Spontaneous emission Detection Angle (degree) Wu & HC, Phys. Rev. A 74, (2006)
35 How coherent is random laser emission? First order coherence field correlation Second-order order coherence intensity correlation
36 Temporal Coherence δz Temporal coherence length is determined by spectral bandwidth of laser emission 2 2ln2 z ct c Noginov et al, Opt. Mater. 12, 127 (1999); Papadakis et al, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 24, 31 (2010)
37 Young s double slit experiment Spatial Coherence
38 Tailoring Spatial Coherence by Varying Pump Region MFP=500 μm d=215 μm γ = μm Wavelength (nm) MFP=500 μm d=290 μm γ = μm Wavelength (nm) MFP=500 μm d=390 μm γ = μm Wavelength (nm)
39 Tailoring Spatial Coherence by Changing g Scattering Strength Weaker scattering MFP=500 μm d=215 μm γ = μm Wavelength (nm) MFP=50 μm d=215 μm Stronger scattering γ = μm Wavelength (nm) B. Redding, M. Choma, & HC, Opt. Lett. 36, 3404 (2011).
40 Second-Order Coherence Emission intensity or photon number fluctuations G 2 I 2 2 I I Single-mode coherent light: G 2 1 Single-mode chaotic light: G 2 2
41 Emission Statistics of Nonresonant Feedback Laser Fluctuation of total emission is suppressed by gain saturation. ti Intensity fluctuation of a single mode remains large due to mode coupling. G 2 2 Ambartsumyan et al. Sov. Phys. JETP 26, 1109 (1968)
42 Photon Statistics of Diffusive Random Laser A collection of low-q cavities coupled by photon diffusion gain spectrum Florescu & John, Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, (2004); Phys. Rev. E 69, (2004)
43 Photon Statistics of Random Laser with Resonant Feedback ngth (nm) Wavele G Time (ps) P/P th HC et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 4524 (2001); G. Zacharakis et al. Opt. Lett. 25, 923 (2000).
Workshop on Coherent Phenomena in Disordered Optical Systems May Random Laser - Physics & Application
2583-14 Workshop on Coherent Phenomena in Disordered Optical Systems 26-30 May 2014 Random Laser - Physics & Application Hui CAO Depts. of Applied Physics and Physics Yale University New Haven. U.S.A Random
More informationRandom Lasers With Coherent Feedback
IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS, VOL. 9, NO. 1, JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2003 111 Random Lasers With Coherent Feedback Hui Cao, Junying Y. Xu, Yong Ling, Alexander L. Burin, Eric W. Seeling,
More informationDevelopment, Features and Applications
Random LASERS Development, Features and Applications Hui Cao The random laser differs from other types of laser in that its cavity is formed not by mirrors but by multiple scattering in a disordered gain
More informationWAVE INTERFERENCES IN RANDOM LASERS
WAVE INTERFERENCES IN RANDOM LASERS Philippe Jacquod U of Arizona P. Stano and Ph. Jacquod, Nature Photonics (2013) What is a laser? Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation Three main components
More informationRandom lasing in closely packed resonant scatterers
Wu et al. Vol. 21, No. 1/January 2004/J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 159 Random lasing in closely packed resonant scatterers Xiaohua H. Wu, Alexey Yamilov, Heeso Noh, and Hui Cao Department of Physics and Astronomy,
More informationRANDOM LASER IN DISORDERED SOLUTIONS
The Pennsylvania State University The Graduate School Department of Electrical Engineering RANDOM LASER IN DISORDERED SOLUTIONS A Thesis in Electrical Engineering by Rong Tang 2017 Rong Tang Submitted
More informationLight diffusion with gain and random lasers
PHYSICAL REVIEW E VOLUME 54, NUMBER 4 OCTOBER 1996 Light diffusion with gain and random lasers Diederik S. Wiersma * FOM-Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics, Kruislaan 407, 1098 SJ Amsterdam, The
More informationThe physics and applications of random lasers
The physics and applications of random lasers Recent developments in the field of micro and nanophotonics have shown that it is possible to make use of the intrinsic disorder in photonic materials to create
More informationRandom Laser Emission at Dual Wavelengths in a. Donor-Acceptor Dye Mixture Solution
Random Laser Emission at Dual Wavelengths in a Donor-Acceptor Dye Mixture Solution SUNITA KEDIA, * SUCHARITA SINHA Laser and Plasma Technology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 4 85, India
More informationThe Generation of Ultrashort Laser Pulses
The Generation of Ultrashort Laser Pulses The importance of bandwidth More than just a light bulb Two, three, and four levels rate equations Gain and saturation But first: the progress has been amazing!
