Unit 3 Review Sheet 1. Which set contains only chemical properties? 6. Which is the same for both potassium (K) and manganese (Mn)?

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1 1. Which set contains only chemical properties? A. Boiling point, conductivity, magnetism B. Melting point, corrosive, inert C. Flammability, solubility, reactivity D. Inert, flammability, reactivity 2. A physical property of sodium is that it A. Is very reactive with water. B. Is so soft it can be cut with a knife. C. Corrodes quickly when in air. D. Is inert when stored in kerosene. 3. When cesium (Cs) is added to a container of water, it reacts so violently that the container explodes. Which property of cesium explains why this happens? A. Cesium is one of the least reactive elements. B. Cesium has a very large atomic radius. C. Cesium has very low ionization energy. D. Cesium has a very large ionic radius. 4. When carbon dioxide gas is put in very low temperatures, it changes directly from a gas to a solid without going through the liquid phase. What kind of change is this and what is it called? A. A chemical change called evaporation. B. A physical change called condensation. C. A chemical change called reactivation. D. A physical change called sublimation. 5. When baking soda is mixed with vinegar, the contents fizz and bubble up out the beaker. Also, the beaker feels very cold to the touch. What kind of change is this and why? A. A chemical change because energy was released and a color change occurred. B. A chemical change because energy was absorbed and a gas was produced. C. A physical change because the liquid changes to a gas. D. A physical change the identity of the substances did not change. 6. Which is the same for both potassium (K) and manganese (Mn)? A. They both have the same number of protons. B. They both have the same number of valence electrons. C. They both have their valence electrons in the same energy level. D. They both have their valence protons in the same energy level. 7. Which statement is an accurate description of group 13 on the periodic table? A. It contains element with the same atomic mass. B. It contains elements with the same number of protons. C. It contains elements with the same number of energy levels. D. It contains element with the same number of valence electrons. 8. Which of the following is a noble gas and is located in period 4? A. Krypton (Kr) C. Bromine (Br) B. Zirconium (Zr) D. Calcium (Ca) 9. Which element is a metal in period 3 of the periodic table? A. Silicon (Si) C. Chlorine (Cl) B. Aluminum (Al) D. Scandium (Sc) 10. The table below contains a list of properties for an unidentified element, X. Physical Characteristics Malleable, lustrous, lightweight Reactivity Resistant to corrosion, most reactive with oxygen Ion formed +3 Melting point ( C) 660 Boiling point ( C) 2519 Based on the properties in the table above, to which of the following groups from the periodic table does element X most likely belong? A. 1 C. 2 B. 3 D. 15

2 11. A solid that is a poor conductor and very dull (not lustrous) would be A. Scandium (Sc) C. Indium (In) B. Germanium (Ge) D. Phosphorus (P) 12. A solid that is malleable, a good conductor, and lustrous would be A. Cesium (Cs) C. Arsenic (As) B. Carbon (C) D. Astatine (At) 13. A solid that is a moderate conductor, malleable, but not lustrous would be A. Osmium (Os) C. Thallium (Tl) B. Selenium (Se) D. Silicon (Si) 14. How many valence electrons does an element require in order to be stable and what is this called? A. 6, sextet C. 2, ditet B. 8, octet D. 4, tetret 15. Which of the following is correct for the charges of the elements on the periodic table? A. Metals typically develop negative charges. B. Nonmetals typically develop positive charges. C. Both metals and nonmetals typically develop positive charges. D. Metals typically develop positive charges, and nonmetals typically develop negative charges. 16. When selenium (Se) forms an ion, it A. Gains two electrons B. Loses two electrons C. Gains two protons D. Loses two protons 17. Elements that form ions with a -1 oxidation number are A. Alkali metals B. Alkaline Earth metals C. Halogens D. Noble gases 18. The Alkali metals A. Gain one electron to become stable. B. Have a -1 oxidation number. C. Lose 1 proton to become stable. D. Lose one electron to become stable. 19. Which of the following correctly describes Mendeleev s periodic table? A. He created the modern periodic table. B. He arranged the elements by increasing atomic mass. C. He arranged the elements by increasing atomic number. D. He labeled the periods and groups on the periodic table. 20. Which of the following correctly describes Moseley s periodic table? A. He arranged the elements by increasing atomic mass. B. He left blank spaces for undiscovered elements. C. He arranged the elements by increasing atomic number. D. He is the father of the periodic table. 21. The potassium ion (K +1 ) has an ionic radius of 152 picometers (1 pm = m). Use the periodic table to determine the most likely ionic radii, in pm, for the sodium ion (Na +1 ) and the rubidium ion (Rb +1 ). A. Na +1 = 166 and Rb +1 = 116 B. Na +1 = 116 and Rb +1 = 166 C. Na +1 = 116 and Rb +1 = 106 D. Na +1 = 106 and Rb +1 = The element that is more reactive than potassium (K) and strontium (Sr), but less reactive than cesium (Cs) is A. Francium(Fr) C. Rubidium (Rb) B. Sodium (Na) D. Calcium (Ca) 23. Which element requires less energy to remove an electron? A. Iodine (I) C. Chlorine (Cl) B. Bromine (Br) D. Fluorine (F) 24. Which element has the larger atomic radius? A. Potassium(K) C. Barium (Ba) B. Sulfur (S) D. Fluorine (F)

