FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS FOR SPACE-BORNE IMPLEMENTATION OF CIRCULAR SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR

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Gervase Clarence Peters
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1 ) 2) ( ) (circular synthetic aperture radar CSAR) 360. CSAR.. CSAR..,,, V412.4 A doi / FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS FOR SPACE-BORNE IMPLEMENTATION OF CIRCULAR SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR CUI Haiying 1) ZHANG Xiangkun 2) JIANG Jingshan (Key Laboratory of Microwave Remote Sensing, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing , China) Abstract The Circular Synthetic Aperture Radar (CSAR) is a special spotlight SAR (synthetic aperture radar) with an all-directional high spatial resolution. The feasibility of its space-borne implementation by a spaceborne platform is analyzed based on a dynamical method. A trajectory model with the constraint of CSAR s operating conditions is built. And an active control force on the space-borne platform to keep its trajectory is determined by analyzing the motion and the load of the platform by a basing-point method. Results show that for any latitude area, the magnitude and the direction of the force needed vary too frequently to be actualized. For the north and south pole areas, to keep the platform moving along a circular trajectory with a certain angular velocity, the magnitude and the direction of the active control force needed vary slightly and are easy to be actualized. Key words method circular synthetic aperture radar, orbit dynamics, space-borne implementation, basing-point ). cuihy@mirslab.cn 2) SAR. xkzhang@mirslab.cn,,.., 2016, 38(1): Cui Haiying, Zhang Xiangkun, Jiang Jingshan. Feasibility analysis for space-borne implementation of circular synthetic aperture radar. Mechanics in Engineering, 2016, 38(1): 22-26

2 1 23 (synthetic aperture radar, SAR). SAR [1-2]. SAR. (circular synthetic aperture radar CSAR) SAR 360. CSAR SAR 360. CSAR [3].. CSAR [4]. CSAR [5-6]. CSAR CSAR. CSAR CSAR. CSAR. 1 CSAR CSAR (1) (360 ) (2) (3) (4) α ( ) CSAR 1. A A A A. AA ( h ) α 1 A AS r = h tan α. 1 CSAR. 2 CSAR A Axyz 1. x A y x z x y A. A (h 0 0) A ω e OO. ω e = iω e sin δ + jω e cos δ r OA = (R e + h)i A v A = ω e r OA = kω e (R e + h) cos δ (1)

3 a A = ω e v A = iωe 2 (R e + h) cos 2 δ+ jωe 2 (R e + h) cos δ sin δ (2) i j k ω e rad/s R e km δ. 2.1 A S [7]. r ω S ω S i ω S i 2. v S = v A + ω r A S (3) r A S = jr cos θ+kr sin θ θ y. θ θ. Axyz ω = ω e + ω S = i(ω S + ω e sin δ) + jω e cos δ (4) (1) (4) (3) v S = iω e r cos δ sin θ j(ω S + ω e sin δ)r sin θ+ [(ω S + ω e sin δ)r cos θ ω e (R e + h) cos δ]k (5) (2) (4) (7) (6) a S = [ ω 2 e (R e + h) cos 2 δ + ω S ω e r cos δ cos θ+ ω e cos δ(ω S + ω e sin δ)r cos θ]i+ [ω 2 e (R e + h) cos δ sin δ (ω S + ω e sin δ) 2 r cos θ]j r sin θ(ω 2 S + 2ω Sω e sin δ + ω 2 e )k (8) S (θ ) CSAR F = ma S = F w + F (9) F w µm µ ρ2 m ρ ρ = (R e + h) 2 + r 2 θ F w = µm [ i(r e + h) jr cos θ kr sin θ] (10) (8) (10) (9) F Axyz. x A S. S a S = a A + ε r A S + ω (ω r A S) (6) ε Axyz ε = ω e ω S = kω S ω e cos δ (7) m[ ω 2 e (R e + h) cos 2 δ + ω S ω e r cos δ cos θ+ y ω e cos δ(ω S + ω e sin δ)r cos θ] + µm (R e + h) mω 2 e (R e + h) cos δ sin δ z m(ω S + ω e sin δ) 2 r cos θ + mr sin θ(ω 2 S + 2ω Sω e sin δ + ω 2 e ) + µmr cos θ µmr sin θ (11) (11)

4 1 25 CSAR. 3 δ = ±90 (11) x y z µm (R e + h) m(ω S ± ω e ) 2 r cos θ + m(ω S ± ω e ) 2 r sin θ + µmr cos θ µmr sin θ (12) 3 (ω S ± ω e ) 2 = µ ω S = µ ω e (13) (12) x F = µm (R e + h) i (14). 0 T = 2π ω S (15) (13) (15) CSAR. (14) N CSAR... SAR (circular trace scanning synthetic aperture radar, CTSSAR). [8]. ( ).

5 ( (360/n) n ) CSAR. (1). CSAR z [9]. (2) SAR [10].. (3). 1 Curlander JC, McDonough RN. Synthetic Aperture Rader: System and Signal Processing. New York: Wiley, Franceschetti G, Lanari R. Synthetic Aperture Rader Signal Processing. Boca Raton: CRC Press, Ishimaru A, Chan TK, Kuga Y. An imaging technique using confocal circular synthetic aperture radar. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 1998, 36(5): Chan TK, Kuga Y, Ishimaru A. Experimental studies on circular SAR imaging in clutter using angular correlation function technique. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 1999, 37(5): Jin MY, Chen M. Analysis and simulation for a spotlightmode aircraft SAR in circular flight path. Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, IGARSS 93, Zhang XK, Zhang YH, Jiang JS. Circular SAR imaging approximated by spotlight processing. ISAPE2006, Guilin, ,, [ ]. :, Soumekh M. Reconnaissance with slant plane circular SAR imaging. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 1996, 5(8): Li J, Bi Z, Liu ZS, et al. Use of curvilinear SAR for threedimensional target feature extraction. IEE Proceedings of Radar, Sonar and Navigation, 1997, 144(5): ( : ) ( 92 ) (3) h/r c ( M ) ( M ) ( N ) ( N ). h = R c, h = R c /2 9.8%, 2.4% 33.3%. (4) R c = nh ( t t )/ t = t 0 /(n t ). (12) ( h < R c /5) :, ,,. I ( 3 ). :, ,,. ( 2 ). :, 2008 ( : )

Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 21, 33 45, 2011

Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 21, 33 45, 211 INTERFEROMETRIC ISAR THREE-DIMENSIONAL IMAGING USING ONE ANTENNA C. L. Liu *, X. Z. Gao, W. D. Jiang, and X. Li College of Electronic Science