More informationAll-optically controllable random laser based on a dye-doped polymer-dispersed liquid crystal with nano-sized droplets
All-optically controllable random laser based on a dye-doped polymer-dispersed liquid crystal with nano-sized droplets C.-R. Lee, 1, * S.-H. Lin, 1 C.-H. Guo, 1 S.-H. Chang, 1 T.-S. Mo, 2 and S.-C. Chu
More informationREAL-TIME SPECTROSCOPY OF SOLID-STATE RANDOM LASERS
REAL-TIME SPECTROSCOPY OF SOLID-STATE RANDOM LASERS J. FERNÁNDEZ*, S. GARCÍA-REVILLA, R. BALDA Dpto. Física Aplicada I, Escuela Superior de Ingenieros, Alda. Urquijo s/n 483 Bilbao, Spain Centro Física
More informationLast Lecture. Overview and Introduction. 1. Basic optics and spectroscopy. 2. Lasers. 3. Ultrafast lasers and nonlinear optics
Last Lecture Overview and Introduction 1. Basic optics and spectroscopy. Lasers 3. Ultrafast lasers and nonlinear optics 4. Time-resolved spectroscopy techniques Jigang Wang, Feb, 009 Today 1. Spectroscopy
More informationContinuous-wave amplification and light storage in optically and electrically pumped random laser media
B. Li and S. C. Rand Vol. 24, No. 4/April 2007/J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 799 Continuous-wave amplification and light storage in optically and electrically pumped random laser media Bin Li and Stephen C. Rand
More informationRandom Laser of R6G Dye and TiO 2 Nanoparticles Doped in PMMA Polymer
Advances in Materials Physics and Chemistry, 211, 1, 2-25 doi:1.4236/ampc.211.124 Published Online September 211 (http://www.scirp.org/journal/ampc) Random Laser of R6G Dye and TiO 2 Nanoparticles Doped
More informationStatistical regimes of random laser fluctuations
Statistical regimes of random laser fluctuations Stefano Lepri Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi ISC-CNR Firenze S. Cavalieri, G.-L. Oppo, D.S. Wiersma Stefano Lepri (ISC-CNR) Random laser fluctuations 1
More informationThe objective of this project has been to develop new generations of random lasers based on inorganic particle - polymer nanocomposites.
