UNIT 2: CHEMICAL NOMENCLATURE

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2 UNIT 2: CHEMICAL NOMENCLATURE

3 How Elements Form Compounds

4 How Elements Form Compounds 1. Atoms Collide

5 How Elements Form Compounds 1. Atoms Collide 2. Octet Rule: All atoms want 8 electrons in their outer shell (valence electrons)

6 How Elements Form Compounds 1. Atoms Collide 2. Octet Rule: All atoms want 8 electrons in their outer shell (valence electrons) 3. For ionic compounds, atoms can transfer electrons (e - gained or lost) to get eight.

7 3. Atoms can transfer electrons (e - gained or lost) to get eight. Atoms become ions which means they are charged.

8 3. Atoms can transfer electrons (e - gained or lost) to get eight. Atoms become ions which means they are charged. Positive ions are cations Negative ions are anions

9 3. Atoms can transfer electrons (e - gained or lost) to get eight. Atoms become ions which means they are charged. Positive ions are cations Negative ions are anions Ions combine to form ionic compounds with ionic bonds

10 Writing Binary Chemical Formulas made of 2 ions

11 Writing Binary Formulas Ions combine to form compounds with NEUTRAL charge.

12 Writing Binary Formulas Ions combine to form compounds with NEUTRAL charge. ex: Na + and Cl -

13 Writing Binary Formulas Ions combine to form compounds with NEUTRAL charge. Ex 1: Na + and Cl - forms NaCl charges balance, 1:1

14 Writing Binary Formulas Ions combine to form compounds with NEUTRAL charge. Ex 1: Na + and Cl - forms NaCl charges balance, 1:1 Ex 2: Cu 2+ and Br - charges do not balance...

15 "Criss-Cross" Method Cu 2+ Br -

16 "Criss-Cross" Method Cu 2+ Br -1 Criss-Cross charges to get subscripts

17 "Criss-Cross" Method Cu 2+ Br -1 Cu 1 Br 2 CuBr 2 Criss-Cross charges to get subscripts

18 Practice: Writing Binary Formulas worksheet

19 Naming Ionic Compounds *Use your bright yellow sheet! Don't attach to notebook because you will be able to use on tests/quizzes: Please don't write extra notes on it!

20 Naming Ionic Compounds *Use your bright yellow sheet! Don't attach to notebook because you will be able to use on tests/quizzes: Please don't write extra notes on it! To name an ionic compound (ex: NaCl) 1. Name the first element

21 Naming Ionic Compounds *Use your bright yellow sheet! Don't attach to notebook because you will be able to use on tests/quizzes: Please don't write extra notes on it! To name an ionic compound: (ex: NaCl) 1. Name the first element Sodium

22 Naming Ionic Compounds *Use your bright yellow sheet! Don't attach to notebook because you will be able to use on tests/quizzes: Please don't write extra notes on it! To name an ionic compound: (ex: NaCl) 1. Name the first element Sodium 2. Change the suffix of the second element to -ide Chlorine --> Chloride

23 Naming Ionic Compounds *Use your bright yellow sheet! Don't attach to notebook because you will be able to use on tests/quizzes: Please don't write extra notes on it! To name an ionic compound: (ex: NaCl) 1. Name the first element Sodium 2. Change the suffix of the second element to -ide Chlorine --> Chloride Sodium Chloride!

24 Practice: Naming Binary Ionic Compounds worksheet

25 Look at problems 4-5, 6-7,

26 Look at problems 4-5, 6-7, CuBr and CuBr 2 are both copper bromide??

27 Look at problems 4-5, 6-7, CuBr and CuBr 2 are both copper bromide?? *Notes: Transition metals (middle of periodic table) can form more than one ion

28 Look at problems 4-5, 6-7, CuBr and CuBr 2 are both copper bromide?? *Notes: Many transition metals (middle of periodic table) can form more than one ion Use Roman Numerals in parentheses to show charge

29 Look at problems 4-5, 6-7, CuBr and CuBr 2 are both copper bromide?? *Notes: Many transition metals (middle of periodic table) can form more than one ion Use Roman Numerals in parentheses to show charge

30 Look at problems 4-5, 6-7, CuBr and CuBr 2 are both copper bromide?? *Notes: Many transition metals (middle of periodic table) can form more than one ion Use Roman Numerals in parentheses to show charge Copper (I) Bromide and Copper (II) Bromide

31 Look at problems 4-5, 6-7, CuBr and CuBr 2 are both copper bromide?? *Notes: Many transition metals (middle of periodic table) can form more than one ion Use Roman Numerals in parentheses to show charge Copper (I) Bromide and Copper (II) Bromide

32 Some ions are polyatomic ions

33 Some ions are polyatomic ions (more than one atom bonded together)

34 Some ions are polyatomic ions (more than one atom bonded together) Use yellow sheet to know polyatomic ions (ex: carbonate: CO 3 2- )

35 Some ions are polyatomic ions (more than one atom bonded together) Use yellow sheet to know polyatomic ions (ex: carbonate: CO 3 2- ) Atoms with polyatomic ions are named the same way as binary compounds.

36 Example: Calcium Carbonate

37 Example: Calcium Carbonate Positive ion (cation) Negative ion (anion) Formula

38 Example: Calcium Carbonate Positive ion (cation) Negative ion (anion) Formula Ca 2+ CO 3 2-

39 Example: Calcium Carbonate Positive ion (cation) Negative ion (anion) Formula Ca 2+ CO 3 2- CaCO 3

40 Example: Calcium Carbonate Positive ion (cation) Negative ion (anion) Formula Ca 2+ CO 3 2- CaCO 3 Example: Barium Nitrate

41 Example: Calcium Carbonate Positive ion (cation) Negative ion (anion) Formula Ca 2+ CO 3 2- CaCO 3 Example: Barium Nitrate Positive ion (cation) Negative ion (anion) Formula Ba 2+ NO 3 -

42 Example: Calcium Carbonate Positive ion (cation) Negative ion (anion) Formula Ca 2+ CO 3 2- CaCO 3 Example: Barium Nitrate Positive ion (cation) Negative ion (anion) Formula Ba 2+ NO 3 - Ba(NO 3 ) 2

43 Example: Calcium Carbonate Positive ion (cation) Negative ion (anion) Formula Ca 2+ CO 3 2- CaCO 3 Example: Barium Nitrate Positive ion (cation) Negative ion (anion) Formula Ba 2+ NO 3 - Ba(NO 3 ) 2 *Use parentheses around NO 3 so it doesn't look like NO 32!

44 Homework: Formula Writing Worksheet

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