Xenia. Aeolian island, To this city of theirs we came, their palace, and Aeolus hosted me one entire month

Transcription

1 Xenia (Od ) (Od ) After Circe lets the crew go, All the while Circe had bathed my other comrades in her palace, caring and kindly, rubbed them sleek in oil and decked them out in fleecy coats and shirts. Aeolian island, To this city of theirs we came, their palace, and Aeolus hosted me one entire month (Od ) After Odysseus lands at Polyphemus cave, he tries to get help by telling him but since we ve chanced on you, we re at your knees in hopes of a warm welcome, even a guest-gift, the sort that hosts give strangers. That s the custom. (Od ) (Od ) (Od ) (Od ) Odysseus leaving Calypso s island, And Calypso stowed two skins aboard--dark wine in one, the larger one held water--added a sack of rations, filled with her choicest meats to build his strength, and summoned a wind to bear him onward, fair and warm. When Athena arrives in Ithaca, Telemachus moves...straight to the porch (Telemachus) went, mortified that a guest might be still standing at the doors. Pausing beside (Athena) there, he clasped her right hand and relieving her at once of her long bronze spear Polyphemus s cave, Not a word in reply to that, the ruthless brute. Lurching up, he lunged out with his hands toward my men and snatching two at once, rapping them on the ground he knocked them dead like pups-- After the suitors stay in the palace, they decide to reach out for the good things that lay at hand, and when they d put aside desire for food and drink the suitors set their minds on other pleasures

2 Metis (9. 487) I hung, face upward, both hands locked in his marvelous deep fleece, clinging for dear life, my spirit steeled, enduring so we held on, desperate, waiting Dawn s first light. Odysseus tricked the giant to thinking the ram was a normal ram not his escape route by being on the bottom of the ram. ( ) Nobody, friends - Polyphemus bellowed back from his cave- Nobody s killing me now by fraud and not by force! This represents his Metis by his quick thinking, since he told Polyphemus his name was nobody,so when the cyclops called out his friends would think nothing of his wails. ( ) I won t set foot on a raft until you show good faith, until you consent to swear, goddess, a binding oath you ll never plot some new intrigue to harm me. Odysseus is showing metis by forcing Calypso to give a binding oath to make sure she won t harm or trick him. ( ) Straightaway she began to swear the oath that I required-never, she d never do me harm Circe could no more deceive or trick Odysseus anymore now since she took the binding oath to not harm him. ( ) -he vomited, blind drunk. Now, at last, I thrust our stake in bored it round in the giant s eye They got the giant drunk so they could trick and blind him without resistance. ( ) Calypso asks Odysseus why he wants to return home to see his wife. Odysseus responds that his wife falls far short of you, your beauty, stature Nevertheless I long- I pine, all my days- to travel home and see the dawn of my return. Odysseus is choosing his words carefully, and as a result, Calypso continues to assist him cross the sea to go home. ( ) When trying to get past Scylla Odysseus So i shouted. They snapped to each command. No mention of Scylla-how to fight that nightmare? Odysseus didn t mention Scylla to his shipmates for fear they would hide and not survive with enough people left. Since he didn t they only lost the minimum of 6 men. ( ) Odysseus took the smart decision to go and lay his ship down out of the way as a result What a joy as we darted out toward open sea, clear of those beetling cliffs... my ship alone.

3 Kleos (Od ) (Od ) (Od ) (Od ) There I sacked the city, killed the men, but as for the wives and plunder, that rich haul we dragged away from the place- The more gold and riches they bring home from Troy, the more kleos they will have at home. I donned my heroic armor, seized long spears in both of my hands and marched out on the half-deck forward, hoping from there to catch the first glimpse of Scylla, Odysseus tells Polyphemus: Cyclops- if any man on the face of the earth should ask you who blinded you, shamed you so-say Odysseus, raider of cities, he gouged out your eye, Laertes son who makes his home in Ithaca! He does this so if anyone is told by him then they will fear him for being a great warrior and give him more Kleos. Never has any other man withstood my potion, never, once it s past his lips and he has drunk it down. (Od ) (Od ) (Od ) Zeus talks of Odysseus Kleos described in his epithet: Now, how on earth could i forget Odysseus? Great Odysseus who excels all men in wisdom, excels in offerings too he gives the immortal gods who rule the vaulting skies? This show how because of his kleos, even the gods know who he is.,but if you are bent on hearing, have them tie you hand and foot in the swift ship, erect at the mast, lashed by ropes to the mast so you can hear the Sirens song to your heart s content. Odysseus defends his honor and kleos by proving to the phaeacians that he is an athlete and a very good one: Now go match that, you young pups, and straightaway I ll hurl you another just as far, I swear, or even farther! All the rest of you, anyone with the spine or spirit, step right up and try me - you ve incensed me so - at boxing, wrestling, racing; nothing daunts me.

