Fabrication of Amorphous Carbon-Coated NiO Nanofibers for Electrochemical Capacitor Applications

Transcription

1 This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 213 Electronic Supplementary Information (ESI) for Fabrication of Amorphous Carbon-Coated O Nanofibers for Electrochemical Capacitor Applications Dong Hoon Shin, Jun Seop Lee, Jaemoon Jun and Jyongsik Jang * World Class University (WCU) program of Chemical Convergence for Energy & Environment (C 2 E 2 ), School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Seoul National University (SNU), 99 Gwanangno, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, (Korea). Fax: ; Tel: ; jsjang@plaza.snu.ac.kr 1

2 This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 213 Fe 3+ adsorbed O NFs Vapor Deposition Polymerization (VDP) Ppy coated O NFs O δ - Fe 3+ N H Exposure to vaporized Py monomer O δ - Fe 2+ N H O δ- Fe 3+ N H O δ- Fe 2+ N H Figure S1. Illustration of the chemical oxidation polymerization process on the O NFs surfaces. 2

3 This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 213 carbon carbon Figure S2. TEM and HR-TEM (inset) images of C NFs cabonized at C and 6 C for 1 h with argon flow. 3

4 Volume adsorbed (cm 3 /g) Volume adsorbed (cm 3 /g) Pore volume (cm 3 /g) Volume adsorbed (cm 3 /g) Pore volume (cm 3 /g) Volume adsorbed (cm 3 /g) Pore Pore volume volume (cm (cm 3 3 /g) /g) Volume adsorbed (cm 3 /g) Pore volume (cm 3 /g) Volume adsorbed (cm 3 /g) Pore volume (cm 3 /g) This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry P_L 8 (c) Relative pressure (P/P ) Relative pressure (P/P ) Relative pressure (P/P ) (d) 8 C_L (e) 8 (f) Relative pressure (P/P ) Relative pressure (P/P ) Relative pressure (P/P ) Figure S3. BET and BJH (inset) of polypyrrole coated O NFs with low, medium, (c) high thickness coating layer, and amorphous carbon-coated O NFs with (d) low, (e) medium, (f) high thickness coating layer. 4

5 This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 213 Table S1. Coating layers thickness and surface area of each sample. Sample Coating layer thickness (nm) Surface area (m 2 g -1 ) Pristine O NFs P_L C_L

6 This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 213 Figure S4. TEM images of PPy NTs and CNTs fabricated by hard template method. 6

7 This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry PPy NTs 1 1 CNTs (c) 1 1 O mv s -1 3 mv s -1 mv s -1 1 mv s mv s -1 3 mv s -1 mv s -1 1 mv s mv s -1 3 mv s -1 mv s -1 1 mv s (d) 1 1 P_L (e) 1 1 (f) mv s -1 3 mv s -1 mv s -1 1 mv s mv s -1 3 mv s -1 mv s -1 1 mv s mv s -1 3 mv s -1 mv s -1 1 mv s (g) 1 1 C_L (h) 1 1 (I) mv s -1 3 mv s -1 mv s -1 1 mv s mv s -1 3 mv s -1 mv s -1 1 mv s mv s -1 3 mv s -1 mv s -1 1 mv s Figure S. CV curves with various scan rate (1 to 1 mv s -1 ) of PPy NTs, CNTs, (c) pristine O NFs, (d) P_L, (e), (f), (g) C_L, (h) and (i). 7

8 This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry (c) (d) (g) PPy NTs P_L. (e) (h) CNTs (f) (i) O C_L Figure S6. Galvanostatic charge/discharge with various current density (.3 to )of PPy NTs, CNTs, (c) pristine O NFs, (d) P_L, (e), (f), (g) C_L, (h) and (i). 8

9 F/g F/g This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry Current density (A g -1 ) Current density (A g -1 ) Figure S7. Specific capacitance of P NFs with medium (blue) and high thickness (green) and C NFs with medium (blue) and high thickness (green) at different current density (.3 to ). 9

10 F/g F/g F/g This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry O CNTs PPy NTs Scan rate (mv s -1 ) P_L 2 1 (c) Scan rate (mv s -1 ) C_L Scan rate (mv s -1 ) Figure S8. Specific capacitance of pristine O (black), PPy NTs (orange), CNTs (purple), P NFs and C NFs with different scan rate (1 to 1 mv s -1 ). 1

11 Retention (%) Retention (%) This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry Cycling number (N) Cycling number (N) Figure S9. Long-life cyclic stability of medium thickness coated of P NFs (blue) and C NFs (red) and high thickness of coated P NFs (blue) and C NFs (red). 11