Nanocomposite Random Lasers K. Piperaki, A. Stasinopoulos, D. Anglos, S. H. Anastasiadis, R. N. Das, and E. P. Giannelis Foundation for Research & Technology - Hellas (FO.R.T.H.) Institute of Electronic
More informationHomework 1. Property LASER Incandescent Bulb
Homework 1 Solution: a) LASER light is spectrally pure, single wavelength, and they are coherent, i.e. all the photons are in phase. As a result, the beam of a laser light tends to stay as beam, and not
More informationSUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
Supplementary Information Speckle-free laser imaging using random laser illumination Brandon Redding 1*, Michael A. Choma 2,3*, Hui Cao 1,4* 1 Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven,
More informationRandom lasing from granular surface of waveguide with blends of PS and PMMA
Random lasing from granular surface of waveguide with blends of PS and PMMA Xuanke Zhao, 1,2 Zhaoxin Wu, 1,* Shuya Ning, 1 Shixiong Liang, 1 Dawei Wang, 1 Xun Hou 1 1 Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology
More informationMODERN OPTICS. P47 Optics: Unit 9
MODERN OPTICS P47 Optics: Unit 9 Course Outline Unit 1: Electromagnetic Waves Unit 2: Interaction with Matter Unit 3: Geometric Optics Unit 4: Superposition of Waves Unit 5: Polarization Unit 6: Interference
More informationModern optics Lasers
Chapter 13 Phys 322 Lecture 36 Modern optics Lasers Reminder: Please complete the online course evaluation Last lecture: Review discussion (no quiz) LASER = Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of
More informationBright Storage of Light
Bright Storage of Light Stephen C. Rand The author describes experiments related not to recent demonstrations of the slowing or stopping of propagating light, but to the direct generation of stationary
More informationOptics of complex micro structures
Optics of complex micro structures dielectric materials λ L disordered partially ordered ordered random multiple scattering liquid crystals quasi crystals (Fibonacci) photonic crystals Assembly of photonic
More informationChapter 13. Phys 322 Lecture 34. Modern optics
Chapter 13 Phys 3 Lecture 34 Modern optics Blackbodies and Lasers* Blackbodies Stimulated Emission Gain and Inversion The Laser Four-level System Threshold Some lasers Pump Fast decay Laser Fast decay
More informationComputer Modelling and Numerical Simulation of the Solid State Diode Pumped Nd 3+ :YAG Laser with Intracavity Saturable Absorber
Copyright 2009 by YASHKIR CONSULTING LTD Computer Modelling and Numerical Simulation of the Solid State Diode Pumped Nd 3+ :YAG Laser with Intracavity Saturable Absorber Yuri Yashkir 1 Introduction The
More informationIntroduction Fundamentals of laser Types of lasers Semiconductor lasers
Introduction Fundamentals of laser Types of lasers Semiconductor lasers Is it Light Amplification and Stimulated Emission Radiation? No. So what if I know an acronym? What exactly is Light Amplification
More informationLasers and Electro-optics
Lasers and Electro-optics Second Edition CHRISTOPHER C. DAVIS University of Maryland III ^0 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS Preface to the Second Edition page xv 1 Electromagnetic waves, light, and lasers 1
More informationAbsorption-Amplification Response with or Without Spontaneously Generated Coherence in a Coherent Four-Level Atomic Medium
Commun. Theor. Phys. (Beijing, China) 42 (2004) pp. 425 430 c International Academic Publishers Vol. 42, No. 3, September 15, 2004 Absorption-Amplification Response with or Without Spontaneously Generated
More informationEngineering Medical Optics BME136/251 Winter 2017
Engineering Medical Optics BME136/251 Winter 2017 Monday/Wednesday 2:00-3:20 p.m. Beckman Laser Institute Library, MSTB 214 (lab) Teaching Assistants (Office hours: Every Tuesday at 2pm outside of the
More informationMulti-cycle THz pulse generation in poled lithium niobate crystals
Laser Focus World April 2005 issue (pp. 67-72). Multi-cycle THz pulse generation in poled lithium niobate crystals Yun-Shik Lee and Theodore B. Norris Yun-Shik Lee is an assistant professor of physics
More informationLaser Physics OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS SIMON HOOKER COLIN WEBB. and. Department of Physics, University of Oxford
Laser Physics SIMON HOOKER and COLIN WEBB Department of Physics, University of Oxford OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS Contents 1 Introduction 1.1 The laser 1.2 Electromagnetic radiation in a closed cavity 1.2.1
