Electrons. Chemistry PreAP. Homework Packet

Transcription

1 Electrons Chemistry PreAP Homework Packet Name: 1

2 Name: Date: Period: Part 1 Wave Worksheet e = ÿ. v c = speed of light = 3.00 x 108 m/s wavelength 0Q should be expressed in meters (m) frequency (v) should be expressed in reciprocal seconds (s.l or Hz) I. What is the frequency of radiation with a wavelength of 3.82 x l0-7 m? What part of the electromagnetic spectrum does this fall in? (see notes) 2. What wavelength of radiation has a frequency of 3.40 x 1018 Hz? What palÿ of the electromagnetic spectrum does this fall in? 3. What is the fi'equency of red light if the wavelength is 7.60 x 10-7 m? 4. The green light associated with the aurora borealis is emitted by excited oxygen atoms, Its wavelength is 5,58 x 10-7m? What is the frequency of this green light? 5, Gamma rays have fl'equencies around 1.0 x 1021 Hz, What wavelength does this correspond to? Part 2 lg=hÿ h = Planek's constant = x j. s 6, How much energy does a photon of light with fi'equency 4,2 x 108 Hz have? What part of the electromagnetic spectrum does this fall in? 7, It takes 6.63 x j of energy to eject an electron from a certain atom, What frequency of light is this? What part of the electromagnetic spectrum does this fall in? 8, What is the energy of a photon of light with a wavelength of 6,10 x 10-7m? Hint: you need to use the equation from Part 1 also! What color is this light? 2

3 Electron Configuration Practice Worksheet In the space belowÿ write the unabbreviated electron conjurations AND tile ÿfor the following elements: 1) Magnesium 2) Lithium 3) Argon 4) Silicon 5) Phosphorus Write the electron configurations of the following elements/ions:(may use abbreviated method) 6) Nickel 7) Cadmium 8) Selenium 9) Strontium 10) Francium 11) Iodine 3

4 12) Copper 13) Chromium 14) Lead 15) Calcium ion 16) Fluoride ion 17) Sodium ion 18) Oxide ion 19) Nitride ion 20) Gallium ion Determine what elements are denoted by the following electron configurations: 21) ls22s22p63s23p5 22) 1 s22s22pa3s23p64sz3dl 4p65s2 23) [Iÿ'] 5s24dl 5p4 24) [Xe] 6s24f145d7 25) 1 s22s22p63s23p64s23d8 26) [Ne]3s23p4 Determine whether the following electron configurations are or are not valid and WILY: 27) 1 s22sr2p63 s23p64s24dl 4p6 28) 1 sr2s22p63 s33 d6 29) [Kr] 5s14dl 30) [Xe] 31) [Ne] 3p5 3s2 4

5 ,....,,. ÿ...,,,. ELECTRONIC CONFIGURATION Give the electronic configuration for the following element:. He Be O Na AI 'Ar Sc SJ Ni As Sll Bi ga Cd 2. Identify the specfficelement (symbol) that has the following electronic configuration: 1 s2 2s2 2pl [Ne] 3sÿ 3p3 [AS] 4s1 [Ne] 3s2 3p!.. [As] 4s2 3dt 4p4 [Kr] 5s2 4d1 5p6 ', 'i', [At] asz 3d' [Kr] 5s= o[as] 4s2 3dI 4p2 [Xe] 6st 1 s2 2sÿ 2ps [Xe] 6s2 4fÿ4 5dI 6ps j'] 5s2 4d2 [Ar] 4s2 3d6.,,,'. 5

6 LEVELS, SLrBLEVELS, ORBITALS AND ELECTRONS, Which a) holds a maximum of eight electrons? b b) contains only an s subleve!? e) is the first to have s, p and d sublevels present? d) is the first to have a fsublevel?,2. Which sublevel(s) are present in a) the first energy level? b) the}bird energy level? c) the fourth energy level?, How many ÿ are in a) the first energy Level? b) the s sublevel in thÿ second energy level? c) the p sublevei in the fourth energy level? d) the third energy level? e) the d sublevel inthe fifth energy level? 1 How many electron s (maximum number) may be placed in ii) the second energy level? b) the s orbital in the fourth energy level? c) the d sublevel in the third energy level?, d) one f orbital? e) a 3p orbital? f) a 3p sublevel? g) one p orbital? 6

7 Name Per, Ion Formation Worksheet "The name's Bond, Ionic Bond. I like my electrons taken, not shared." Ions An ion is a charged particle formed by loss or gain of electrons. Atoms form ions in order to attain a stable octet (8 valence electrons) in the outer energy level, Metal atoms LOSE electrons to form POSITIVE ions (CATIONS), Nonmetal atoms GAIN electrons to form NEGATIVE ions (ANIONS), Element Mg Metal or nonmetal? metal e- dot structure MgQ Lose or gain e-? How many? lose 2 Ion formula w/charge Mg 2+ (1) Electron eonfig, of atom (2) Electron eonfig, of ion (1) Mg =!82 2s2 2p 3s2 (2 valence e-) (2) Mg2+ = ls2 2sa 2p6 (8 valence e-) AI S Na Cl Ionic Compound Formation: Simple ionic compounds are formed when a metal loses electrons to a nonmetal, Then the two newly formed + and - ions attract, Complete electron dot diagrams for the following combinations, showing transfer of electrons with arrows. Then write the formula and name for the compound. (a) Mg and S (b) Na and S (c) AI and C1 7

8 Name Period ELECTRON CONFIGURATION REVIEWSHEET 1, Identify the specific element that has the following electron configuration: 1s22s1 1s22s22p6 [Ne]3s23ps [Ar]4s23di04p3 [Kr]5s24dlO5p6 [Ar]4s23d8 2. What outer shell (highest energy level) configuration does each of the following groups have: (Example: group 13 has an s=pi configuration) group 17 group 18 group 15 group 2 group 1 group Fill in the chart with the appropriate information for each atom or ion. Atom/ion electron configuration orbital diagram # of valence electrons Na AI O Na + AI

9 4. Draw a diagram using electron dot structures to show how electrons transfer to form each compound. Then write the chemical formula and chemical name for each. a) Calcium and fluorine b) Magnesium and nitrogen 5. Match the following electron dot notation with the appropriate group # on the periodic table. XQ Group# Xe Group# O Group # Xÿ Group # OO 6. Place the following elements in order of increasing energy level for their last electron: vanadium, lithium, mercury, helium 7. How can an electron move from one energy level to a higher one? 8. What happens when an electron falls from a higher energy level to a lower one? 9. Determine the wavelength (in nanometers) of a photon that contains 2.93 x 102s J. 10. Determine the number of a) electrons in the 3rd energy level b) electrons in the 3rd period c) orbitals in the 3re energy level d) orbitals in the 3re period 9