Subject Index. Numbers in italic type indicate extensive discussions of the topic indexed.

Transcription

1 Subject Index Numbers in italic type indicate extensive discussions of the topic indexed. Absorption, , , , 415 Abundances, strontium and lead isotopes in Lake Superior, Aeromagnetics, see also Magnetics field procedure, 80-81, , 112 map of eastern Lake Superior, 100, 101, 103 map of Keweenaw Peninsula region, facing 45 map of Lake Superior, facing 95 map of western Lake Superior, 84, 85, 86 map of Wisconsin, facing 112 Aftershocks, clustering, Airy-Heiskanen reduction, relation to Pratt-Hayford, Alaska, crustal structure, 4^0-432 Allouez Gap fault, 53 Alona Bay, geology, Alps, crustal structure, Amplitudes, ,448 free oscillations, free surface coefficients, 476 head wave coefficients, Lake Superior shots, theoretical, body wave, theoretical, for layered media, variation with distance, , , 397, 404, 405, 415, 474 Zoeppritz equations, 475 Andean Mountains, seismicity in Peru, structure, 516 Angles of emergence, Animikean, of Lake Superior region, 5-6 of western Lake Superior, 13, 30, 38 Anisotrophy, in upper mantle, 298 magnetic, Appalachian basin, 571 Appalachian sediments, magnetic anisotropy in, Appalachian tectonics, Appalachians, geologic map, 350 geology, seismic studies, Apparent velocities, , , 310, Ashland, Wisconsin, Attenuation, , , from P n amplitudes, , 415 Barron quartzite, 14 Basin and range province, crustal structure, Bayfield Group, 13, 24, 30-33, 37 density, 202 Bayfield Peninsula, 57, 203 Beaver Bay complex, 32 Bend arch, 579 Black Hills, 571 Bouguer, see Gravity Bubble pulses, 220, 226, 238, 247, 266 Calibration, seismograph, 552 total system, Canada, crustal results summary, , Canadian Appalachians, geologic map, 350 geology, seismic studies, Canadian Shield, average shield composition, 612 crustal structure, 38 Caribou Island, 107, 108 gravity anomalies, 62 Cascade Mountains, 573 Cincinnati arch, 573 Colorado Plateau, amplitude studies, Columbia Plateau, 31, 418 Common Spectrum, Compensation, isostatic, , Continental margin, crustal structure, , 365 Copper Harbor Conglomerate, 6, 8, 9, 12, 24, 30-33, 35, 43 Crust, chemical abundances, 624 composition from seismic evidence, composition of lower crust, composition of surface, 612 definition, 293 density, , , 613 petrological nature, Crustal models, , , , , , 380, accuracy, Crustal structure, Alaska, Alps summary, basin and range province, Canada summary, composition, ,

2 660 SUBJECT INDEX Crustal structure, continental margin, , 365 eastern Canada summary, errors and accuracy, 151, , Europe summary, Germany, central western, 4^-4^2 Germany summary, , history summary, , Japan summary, , Lake Superior, western region, 28-41, , Lake Superior basin, 28-41, 39, 62-65, 69-74, , , literature review, map of crustal thickness, Japan, 300 map of crustal thickness, United States, 295 map of crustal thickness, western Alps, 301 map of mean crustal velocity, United States, 295 midcontinent gravity high region, , Mississippi embayment, Montana area summary, 297, nature of M discontinuity, , , 353^ 354, 417 Nevada-Idaho-Colorado, Snake River Plain, 31, , 573 southwest of Lake Superior, 274 United States averages, USSR summary, , west and southwest United States summary, , Damping of seismometer springs, Delaware basin, 579 Density, crustal, , , 613 Bayfield Group, 202 for Bouguer gravity reduction, 585 Freda Sandstone, 35 Jacobsville Sandstone, 34, 35 Keweenawan mafic rocks, 34-35, 202 Lake Superior basin, 64 Oronto Group, 34, 35, 202 pre-keweenawan basement, 34-35, 202 rocks of Keweenaw region, 34, southwest Lake Superior, 202 upper mantle, 359 Detection of seismic explosions, Distortion in long-period seismographs, Douglas fault, 12, 13, 34, 36-37, 39, 57, 60fL, 69, 81, 85, 114, 115, 116, 117, 119, 120, 124 Duluth Gabbro, 6, 14, 17, 32, 36, 57, 64, 69, 85 Earth tides, Love numbers, spatial variations, theoretical values, Earthquake activity of Peru, epicenter map, 511 Earthquakes, Alaska 1964, 500, Chile 1960, 499, Kern County 1952 (California), San Francisco 1957, source mechanism, Energy release in earthquakes, map of, Peru, 515 Europe, crustal studies, See also Germany Filtering, one-third octave, 246 passband, velocity, 307, 310, Freda Sandstone, 6, 9, 11, 12, 13, 24, 30-31, 33, 43 density, 35 Free oscillations, Gauss-Seidel method, Germany, crustal structure, 4^-452 crustal summary, geologic map, 434 geology, South German Block, 436 gravity, central western Germany, 451 record section for seismic refraction profile, Hilders-South, in pocket on back cover Gnome travel times, 256 Gogebic Iron Range, 11, 12, 14, 24 Gratiot Lake, 44, 52 magnetic anomaly, 54 Gravity, Bouguer anomaly reduction, , 585 Bouguer map of College Fiord, Alaska, 430 Bouguer map of Keweenaw Peninsula, 44 Bouguer map of Lake Superior, 59 Bouguer map of Skagway, Alaska, region, 426 Bouguer map of western Lake Superior, 79 continental margin, density effects, eastern Canada, 351 geologic corrections, Germany, central western, 451 Isle Royale-Keweenaw section, isostatic anomalies in United States, isostatic anomaly map, United States, facing 582 isostatic anomaly reduction, Keweenaw Peninsula, Lake Superior survey, midcontinent high, 37, 40, 51, 54, 56, 60, 114, 115, , , 584 standard crustal section, tidal gravity variations, topographic corrections, western Lake Superior, Great Salt Desert, Gulf of Mexico, 579 Gunflint Iron Range, 84 Gutenberg-Bullen model earth, 483