More informationLaserphysik. Prof. Yong Lei & Dr. Yang Xu. Fachgebiet Angewandte Nanophysik, Institut für Physik
Laserphysik Prof. Yong Lei & Dr. Yang Xu Fachgebiet Angewandte Nanophysik, Institut für Physik Contact: yong.lei@tu-ilmenau.de; yang.xu@tu-ilmenau.de Office: Heisenbergbau V 202, Unterpörlitzer Straße
More informationModel of quantum stochastic absorption in absorbing disordered media
Model of quantum stochastic absorption in absorbing disordered media Prabhakar Pradhan* Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA Received
More informationNoise in voltage-biased scaled semiconductor laser diodes
Noise in voltage-biased scaled semiconductor laser diodes S. M. K. Thiyagarajan and A. F. J. Levi Department of Electrical Engineering University of Southern California Los Angeles, California 90089-1111
More informationCurrent issues in coherence for small laser sources
Current issues in coherence for small laser sources G.L. Lippi Institut Non Linéaire de Nice Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis and UMR 7335 CNRS with the support of : P.1 Coworkers At the INLN Experiments
More informationNumerical study of amplified spontaneous emission and lasing in random media
PHYSICAL REVIEW A 8, 63835 (1) Numerical study of amplified spontaneous emission and lasing in random media Jonathan Andreasen 1,* and Hui Cao 1, 1 Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven,
More informationB 2 P 2, which implies that g B should be
Enhanced Summary of G.P. Agrawal Nonlinear Fiber Optics (3rd ed) Chapter 9 on SBS Stimulated Brillouin scattering is a nonlinear three-wave interaction between a forward-going laser pump beam P, a forward-going
More informationQuantum Optics in Photonic Crystals. Peter Lodahl Dept. of Communications, Optics & Materials (COM) Technical University of Denmark
Quantum Optics in Photonic Crystals Peter Lodahl Dept. of Communications, Optics & Materials (COM) Technical University of Denmark Acknowledgements AMOLF Institute Amsterdam / University of Twente Ivan
More informationOptoelectronics ELEC-E3210
Optoelectronics ELEC-E3210 Lecture 3 Spring 2017 Semiconductor lasers I Outline 1 Introduction 2 The Fabry-Pérot laser 3 Transparency and threshold current 4 Heterostructure laser 5 Power output and linewidth
More information4 FEL Physics. Technical Synopsis
4 FEL Physics Technical Synopsis This chapter presents an introduction to the Free Electron Laser (FEL) physics and the general requirements on the electron beam parameters in order to support FEL lasing
More informationOptical beams and resonators
Optical beams and resonators Introduction on transverse modes in optical resonators Laser Physics course SK341X, 2015 Anne-Lise Viotti Lasers, A. E. Siegman, 1986. Contents Introduction Optical resonators
More information22. Lasers. Stimulated Emission: Gain. Population Inversion. Rate equation analysis. Two-level, three-level, and four-level systems
. Lasers Stimulated Emission: Gain Population Inversion Rate equation analysis Two-level, three-level, and four-level systems What is a laser? LASER: Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation
More informationOptical Spectroscopy of Advanced Materials
Phys 590B Condensed Matter Physics: Experimental Methods Optical Spectroscopy of Advanced Materials Basic optics, nonlinear and ultrafast optics Jigang Wang Department of Physics, Iowa State University
More informationChapter9. Amplification of light. Lasers Part 2
Chapter9. Amplification of light. Lasers Part 06... Changhee Lee School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Seoul National Univ. chlee7@snu.ac.kr /9 9. Stimulated emission and thermal radiation The
More informationWaveguiding-assisted random lasing in epitaxial ZnO thin film
Waveguiding-assisted random lasing in epitaxial ZnO thin film P.-H. Dupont a), C. Couteau a)*, D. J. Rogers b), F. Hosseini Téhérani b), and G. Lérondel a) a) Laboratoire de Nanotechnologie et d Instrumentation
More informationBroadly tunable high-power random fibre laser
Broadly tunable high-power random fibre laser Sergey A. Babin a, Atalla E. El-Taher b, Paul Harper b, Evgeniy V. Podivilov a, Sergei K. Turitsyn b a Institute of Automation and Electrometry, 1, Ac. Koptuyg
More informationFigure 1 Relaxation processes within an excited state or the ground state.
