Eastern Religions. Religion in Japan 1

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1 Eastern Religions Religion in Japan 1 1. Geography 2. Shinto/Kami no michi 3. Natural Religion 4. Shinto Sacred Space 5. Amaterasu 6. Birth of an Empire test: white and red

2 1 Geography

3 The Far East

4 NIPPON sun-origin JAPAN The Land of the Rising Sun Japan is an archipelago w/ 4 main islands and more than 3,000 islands Mr. Miyagi is from Okinawa in the movie. Imperial Seal of Japan This was the WWII era Army flag Japan aka Nihon Japanese people: Nihonjin Japanese language: Nihongo

5 REVIEW A

6 2 Shinto/Kami no michi

7 SSKELL The chief god SKELL dwells here! Where is it?

8 MT. FUJI SYMBOL of Japan It is kami.

9 A kami is a god, or spirit. 3 kinds of Kami Sky Earth Ancestral

10 As in China Ancestor Veneration Kamidana

11 Buddhist Bon Festival Festival that honors the dead. It is like the Ghost Festival in China.

12 Kami no Michi Shinto The Way of the Gods SHINTO: from Chinese words SHEN & TAO an example of kango REVIEW B ANIMISTIC Animism is the belief that everything has a soul. Everything has a kami! native Japanese words are called Yamato or wago

13 3 a natural religion

14 Kannagara No Michi Shinto is a NATURAL RELIGION not a REVEALED RELIGION Feeling the TE of the TAO being in harmony with Nature

15 an AESTHETIC FAITH, emphasizing BEAUTY The BEAUTIFUL is GOOD because it uplifts and enriches the feelings.

16 In Shinto, one is encouraged to: (1) appreciate, (2) preserve, and (3) enhance THE BEAUTIFUL.

17 REVIEW C Zen gardens These aspects of Shinto have strongly influenced Zen in Japan.

18 4 Shinto sacred space

19 shimenawa SACRED ROPE enclosing rope

20 The Wedded Rocks

21 silk screen print called The Married Rocks of Futami

22 shide on a hokora LIGHTNING STRIPS symbols of divine power

23 Traditional Color Woodblock Print of champion SUMO WRESTLER The current champion, Kisenosato Yutaka, promoted January 23, 2017

24 haraegushi LIGHTNING WAND used for purification Oharae is an annual purification ritual. There are also shrine priestesses called mikos.

25 JINJA: a Shinto shrine houses of the gods; around 100,000 in Japan or Taisha (great shrines)

26 called shishi in China, they re called komainu in Japan Stone Lions serve as guardian spirit

27 TORII: a gate to the sacred space

28 REVIEW D Torii at Miyajima

29 5 Amaterasu and the stories of creation

30 Izanagi and Izanami God Ruling in the Center of Heaven (Amenominakanushi) musubi

31 MISOGI: ritual purification (by water)

32 The most important KAMI: AMATERASU, the Sun goddess

33 The Kagura: plays about the gods Noh Theater & Kyogen Susa-no-O Uzume

34 Some Noh masks Kyogen Masks

35 Sacred Treasures Wisdom Courage Goodness

36 JIMMU 1 st Emperor of Japan descended from Amaterasu TENNO: Heavenly Ruler MIKADO: Divine Gate

37 This one is rebuilt every 20 years (since 7 th -c so that Amaterasu never has a run-down shrine. It is always an exact replica of the first one. The Ise Shrine is dedicated to Amaterasu

38 REVIEW E 'General Characteristics of a Life lived in Reverence of Kami (1) To be grateful for the blessings of Kami and the benefits of the ancestors, and to be diligent in the observance of the Shinto rites, applying oneself to them with sincerity. brightness, and purity of heart. (2) To be helpful to others and in the world at large through deeds of service without thought of rewards, and to seek the advancement of the world as one whose life mediates the will of Kami. (3) To bind oneself with others in harmonious acknowledgment of the will of the emperor, praying that the country may flourish and that other peoples too may live in peace and prosperity.

39 6 The Birth of Nippon

40 remember REN The Chinese originally called Japan The Kingdom of Wa Wa=harmony 300BC-250 c 300BC-250AD Yayoi Culture RICE & BRONZE: signs of immigration from the mainland ate raw fish on bamboo mats

41 clapped hands when praying Shaman Queen Himiko Oracle Bones

42 Yamato Kingdom Prince Osu Yamato unified nation of Yamato 4 th C. Japan is still called Yamato at times. kofun

43 Asuka period NIPPON Prince Shotoku "The Son of Heaven where the sun rises (Japan), to the Son of Heaven where the sun sets (China), may good health be with you. Empress Suiko letter sent by Prince Shotoku responding to the Emperor Yang of China (1) Closer relationship to CHINA; (2) Wrote Constitution based on Chinese style; (3) Embraced Buddhism It was this letter that resulted in Japan taking the name of Nippon

44 The end of the Yamato Period is known as the Era of Peace and Tranquility Tendai Buddhism (Saicho) Shingon Buddhism (Kukai) SHOGUN: General serving the Emperor Samurai were Civil Servants Bushi were the Warriors

45 REVIEW F Heian period ( ) Nara period ( ) Kana カタカナ Tale of Genji (world s first novel) Nara was modeled after Xi an in China confederation of uji to empire

46 7 The Three Shogunates and the Meiji Restoration

47 MINAMOTO NO YORITOMO 1 st Shogun to unite all of Japan under his rule in the 12 th c. Kamakura Bakufu (12 th -14 th c) 1 ST Shogunate 2 Imperial Families Hojo clan Yoritomo s signature (kao)

48 Japan was organized as a feudal system. Liege Lords, vassals, and fiefs Minamoto no Yoritomo Daimyo: Lord of the Land Served by Noble Warriors called Samurai (Bushi) who were served by craftsmen and peasants who farmed the lands.

49 If a Samurai s daimyo was killed, and he had no master, he was called a ronin.

50 The only Japanese allowed to carry weapons were Samurai. And the samurai could kill any peasant who was disrespectful or disobedient.

51 Minamoto no Yoritomo encouraged rigorous martial arts training ARCHERY

52 Sumo wrestling Rikishi with kids

53 Ashikaga Takauji from Minamoto clan 2 nd Shogunate (Kyoto) 14 th - to 16 th -c diplomacy with Korea and China Zen grew in influence Muso Soseki Famous Zen leader 5 Mountain System & network of temples gardens

54 Warring States Period 15 th -18 th -c TIRED OF DEBT AND TAXES DAIMYO AND THEIR PEASANTS REBELLED Oda Nobunaga reunified Japan and lived at Nagoya Castle

55 Tokugawa Ieyasu Edo Castle 3 rd - Shogunate (Edo) 17 th - to 19 th -c Pax Tokugawa The novel Shogun tells the story of the rise to power of a daimyo named Toranaga, a fictionalized account of Tokugawa. George Lucas got his idea for Darth Vader's uniform from the Samurai Period of Isolationism

56 mono no aware

57 Meiji Restoration 1867 Emperor Meiji The Emperor Meiji ended the reign of Shoguns. He disbanded and finally defeated the Samurai. And he favored Shinto over Buddhism. His goal was to modernize Japan.

58 REVIEW G Emperor Yoshihito Emperor Hirohito Emperor Akihito Emperor Akihito and the Empress MIchiko Yoshihito

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