3 SUBJECT INDEX 661 Head waves, coefficients, theoretical amplitudes, 4&4-481 Heat flow, 365 Herglotz-Wiechert integral, 144, 456fL Huron Mountains, 9 Huronian of Lake Superior region, 5 Idaho batholith, 573 Illinois basin, 573 Instrumentation, seismic, , tape recorder, Isle Royale, 14, 31, 33-36, 56, 57, 69, 106 geology, Isle Royale fault, 82, 84, 89, 106,109 Isostasy, compensation, , historical account, isostatic anomaly reduction, map of isostatic anomalies in United States, facing 582 midcontinent gravity high region, United States, western United States, 416 Jacobsville Sandstone, 6, 10, 11, 13, 24, 30, 32-33, 37-38, 42-54, 105, 106, 108 density, Japan, crustal studies, , Keweenaw Bay, 31, 35-36, 38, 45-46, 52, 56, 57 Keweenaw Bay gravity low, 57 Keweenaw fault, 6, 10, 30, 33-35, 37, 39, 42-55, 57, 69, 81, 86, 87,106,109 Keweenaw gravity high, 56-61, 64 Keweenaw Peninsula, 28, 30-31, 42-55, 57 geologic map, 7 geology, 43-45, geophysical data, lavas, 31, 33-37, 39 Keweenaw Point, 33 Keweenawan, exposures, 5 geology, 3-27, 29-31, lava flows, 8, 31, 33-37, 39, 117, , 124 lithologic divisions, 5-6 on Keweenaw Peninsula, 6 statigraphie section, 30 Keweenawan Great Conglomerate, 43 Keweenawan Outer Conglomerate, 43 Konigsberger ratio, 84, 102 Lac LaBelle, 52 Lac LaBelle fault block, 46 Lake Gogebic, 11, 44, 46 Lake Nipigon, geology, Lake Owen fault, 11, 12, 37, 57, 69, 85 Lake Superior, aeromagnetic map, facing 95 aeromagnetic map, eastern lake, aeromagnetic map, western lake, bottom drilling, 73-74, 78 Bouguer gravity map, 59 r crustal composition, crustal structure, 28-41, 62-65, 69-74, , , frequency spectra of seismic records, , , geochemistry of water and sediments, geographic map, 58 geologic map, 4, 60, 67, 96 geologic map, eastern shore, 21 geologic map, northwest shore, 15 geologic map, western region, 10, 29 gravity survey, hydrographic map, 70, 244, 245 Isle Royale-Keweenaw section, 32-37, 62, 63 L ff travel times, 261 limnologic data, long-range seismic data, , , P n residuals, regional geology, 3-27, 28-41, 57, seismic experiment map, 174, 182, 183, 250 seismic travel times, , 214 shear wave travel times, 261 shot data 1964, 271 strontium and lead isotopes in, structural map of western region, 90 structure of western region, sub-bottom profiling, tectonic map, 68 time-term cross section, 187, 194 time-term map, 174, 201 time terms, , , travel times, , 214, 273 underwater sound measurements, water temperature data, Lake Superior syncline, 3, 31, 40, 57, 62, 69, 109, 113 Lead isotopes in Lake Superior, L g from Lake Superior, 261 Limestone Mountain, 42, 50 Logan intrusives, Love numbers, LRSM, instrumentation, 252 Gnome data, 256 Lake Superior travel times, location map, 251 NTS data, 255 Magnetic gap design of seismometers, 547 Magnetic properties of rocks, anisotropy of sediments, Lake Superior region, Magnetic susceptibility, anisotropy, Upper Peninsula of Michigan, 50 Magnetics, see also Aeromagnetics