Excited State Processes and Application to Lasers The technology of the laser (Light Amplified by Stimulated Emission of Radiation) was developed in the early 1960s. The technology is based on an understanding
More informationAll-optically controllable nanoparticle random laser in a well-aligned laser-dye-doped liquid crystal
Vol. 24, No. 25 12 Dec 2016 OPTICS EXPRESS 28739 All-optically controllable nanoparticle random laser in a well-aligned laser-dye-doped liquid crystal CHI-HUANG CHANG, 1,2 CHIE-TONG KUO, 3 HAN-YING SUN,
More informationA STUDY OF DYNAMIC CHARACTERIZATIONS OF GaAs/ALGaAs SELF-ASSEMBLED QUANTUM DOT LASERS
Romanian Reports in Physics, Vol. 63, No. 4, P. 1061 1069, 011 A STUDY OF DYNAMIC CHARACTERIZATIONS OF GaAs/ALGaAs SELF-ASSEMBLED QUANTUM DOT LASERS H. ARABSHAHI Payame Nour University of Fariman, Department
More informationMaterialwissenschaft und Nanotechnologie. Introduction to Lasers
Materialwissenschaft und Nanotechnologie Introduction to Lasers Dr. Andrés Lasagni Lehrstuhl für Funktionswerkstoffe Sommersemester 007 1-Introduction to LASER Contents: Light sources LASER definition
More informationA microring multimode laser using hollow polymer optical fibre
PRAMANA c Indian Academy of Sciences Vol. 75, No. 5 journal of November 2010 physics pp. 923 927 A microring multimode laser using hollow polymer optical fibre M KAILASNATH, V P N NAMPOORI and P RADHAKRISHNAN
More informationTowards the Lasing Spaser: Controlling. Metamaterial Optical Response with Semiconductor. Quantum Dots
Towards the Lasing Spaser: Controlling Metamaterial Optical Response with Semiconductor Quantum Dots E. Plum, V. A. Fedotov, P. Kuo, D. P. Tsai, and N. I. Zheludev,, Optoelectronics Research Centre, University
More informationChapter 2 Optical Transitions
Chapter 2 Optical Transitions 2.1 Introduction Among energy states, the state with the lowest energy is most stable. Therefore, the electrons in semiconductors tend to stay in low energy states. If they
More informationNeodymium Laser Q-Switched with a Cr 4+ : YAG Crystal: Control over Polarization State by Exterior Weak Resonant Radiation
Laser Physics, Vol., No.,, pp. 46 466. Original Text Copyright by Astro, Ltd. Copyright by MAIK Nauka /Interperiodica (Russia). SOLID STATE LASERS AND NONLINEAR OPTICS Neodymium Laser Q-Switched with a
More informationChapter 5. Semiconductor Laser
Chapter 5 Semiconductor Laser 5.0 Introduction Laser is an acronym for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation. Albert Einstein in 1917 showed that the process of stimulated emission must
More informationSpeckle experiments in random lasers
PHYSICAL REVIEW E, VOLUME 65, 046603 Speckle experiments in random lasers Gijs van Soest, Frank J. Poelwijk, and Ad Lagendijk* Van der Waals Zeeman Instituut, Universiteit van Amsterdam, Valckenierstraat
More informationRANDOM LASER S. thesis eigen werk 4 - frank j. poelwijk. universiteit van amsterdam 2000
in RANDOM LASER S thesis eigen werk 4 - frank j. poelwijk universiteit van amsterdam 2000 research carried out at the van der waals-zeeman laboratory faculteit der wiskunde, informatica, natuur- en sterrenkunde
More informationEnhancing the laser power by stacking multiple dye-doped chiral polymer films
Enhancing the laser power by stacking multiple dye-doped chiral polymer films Yuhua Huang, Tsung-Hsien Lin, Ying Zhou, and Shin-Tson Wu College of Optics and Photonics, University of Central Florida, Orlando,
More informationEXTREME ULTRAVIOLET AND SOFT X-RAY LASERS
Chapter 7 EXTREME ULTRAVIOLET AND SOFT X-RAY LASERS Hot dense plasma lasing medium d θ λ λ Visible laser pump Ch07_00VG.ai The Processes of Absorption, Spontaneous Emission, and Stimulated Emission Absorption
More informationHigh-quality optical modes in low-dimensional arrays of nanoparticles: application to random lasers
Burin et al. Vol. 21, No. 1/January 2004/J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 121 High-quality optical modes in low-dimensional arrays of nanoparticles: application to random lasers A. L. Burin Department of Chemistry and