4 Hubris (Od ) If I really am your son grant that Odysseus, raider of cities, Laertes son who makes his home in Ithaca, never reaches home. (Polyphemus curse) (Od ) (Od ) Now let is go outside and make our endeavour in all contests, so that our stanger can tell his friends after he reaches his home, by now much have surpass all others in boxing, wrestling, leaping, and the speed of our feet running. After getting away and blinding polyphemus he calls out to him if any man asked who blinded you tell them it was Odysseus raider of cities laertes son who makes his home in ithaca.

5 Loyalty (Od ) When they were going by the sirens Odysseus begged his ship mates to let him go so he could go to the sirens. I signaled the crew with frowns to set me free- they flung themselves at the oars and rowed on harder. (Od ) (Od ) (Od ) (od ) Although Circe held Odysseus men captive and turned them into animals, she kept her word and helped them. Circe had bathed my other comrades in her palace, caring and kindly, rubbed them seek with oil and decked them out in fleecy coats and shirts. When Odysseus goes to the kingdom of the dead and sees Elpenor Don t sail off and desert me, left behind unswept, unbothered, don t, or my curse may draw god s fury on your head. I dispatched some men to Circe s hall to bring the dead Elpenor s body. They are loyal to Elpenor by fulfilling his wishes. This was when odysseus has been away for nearly 20 years and the suitors were trying to win penelope. Icarius daughter Penelope wary and reserved once she reached the suitors she pulled her veil across her cheeks.

6 Fate (Od ) Polyphemus fat was decided long before by the prophet Telemus: We once had a prophet here, a great tall man, Telemus, Eurymus son, a master at reading signs, who grew old in his trade among his fellow-cyclops. All this he warned me, would come to pass someday-that I d be blinded here at the hands of one Odysseus. (Od )- (Od Let him come home late and come a broken man-all shipmates lost, alone in a stranger s ship- and let him find a world of pain at home....grant that Odysseus, raider of cities, Laertes son who makes his home in Ithaca, never reaches home. (Od )- (Od )- (Od ) (Od ) (Od )..send him off in a ship to his own beloved land, giving him bronze and hoards of gold and robes-more plunder than he could ever have won from Troy if Odysseus had returned intact with his fair share. So his destiny ordains. He shall see his loved ones, reach his high-roofed house, his native land at last. You have a mind in you no magic can enchant! You must be Odysseus, man of twists and turns- Hermes the giant-killer god of the golden wand, he always said you d come. Tiresias gives Odysseus his fate:...i can see it now: your ship destroyed, your men destroyed as well. And even if you escape, you ll come home late and come a broken man-all shipmates lost, alone in a stranger s ship-and you will find a world of pain at home, crude, arrogant men devouring all your goods, courting your noble wife, offering gifts to win her. shows Odysseus what is happening at home and gives him a reason to hurry home. Zeus says: As for the guilty ones, why, soon enough on the wine-dark sea I ll hit their racing ship with a white-hot bolt, I ll tear it into splinters. -but harm them in any way, and I can see it now: your ship destroyed, your men destroyed as well! And even if you escape, you ll come home late, all shipmates lost, and a broken man.

7 Recklessness (Od ) Ismarus Episode - Odysseus s men refuse to heed his orders. The Cicones broke our lines and beat us down at last./ Out of each ship, six men-at-arms were killed;/ the rest of us rowed away from certain doom. ( ) ( )

8 Temptation ( ) Any crewman who ate the lotus, the honey-sweet fruit, lost all desire to send a message back, much less return, their only wish to linger there with the Lotus-eaters all memory or the journey home dissolved forever. ( ) So they sent their ravishing voices out across the air, and the heart inside me throbbed to listen longer. I signaled the crew with frowns to set me free-... Odysseus is tempted to go and listen to the sirens, but manages to resist temptation with the help of the crew. ( ) Bag of winds- Hurry, let s see what loot is in that sack, how much gold and silver. Break it open--now! the cre was swept out to sea further away from home. ( ) Odysseus was warned not to slaughter the Sungod s cattle but when his crew got hungry, they did anyway. And when they attempted to leave the island, All of a sudden killer-squalls attacked us, screaming out of the west, and zeus hit the craft with a lightning-bolt and thunder. ( )... The gods showed us all some fateful signs- The hides began to crawl, the meat bellowed out on the spits, and we heard a noise like the moan of lowing oxen. After falling victim to temptation, the crew is doomed to die. ( ) After Odysseus and his men rampaged Ismarus, Odysseus warned them that they needed to leave but his men ignored him. ( ) So she enticed and won our battle-hardened spirits over. And there we sat at ease, day in, day out, till a year had run its course Captain, this is madness! High time you thought of your own home at last Odysseus and crew stays at Circe s palace for a year, but as a result, his crew gets impatient and homesick.