4 662 SUBJECT INDEX Magnetics, eastern Canada, eastern Lake Superior, experimental techniques, Keweenaw Peninsula region, Nipigon Bay, 61 western Lake Superior, Wisconsin, Magnitude estimates from Lake Superior shots, 268 Mamainse Point, 108, 109 geology, Manitowish Range, 113 Marathon gravity high, 57 Marquette Iron Range, 81 Marshall Creek fault, 47 Maxwell bridge, Mellen gabbro, 11, 12 Menominee iron range, 114 Michipicoten Island, 107, 109 geology, Microseisms, origin, Midcontinent gravity high, 37, 40, 51, 54, 56, 60, 114, 115, , , 584 Mississippi embayment, crustal structure, gravity, 579 Missouri uplift, 573 Mohorovicic (M) discontinuity, , , , 417 as a phase change, 616 depths, see Crustal structure reflections, , 399fL, 448, Montana, crustal structure, 297, Nevada Test Site (NTS), crustal structure, explosions, 391 Nipigon Bay, 17 aeromagnetics, 61 Nonesuch Shale, 6, 9, 12, 13, 30, 31, 32, 43 Normal equations, iterative solution, Normal modes, Oronto Group, 30, 31, 32, 34, 35, 69 density, 34, 35, 202 Osier volcanics, 17-18, 19, 24 Particle motion, Penokean orogeny, 5, 6 Penokee iron range, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 117 Peru, earthquake activity, Petrology of the crust, Polarization of head waves, Porcupine Mountains, 6, 9, 24, 31, 36, 56 Portage Lake, 50, 52, 53 lavas, 6, 8, 9, 11, 20, 24, 30, 42, 54 Pratt-Hayford reduction, relation to Airy-Heiskanen method, Puckwunge formation, 14, 18 Q, , Ray theory, seismic, , Reflections, intermediate layers, 408 seismic, , 399, , theoretical amplitudes, Rice Lake, 46 magnetic anomaly, Rocky Mountain front, 569, 571, 573 St. Croix horst, 12, 13 Seismic studies, analytical techniques, , 307, , angles of emergence, apparent velocities, , , 310, attenuation, , , , , 415 Canadian Appalachians, Common Spectrum, crustal structure, see Crustal structure detection probabilities, eastern Canada, error estimates, 151, , explosion field techniques, , 307, 335, , , free oscillations, history, instrumentation, , Keweenaw Peninsula, 50 long-range observations of Lake Superior explosions, , Lake Superior travel times, , 214, 273 normal mode summation, particle motion, polarization of head waves, Q, , ray theory, , reflections, , 399, 408, , spectral measurements, , , , sub-bottom profiling, theoretical amplitudes for layered models, theoretical seismograms, 490 theoretical travel times, time terms, see Time terms trapped modes, travel-time analysis, , underwater sound measurements, velocity, see Velocity velocity-depth models, velocity gradient estimation, Seismicity, eastern Canada, 352 measurement, Peru,

5 SUBJECT INDEX 663 Seismograph, broad-band, distortion in long-period instruments, system calibration, Shadow zone, 270 Shear waves in a spherical earth model, Shoal explosion, Sibley series, 14, 17, 18, 19, 24 Sierra Nevada batholith, 573 Sierra Nevadas, 576 Silver Mountain, 11, 38, Sioux formation, 14 Snake River Plain, crustal structure, 31, , 573 Spectral analysis, , , , Strain release, depth distribution, map of Peru, 513 Strontium isotopes in Lake Superior, Sturgeon River, 42 Superior Shoal, gravity anomalies, 62 Susceptibility, magnetic, Upper Peninsula of Michigan, 50 Susceptibility, magnetic anistropy, Tape recorder, design, Temperature in Lake Superior, Thunder Bay, 18, 19, 24 Time terms, analysis, , , 311, compared with gravity anomalies, 146, 156, 158, compared with P n residuals, conversion to depths, , errors, 168 Lake Superior experiment, , , western Lake Superior region, Topographic corrections to gravity, Torch Lake, 50, 53 Travel times, analysis, , Travel times, Lake Superior, , 214, 273 Underwater sound measurements, United States, crustal structure averages, isostatic gravity anomaly map, facing 582 isostatic studies, structural map, 564 Upper mantle, density, 359 low-velocity zone, 415 seismic velocities, 298 seismic wave propagation, structure, USSR, crustal structure summary, , Valley and Ridge Province, 646 Vela observatories, Gnome data, 256 instrumentation, 252 Lake Superior travel times, location map, 251 NTS data, 255 Velocity, crustal low-velocity zones, 308, 414, 435, 444, 446, 450, 451 gradient estimation, in the crust, , mantle low-velocity zone, 415 mathematical models, subcrustal seismic, 298, 300, 347 variation with composition, variation with depth, , 380, 448 Wasatch Mountains, 575 Water wave reflections, White's ridge, 92 Williston basin, 565, 569 Wisconsin magnetic map, facing 112 Wisconsin magnetic survey, Zoeppritz equations, 475