More informationPaper Review. Special Topics in Optical Engineering II (15/1) Minkyu Kim. IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics, Feb 1985
Paper Review IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics, Feb 1985 Contents Semiconductor laser review High speed semiconductor laser Parasitic elements limitations Intermodulation products Intensity noise Large
More informationLASERS. Amplifiers: Broad-band communications (avoid down-conversion)
L- LASERS Representative applications: Amplifiers: Broad-band communications (avoid down-conversion) Oscillators: Blasting: Energy States: Hydrogen atom Frequency/distance reference, local oscillators,
More informationPhotonics applications II. Ion-doped ChGs
Photonics applications II Ion-doped ChGs 1 ChG as a host for doping; pros and cons - Important - Condensed summary Low phonon energy; Enabling emission at longer wavelengths Reduced nonradiative multiphonon
More informationL.A.S.E.R. LIGHT AMPLIFICATION. EMISSION of RADIATION
Lasers L.A.S.E.R. LIGHT AMPLIFICATION by STIMULATED EMISSION of RADIATION History of Lasers and Related Discoveries 1917 Stimulated emission proposed by Einstein 1947 Holography (Gabor, Physics Nobel Prize
More informationInvestigation of the noise-like structures of the total scattering cross-section of random media
Investigation of the noise-like structures of the total scattering cross-section of random media Snow H. Tseng, Allen Taflove, Duncan Maitland, Vadim Backman, and Joseph T. Walsh, Jr. Department of Electrical
More informationChemistry Instrumental Analysis Lecture 5. Chem 4631
Chemistry 4631 Instrumental Analysis Lecture 5 Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation High Intensities Narrow Bandwidths Coherent Outputs Applications CD/DVD Readers Fiber Optics Spectroscopy
More informationWhat do we study and do?
What do we study and do? Light comes from electrons transitioning from higher energy to lower energy levels. Wave-particle nature of light Wave nature: refraction, diffraction, interference (labs) Particle
More informationPhys 2310 Fri. Dec. 12, 2014 Today s Topics. Begin Chapter 13: Lasers Reading for Next Time
Phys 2310 Fri. Dec. 12, 2014 Today s Topics Begin Chapter 13: Lasers Reading for Next Time 1 Reading this Week By Fri.: Ch. 13 (13.1, 13.3) Lasers, Holography 2 Homework this Week No Homework this chapter.
More informationOptically-Pumped Ge-on-Si Gain Media: Lasing and Broader Impact
Optically-Pumped Ge-on-Si Gain Media: Lasing and Broader Impact J. Liu 1, R. Camacho 2, X. Sun 2, J. Bessette 2, Y. Cai 2, X. X. Wang 1, L. C. Kimerling 2 and J. Michel 2 1 Thayer School, Dartmouth College;
More informationSimple strategy for enhancing terahertz emission from coherent longitudinal optical phonons using undoped GaAs/n-type GaAs epitaxial layer structures
Presented at ISCS21 June 4, 21 Session # FrP3 Simple strategy for enhancing terahertz emission from coherent longitudinal optical phonons using undoped GaAs/n-type GaAs epitaxial layer structures Hideo
More informationStimulated Emission Devices: LASERS
Stimulated Emission Devices: LASERS 1. Stimulated Emission and Photon Amplification E 2 E 2 E 2 hυ hυ hυ In hυ Out hυ E 1 E 1 E 1 (a) Absorption (b) Spontaneous emission (c) Stimulated emission The Principle
More informationSupplementary Figure 1 Schematics of an optical pulse in a nonlinear medium. A Gaussian optical pulse propagates along z-axis in a nonlinear medium
Supplementary Figure 1 Schematics of an optical pulse in a nonlinear medium. A Gaussian optical pulse propagates along z-axis in a nonlinear medium with thickness L. Supplementary Figure Measurement of
More informationMEFT / Quantum Optics and Lasers. Suggested problems Set 4 Gonçalo Figueira, spring 2015
MEFT / Quantum Optics and Lasers Suggested problems Set 4 Gonçalo Figueira, spring 05 Note: some problems are taken or adapted from Fundamentals of Photonics, in which case the corresponding number is