3 Use the table below to answer questions Period Melting Point ( C) Alkali Metals Melting Point ( C) Alkaline Earth Metals Which element has a melting point of 39.0 C? A. Rubidium (Rb) C. Strontium (Sr) B. Vanadium (V) D. Niobium (Nb) 26. Which statement correctly describes the general trend for melting point of the Alkaline Earth metals? A. Melting point generally increases as atomic number increases. B. Melting point generally decreases as atomic number increases. C. Melting point first increases and then decreases as atomic number increases. D. Melting point first decreases and then increases as atomic number increases. How many acres of farmland per capita were there in Africa in the year 2000? A..27 C..75 B D The amount of available farmland per capita is declining globally due in part to soil degradation. Figure 1 displays the change in per capita farmland for three regions of the world during a twenty-year period. Many factors contribute to soil degradation. Figure 2 displays the percent contribution of the four main factors contributing to soil degradation in seven regions of the world.

4 28. When a ray of light hits a flat surface at a 90 angle, it is reflected back in the exact same direction from whence it came. If light hits the surface at a different angle, however, it is reflected from the surface at the same angle with the normal as the angle at which it came in (Figure 1). Unit 3 Review Sheet Based on the data presented in Figure 2, what is the reflectance of aluminum at an 82.5 angle of incidence? The normal is a theoretical line perpendicular to the reflecting surface at the incoming ray's point of contact. Usually, a surface does not reflect all of the light that hits it. The reflectance of a surface or substance is the ratio of reflected light intensity to incident light intensity. Figure 2 shows the reflectance of aluminum and a dielectric at different angles of incidence. A..49 C..95 B..90 D..40 A dielectric is a non-conducting substance - almost every non-metal fits into this category. Figure 3 shows the reflectance of aluminum and gold at different wavelengths of light.

5 29. A group of scientists wanting to investigate the relationship between plant size and seed weight designed and carried out the two following experiments. Experiment 1 In a temperate deciduous forest, the scientists analyzed a 1600 square meter plot. They classified each plant in the plots as a scrub, herb, shrub, or tree. Then, they weighed the seeds of each classification of plant and averaged their findings. Figure 1 shows the results of Experiment 1. Experiment 2 In the same temperate deciduous forest, the scientists analyzed thirteen distinct populations of the common mullein. For each population, the mean vegetative weight was measured as well as the mean seed weight. Figure 2 shows the results of Experiment 2, along with a best-fit line. According to Figures 1 and 2, the common mullein is most likely which type of plant? A. Scrub C. Herb B. Shrub D. Tree

6 30. Scientists used two different methods to test for the presence of metals in soil removed from an old military installation. Core samples taken from two locations - Site A and Site B - were each divided in two parts. One half of the sample removed from Site A was tested using the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Process (TCLP). TCLP analysis simulates the mobility of metals in a sanitary landfill environment. The other half of the sample removed from Site A was tested using the Synthetic Precipitation Leaching Process (SPLP). SPLP analysis evaluates the potential for leaching metals into ground and surface waters. The sample removed from Site B was likewise divided in half and each portion tested by one of the two methods. The results of each analysis are shown below in Table 1. The results of the soil analyses on samples taken from both sites best support which conclusion below? A. Soil taken from Site A contained higher levels of all metals than soil taken from Site B. B. Soil taken from Site A contained lower levels of all metals than soil taken from Site B. C. Soil taken from Site A contained higher levels of some metals than soil taken from Site B, and lower levels of other metals. D. Soil taken from Site A contained no metals.