Cold and dense QCD matter
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1 Cold and dense QCD matter GCOE sympodium Feb. 15, 2010 Yoshimasa Hidaka
2 Quantum ChromoDynamics Atom Electron m
3 Quantum ChromoDynamics Atom Nucleon Electron m m
4 Quantum ElectroDynamics U(1) gauge theory Electron Photon small mass, spin 1/2 1 massless, spin 1
5 Quantum ChromoDynamics SU(3) gauge theory Quark Gluon small mass, spin 1/2 massless, spin 1 color charge: 3 (R,G,B) 8
6 Quantum ChromoDynamics Asymptotic freedom Confinement Chiral symmetry breaking
7 Asymptotic freedom 2004 stronger weaker Bethke, Prog. Part. Nucl.Phys. 58:35(2007) At high energy scale, interaction becomes weaker
8 Quantum ChromoDynamics Confinement
9 Quantum ChromoDynamics Confinement No free quarks and gluons
10 Quantum ChromoDynamics Confinement No free quarks and gluons Baryons (proton, neutron,... and mesons (pion, Kaon,...)
11 Chiral symmetry = a symmetry of massless quarks
12 Chiral symmetry breaking
13 Chiral symmetry breaking Quarks 1-7MeV Nucleon 940MeV
14 Chiral symmetry breaking Light pion as Nambu-Goldstone boson Nucleon 940MeV Quarks 1-7MeV 2008 Y. Nambu, spontaneous symmetry breaking
15
16 Water in extreme Hot condition vapor
17 Water in extreme Hot condition vapor 100
18 Water in extreme condition Hot Dense, cold vapor 100
19 Water in extreme condition Hot Dense, cold vapor 100 0
20 Phase diagram of water Pressure liquid 1atm solid gas Temperature ( )
21 QCD in Extreme Conditions
22 QCD in Extreme Conditions Hot Quark Gluon Plasma
23 QCD in Extreme Conditions Hot Dense Quark Gluon Plasma
24 QCD in Extreme Conditions Hot Dense Quark Gluon Plasma Quark matter
25 QCD Phase diagram T Quark Gluon Plasma T c Hadronic Phase 0 Color Super Conductivity µ
26 QCD Phase diagram T 1 10μs Quark Gluon Plasma T c Hadronic Phase 0 Color Super Conductivity µ
27 QCD Phase diagram T 1 10μs Heavy ion collision at RHIC Quark Gluon Plasma T c Hadronic Phase 0 Color Super Conductivity µ
28 QCD Phase diagram T 1 10μs Heavy ion collision at RHIC Quark Gluon Plasma T c 0 Hadronic Phase Color Super Conductivity µ
29 QCD Phase diagram T Quark Gluon Plasma T c Hadronic Phase Color Super Conductivity 0
30 QCD Phase diagram T T c 0
31 QCD Phase diagram Lattice QCD T T c 0
32 QCD Phase diagram Lattice QCD T Perturbation T c 0
33 QCD Phase diagram Lattice QCD T Perturbation T c What is the cold and dense matter? 0
34 From dilute to dense Gas of nucleons.
35 Nuclear matter Fermi liquid of nucleons. Pion condensation,...
36 More dense.. Nucleons start overlapping.
37 Quarks highly degenerate. Boundary of nucleon vanishes, and quark Fermi-sea is formed.
38 Is this matter deconfined?
39 Is this matter deconfined? Ordinary scenario: Yes.
40 Is this matter deconfined? Ordinary scenario: Yes. Deconfined quarks, and gluons.
41 Is this matter deconfined? Ordinary scenario: Yes. Deconfined quarks, and gluons. color super conductivities,...
42 Is this matter deconfined?
43 Is this matter deconfined? New scenario: No!
44 Is this matter deconfined? New scenario: No! There is a window of confined matter with quark Fermi-sea. This is true at least, in large-nc.
45 Is this matter deconfined? New scenario: No! There is a window of confined matter with quark Fermi-sea. This is true at least, in large-nc. Quarkyonic matter
46 Quarkyonic matter R R 1/Λ QCD :Scale of QCD m D :Scale of Screening µ :Scale of density
47 Quarkyonic matter R R 1/Λ QCD :Scale of QCD m D :Scale of Screening µ :Scale of density Quarkyonic limit Dense: µ Λ QCD Confined: Λ QCD m D
48 Quarkyonic matter Larry McLerran and Robert Pisarski (2007) p z Quark Fermi sea p T = p x,p y Quark + Baryonic = Quarkyonic
49 Quarkyonic matter Larry McLerran and Robert Pisarski (2007) p z Quark Fermi sea Excitation is Baryonic or mesonic p T = p x,p y Quark + Baryonic = Quarkyonic
50 How about chiral symmetry?
51 Chiral symmetry ψψ Order parameter
52 Chiral symmetry ψψ Order parameter
53 Chiral symmetry? Consider quarkyonic limit, µ Λ QCD E p z Dirac sea
54 Chiral symmetry? Consider quarkyonic limit, µ Λ QCD E Fermi sea p z Dirac sea
55 Possible pairing patterns E p
56 Possible pairing patterns Dirac Type E p Particle-antiparticle P tot =0 homogeneous
57 Possible pairing patterns Dirac Type E p Particle-antiparticle P tot =0 homogeneous
58 Possible pairing patterns Dirac Type E Exciton Type E p p Particle-antiparticle P tot =0 homogeneous Particle-hole P tot =0 homogeneous
59 Possible pairing patterns Dirac Type E Exciton Type E Density Wave Type E p p p Particle-antiparticle P tot =0 homogeneous Particle-hole P tot =0 homogeneous Particle-hole P tot =2µ inhomogeneous Perturbative Deryagin, Grigoriev, & Rubakov ( 92), Shuster & Son ( 99), Rapp, Shuryak, and Zahed ( 00).
60 p z = p F p z p T = p x,p y µ
61 p z = p F p z P T P z Λ QCD µ 1 p T = p x,p y µ
62 p z = p F p z P T P z Λ QCD µ 1 p T = p x,p y µ
63 p z = p F p z P T P z Λ QCD µ 1 p T = p x,p y µ Integrating over transverse momentum of gluon Effective model in 1+1D.
64 p z = p F p z P T P z Λ QCD µ 1 p T = p x,p y µ Integrating over transverse momentum of gluon Effective model in 1+1D. Density Wave Type Exciton Type
65 p z = p F p z P T P z Λ QCD µ 1 p T = p x,p y µ Integrating over transverse momentum of gluon Effective model in 1+1D. Density Wave Type Exciton Type
66 Quarkyonic chiral spirals T. Kojo, Y.H., L. McLerran, and R. Pisarski Nonuniform condensation realizes. ψψ = C cos(2µz) ψγ 0 γ 3 ψ = C sin(2µz) C=const Quarkyonic Chiral Spirals &'&) &'& ψψ &'!) & locally broken, globally restored.!'()!'(!'" ψγ 0 γ 3 ψ ψψ!'&!!!'& "! #! $! z %! Baryon number is spatially const.
67 Summary T Quark Gluon Plasma T c Hadronic Color Super Conductivity 0
68 Summary T T c 0
69 Summary T T c Quarkyonic chiral spirals 0
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