More informationPhotonic crystal laser threshold analysis using 3D FDTD with a material gain model
Photonic crystal laser threshold analysis using 3D FDTD with a material gain model Adam Mock and John O'Brien Microphotonic Device Group University of Southern California July 14, 2009 Session: ITuD6 Integrated
More informationECE 484 Semiconductor Lasers
ECE 484 Semiconductor Lasers Dr. Lukas Chrostowski Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of British Columbia January, 2013 Module Learning Objectives: Understand the importance of
More informationPhotonic Micro and Nanoresonators
Photonic Micro and Nanoresonators Hauptseminar Nanooptics and Nanophotonics IHFG Stuttgart Overview 2 I. Motivation II. Cavity properties and species III. Physics in coupled systems Cavity QED Strong and
More informationStimulated Emission. Electrons can absorb photons from medium. Accelerated electrons emit light to return their ground state
Lecture 15 Stimulated Emission Devices- Lasers Stimulated emission and light amplification Einstein coefficients Optical fiber amplifiers Gas laser and He-Ne Laser The output spectrum of a gas laser Laser
More informationEE485 Introduction to Photonics
Pattern formed by fluorescence of quantum dots EE485 Introduction to Photonics Photon and Laser Basics 1. Photon properties 2. Laser basics 3. Characteristics of laser beams Reading: Pedrotti 3, Sec. 1.2,
More informationLaser Basics. What happens when light (or photon) interact with a matter? Assume photon energy is compatible with energy transition levels.
What happens when light (or photon) interact with a matter? Assume photon energy is compatible with energy transition levels. Electron energy levels in an hydrogen atom n=5 n=4 - + n=3 n=2 13.6 = [ev]
More informationQUESTION BANK IN PHYSICS
QUESTION BANK IN PHYSICS LASERS. Name some properties, which make laser light different from ordinary light. () {JUN 5. The output power of a given laser is mw and the emitted wavelength is 630nm. Calculate
More informationCHAPTER 7 SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT WORK AND SUGGESTIONS FOR FUTURE WORK
161 CHAPTER 7 SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT WORK AND SUGGESTIONS FOR FUTURE WORK 7.1 SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT WORK Nonlinear optical materials are required in a wide range of important applications, such as optical
More informationSchroK dinger equation with imaginary potential
Physica B 296 (2001) 107}111 SchroK dinger equation with imaginary potential Xiaozheng Ma, Costas M. Soukoulis* Ames Laboratory-USDOE and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames,
More informationSignal regeneration - optical amplifiers
Signal regeneration - optical amplifiers In any atom or solid, the state of the electrons can change by: 1) Stimulated absorption - in the presence of a light wave, a photon is absorbed, the electron is
More informationPrinciples of Lasers. Cheng Wang. Phone: Office: SEM 318
Principles of Lasers Cheng Wang Phone: 20685263 Office: SEM 318 wangcheng1@shanghaitech.edu.cn The course 2 4 credits, 64 credit hours, 16 weeks, 32 lectures 70% exame, 30% project including lab Reference:
More informationLIGHT AMPLIFICATION AND LASER EMISSION FROM SPECIAL MICROMETRIC CONFINED SYSTEMS
Digest Journal of Nanomaterials and Biostructures Vol. 12, No. 4, October-December 2017, p. 1233-1238 LIGHT AMPLIFICATION AND LASER EMISSION FROM SPECIAL MICROMETRIC CONFINED SYSTEMS V. BARNA * University
More informationMeasured Transmitted Intensity. Intensity 1. Hair
in Radiation pressure optical cavities Measured Transmitted Intensity Intensity 1 1 t t Hair Experimental setup Observes oscillations Physical intuition Model Relation to: Other nonlinearities, quantum
More informationSelf-Optimization of Optical Confinement and Lasing Action in Disordered Photonic Crystals
4.4 Self-Optimization of Optical Confinement and Lasing Action in Disordered Photonic Crystals Alexey Yamilov Missouri University of Science and Technology Hui Cao Yale University Contents 4.4.1 Introduction...
