FYSC11 Atom- och molekylfysik HT Lecturer:

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1 FYSC11 Atom- och molekylfysik HT 2014 Lecturer: Joachim Schnadt, Division of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Department of Physics, phone , room A419 Lab teachers: Two-electron systems: Hampus Nilsson, Department of Astronomy and Theoretical Physics, phone , rom B207B (Astronomy Building) Diode laser spectroscopy: Olesia Snezhkova, Division of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Department of Physics, phone , room A408 Zeeman effect (OBS! changed): Shabnam Oghbaie, Division of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Department of Physics, phone , room A402 Lecture assistant: Bart Oostenrijk, Division of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Department of Physics, phone , room A403 General information on the course The course has a course homepage at together with a supplementary page at There you will find a schedule, course plan, and in due course also the written hand-in exercises.

2 Participation in labs and solving the hand-in problems is compulsory; participation in lecture s and problem-solving sessions is not compulsory, but recommended. Participation in the start meeting on 1 September is compulsory, and so is the lab intro on 22 September. The course is examined in the form of lab reports and a written exam, which will take place on 27 October from 8 a.m. to 1 p.m. at Victoriastadion 2A-B. The final mark for the course is composed of the average mark for the lab exercises and the mark you achieve in a written exam, scheduled for 25 October The marks for the parts will be registered separately in Ladok. Marks are given in as a percentage, which translate into the Swedish scale as U: below 50%, G: 50-79%, VG: 80% and above. The mark for each lab exercises will be made up from the mark for the report and your performance during the lab. Also the written hand-in exercises will be marked. A score of 90 to 100% will give you bonus points in the exam. In addition, you will have to achieve an average of at least 70% for the hand-in problems in order to be allowed to enter the oral exam. For examples of previous exams, refer to the course homepage. You will have to deliver four sets of hand-in problems with due dates 11/9 (noon), 15/9 (noon), 22/9 (10 a.m.), 6/10 (10 a.m.). The deadline will generally be strictly enforced. If you either fail in handing in the problems or in achieving a sufficient mark for entering the oral exam, you will get the chance of solving a new set of hand-in problems (with a number of problems that scales inversely with how much you have handed in and passed to that point). Teaching and learning Passively listening to lengthy lectures has been shown to be about the most ineffective way of learning that exists. Therefore I will restrict the amount of time used for traditional lecturing. Instead we will reserve plenty of time for solving exercises and for discussing. This requires good preparation from your side: you will get reading instructions and you are expected to be prepared at the next lecture. You will also get a smaller homework at each lecture, and one of you will be selected (randomly) to present a solution to the problem in the beginning of the next lecture. Please also note that not all material relevant to the exam will be presented in the lecture. All reading, all problems, and all labs, even if not discussed in the lectures, may have relevance in the exam. What is allowed - and what isn't?

3 You are not allowed to copy the solution (or parts of it) to hand-in exercises or lab reports from a fellow student or any other source (internet, books, etc.), offer your own solution to a hand-in exercise or lab report to a fellow student for copying. In contrast, you are allowed to collaborate with your colleagues in solving hand-in problems and preparing lab reports - as long as you hand in a version of the solution, which has been prepared by yourself. Please be aware of that offences against these rules may inflict serious punishments for you, i.e. you may have to appear in front of the Disciplinary Board of the University and you may be completely banned from University for a period of time of up to six months. All teachers, including the lab supervisors, are obliged to report any suspicion of cheating and fraud to the Disciplinary Board, and this practice will be enforced rigorously. Reading I suggest that you have a look at a couple of different books on Atomic Physics and that you then obtain a copy of one that suits you. You might, for example, consider the following books: Wolfgang Demtröder, Atoms, Molecules, and Photons, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, Available as e-book from the University Library. A lot of material, but good book. B. H. Bransden and C. J. Joachain, Physics of Atoms and Molecules, 2 nd edition, Prentice Hall, Harlow, A lot of material (it actually contains much too much), but excellent book. Unfortunately not available as an e-book. Hermann Haken and Hans Christoph Wolf, The Physics of Atoms and Quanta, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, The Physics Library has some copies. Available as e-book from the University Library. Christopher J. Foot, Atomic Physics, Oxford University Press, Oxford, The Physics Library has a few copies. Fairly cheap. Anne P. Thorne, U. Litzén, and S. Johansson, Spectrophysics. The Physics Library has a number of copies. Available from Media-Tryck, Sölvegatan 14. Fairly cheap. Appreciated by many students and good on some topics but far too thin on the basics. in Swedish: Staffan Andersson, Fredrik Bruhn, Jan Hedman, Leif Karlsson, Sten Lunell, Katharina Nilson, Johan Wall, Atom- och molekylfysik, Uppsala universitet. If you are interested, I can ask for copies.

4 You will need some quantum mechanics knowledge. What is new beyond what you ve learnt in Physics 1 and Physics 2 will be covered by the lectures and is, at least to a large extent discussed, e.g. in Demtröder and Bransden/Joachain. It is also covered by the compendium that you will get. Reading list This list below provides a reading list for the course and refers to the chapters in the different books ( X means that the material is covered) Weeks 36/37: Demtröder Spectro- Atom- Compendium Bransden physics och molekyl- Joachain fysik Short history of Atomic Physics Some examples from Atomic Physics today Bohr model of the hydrogen atom 3.4 X 1.7 Hydrogen spectra X 1.7 Moseley s law (7.5) 1 X 1.7 Quantum mechanical concepts 4 2 X 2 Stern-Gerlach experiment 5.5, 5.6 X 1.8 Angular momentum X 2 Quantum mechanical treatment of the hydrogen atom: 5, X 3, 5 Energies Wave functions Optical transitions Electrical dipole approximation Transition matrix elements Cross sections Spin in the hydrogen atom Spin-orbit splitting / fine structure Hyperfine structure

5 Weeks 38-41: Demtröder Spectro- Atom- Bransden physics och molekyl- Joachain fysik Quantum mechanical treatment of the helium atom , 3 Perturbation theory treatment Identical particles Pauli principle Spin wave functions Coulomb and exchange integrals Atoms in a magnetic field: Zeeman effect 5.2, , (Atoms in an electric field: Stark effect) Interaction of atoms with electromagnetic radiation, basics 7 2, Transition probabilities Fermi s Golden Rule Einstein coefficients Selection rules Weeks 42/43 Many-electron atoms 6 2, 3 4 7, , , 4.8, , 9.7 Central field approximation Electron configurations Aufbau-principle LS-coupling (jj-coupling) Lasers, Laser spectroscopy 8, Spectral lineshapes 7 8

6 Lifetimes and measurement of lifetimes 7 8, 16 Photoelectric effect & photoelectron spectroscopy Basics of molecular physics 9 5, 6 6, , Rotations Vibrations Electronic states Electronic transitions Franck-Condon principle Vibrational transitions Rotational transitions Raman effect