More informationLIST OF TOPICS BASIC LASER PHYSICS. Preface xiii Units and Notation xv List of Symbols xvii
ate LIST OF TOPICS Preface xiii Units and Notation xv List of Symbols xvii BASIC LASER PHYSICS Chapter 1 An Introduction to Lasers 1.1 What Is a Laser? 2 1.2 Atomic Energy Levels and Spontaneous Emission
More informationSuperluminal Light Pulses, Subluminal Information Transmission
1 Superluminal Light Pulses, Subluminal Information Transmission Dan Gauthier and Michael Stenner* Duke University, Department of Physics, Fitzpatrick Center for Photonics and Communication Systems Mark
More informationRecently, the coexistence of parity-time (PT) symmetric laser and absorber has gained
Article type: Original Paper Experimental demonstration of PT-symmetric stripe lasers Zhiyuan Gu 1,, Nan Zhang 1,, Quan Lyu 1,, Meng Li 1, Ke Xu 1, Shumin Xiao 2 1, 3, *, Qinghai Song *Corresponding Author:
More informationSOFT X-RAYS AND EXTREME ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION
SOFT X-RAYS AND EXTREME ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION Principles and Applications DAVID ATTWOOD UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY AND LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATIONAL LABORATORY CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS Contents
More informationLight Localization Characteristics in a Random Configuration of Dielectric Cylindrical Columns
Light Localization Characteristics in a Random Configuration of Dielectric Cylindrical Columns Yuta Inose, 1, 2 Masaru Sakai, 3 Kazuhiro Ema, 1, 2, 4 Akihiko Kikuchi, 1, 2, 4 Katsumi Kishino, 1, 2, 4 1,
More informationUniversity of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands.
PROPAGATION OF LIGHT IN STRONGLY DISORDERED PHOTONIC MATERIALS AND RANDOM LASERS P.LODAHL #,G. VAN SOEST,J. GÓMEZ RIVAS,R. SPRIK AND A. LAGENDIJK # # Department of Applied Physics and MESA + Research Institute,
More informationStimulated Emission. ! Electrons can absorb photons from medium. ! Accelerated electrons emit light to return their ground state
Lecture 15 Stimulated Emission Devices- Lasers! Stimulated emission and light amplification! Einstein coefficients! Optical fiber amplifiers! Gas laser and He-Ne Laser! The output spectrum of a gas laser!
More informationBrightness and Coherence of Synchrotron Radiation and Free Electron Lasers. Zhirong Huang SLAC, Stanford University May 13, 2013
Brightness and Coherence of Synchrotron Radiation and Free Electron Lasers Zhirong Huang SLAC, Stanford University May 13, 2013 Introduction GE synchrotron (1946) opened a new era of accelerator-based
More informationSUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
Summary We describe the signatures of exciton-polariton condensation without a periodically modulated potential, focusing on the spatial coherence properties and condensation in momentum space. The characteristics
More informationarxiv: v1 [physics.optics] 3 Mar 2015
Modification of light transmission channels by inhomogeneous absorption in random media arxiv:1503.00821v1 [physics.optics] 3 Mar 2015 Seng Fatt Liew and Hui Cao 1 Department of Applied Physics, Yale University,
More informationMode delocalization in 1D photonic crystal lasers
Mode delocalization in 1D photonic crystal lasers Yeheng Wu 1, Kenneth D. Singer 1,2 *, Rolfe G. Petschek 1, Hyunmin Song 2, Eric Baer 2, and Anne Hiltner 2 1 Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve
More information850 nm EMISSION IN Er:YLiF 4 UPCONVERSION LASERS
LASERS AND PLASMA PHYSICS 850 nm EMISSION IN Er:YLiF 4 UPCONVERSION LASERS OCTAVIAN TOMA 1, SERBAN GEORGESCU 1 1 National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 409 Atomistilor Street, Magurele,
More information