1. What is an intermolecular force and what are the three types of IMFs? 2. What influences the strength of an IMF?
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1 Collisions Lesson Plan IMF Types Time: 1-2 class periods Lesson Description In this lesson, students will use Collisions to explore the three types of intermolecular forces (IMFs): (1) London Dispersion Forces, (2) dipole-dipole, and (3) hydrogen bonding. Key Essential Questions 1. What is an intermolecular force and what are the three types of IMFs? 2. What influences the strength of an IMF? Learning Outcomes Students will be able to identify the 3 types of intermolecular forces and compare IMF strength. Prior Student Knowledge Expected Atoms can covalently bond together to form molecular compounds. In a bond, electrons are not always evenly shared. Lesson Materials Individual student access to Collisions on tablet, Chromebook, or computer. Projector / display of teacher screen Accompanying student resources (attached) Standards Alignment NGSS Alignment Science & Enginnering Practices Disciplinary Core Ideas Crosscutting Concepts Developing and using models Construcing explanations and designing solutions HS-PS-2. Construct and revise an explanation for the outcome of a simple chemical rection based on the outermost electron states of atoms, trends int he periodic table, and knowledge of the partterns of chemical properties. Patterns Structure and Function PlayMada Games LLC. All rights reserved. 1
2 PART 1: Explore (15 minutes) This is an inquiry-driven activity where students will play the first few levels of the Intermolecular Forces game to introduce themselves to the 3 types of Intermolecular Forces. A student worksheet for this activity can be found on PAGE 5. Direct students to log into Collisions with their individual username and password, enter the Intermolecular Forces game, and follow the directions below. Student answer key below. Questions (ANSWER KEY) 1. What is a temporary dipole? Temporary partially positive and negative ends in an atom or a molecule based on the location of electons 2. Draw the molecule that you created. Draw HCl Level 1 Level 2 3. Are the bonded electrons evenly shared in this molecule? No 3. The molecule that you built has a permanent dipole. What does this mean? A permanent dipole occurs when positive and negative charges are permanently induced in a molecule due to the uneven distribution of electrons 4. What type of intermolecular force (IMF) did you make? Dipole-Dipole 5. In this level, you must create two polar molecules. Did these molecules have temporary or permanent dipoles? Permanent Dipoles 6. What type of IMF did these molecules form? Dipole-Dipole Level 3 Level 4 7. What new type of IMF did you create in this level? Hydrogen Bond 8. Does this type of IMF require stronger or weaker dipoles than a dipole-dipole (D-D) IMF? Stronger 9. What molecule did you build to create a dipole-dipole (D-D) IMF? HBr 10. What molecule did you build to create a hydrogen bond IMF? HF 10. What new type of IMF did you create in this level? London Dispersion Force Level Did the atom/molecules created have a temporary or permanent dipole? Temporary 12. Is this IMF stronger or weaker than a dipole-dipole (D-D) IMF? Weaker 13. What type of IMFs are you creating in this level? London Dispersion Forces Level What is the relationship between electron number and charge imbalance? There is a greater charger imbalance as the number of electrons increase. 15. Which IMF is stronger? An IMF between He or an IMF between Xe? Why? Xe becuase there are more electrons PlayMada Games LLC. All rights reserved. 2
3 PART 2: Explain (15 minutes) Introduce the following concepts with your students. Intermolecular forces are attractive forces that occcurs between molecules. There are 3 types of IMFs: IMF Type Definition London Dispersion Force Attractions between atoms and nonpolar molecules with temporary dipoles Dipole-Dipole Attractions between polar molecules with permanent dipoles Hydrogen Bond Attractions between very polar molecules with permanent dipoles Occurs when H is bonded to N, O, or F Reminder: The Collisions IMF Game Guide includes the following image(s) that you can share with your students as well PlayMada Games LLC. All rights reserved. 3
4 PART 3: Exend (30 minutes) To continue allowing your students to practicing / reviewing IMF Types, assign the IMF Type Extend Activity on page 6. See below for the answer key. Your Results LDF Dipole-Dipole Hydrogen bond He, Xe, CH 4, CO 2, Cl 2 SF 2, CF 2 H 2, HCl, HBr NH 3, HF, HOF PART 4: Evaluate (5 minutes) Project the below image and have students answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper (or create your own molecules in the IMF Sandbox). #1 #2 #3 1 2 Using the images above: 1) What IMF will each atom/molecule above form? 2) Order the images above from weakest to strongest IMF. 3) In Image #3, if the F was changed to an H, would this change the IMF formed? PlayMada Games LLC. All rights reserved. 4
5 IMF Explore IMF TYPES Name: DIRECTIONS: Complete the following activity as an introduction to today s topic: Intemolecular Forces. 1. Log into Collisions and enter the IMFs game. 2. Play through Level 1-6. During play,completed the questions below. Questions 1. What is a temporary dipole? 2. Draw the molecule that you created. Level 1 3. Are the bonded electrons evenly shared in this molecule? 3. The molecule that you built has a permanent dipole. What does this mean? 4. What type of intermolecular force (IMF) did you make? Level 2 5. In this level, you must create two polar molecules. Did these molecules have temporary or permanent dipoles? 6. What type of IMF did these molecules form? 7. What new type of IMF did you create in this level? Level 3 8. Does this type of IMF require stronger or weaker dipoles than a dipole-dipole (D-D) IMF? 2019 PlayMada Games LLC. All rights reserved.
6 IMF Explore IMF TYPES Questions 9. What molecule did you build to create a dipole-dipole (D-D) IMF? Level What molecule did you build to create a hydrogen bond IMF? 10. What new type of IMF did you create in this level? Level Did the atom/molecules created have a temporary or permanent dipole? 12. Is this IMF stronger or weaker than a dipole-dipole (D-D) IMF? 13. What type of IMFs are you creating in this level? Level What is the relationship between electron number and charge imbalance? 15. Which IMF is stronger? An IMF between He or an IMF between Xe? Why? SUMMARY QUESTION: List the three types of IMFs below and order them from weakest to strongest PlayMada Games LLC. All rights reserved.
7 IMF Extend IMF TYPES DIRECTIONS: Complete the following activity as an extension of today s topic: Intemolecular Forces. 1. Based on your assumptions, predict which IMF type the following molecules/atoms have by placing them in a columns below under Your Predictions. Bank of Molecules/Atoms He CO 2 SF 2 NH 3 Xe CF 2 H 2 HCl Cl 2 HBr HOF HF CH 4 Your Predictions LDF Dipole-Dipole Hydrogen Bond Why did you place these atoms/ molecules in this category? Why did you place these atoms/ molecules in this category? Why did you place these atoms/ molecules in this category? 2. Test your predictions by building these atoms/molecules in the IMFs Sandbox with the predicted IMF. Document your results below. Your Results LDF Dipole-Dipole Hydrogen bond 3. How did your predictions compare to the results observed in the IMF Sandbox? 4. How could you change CH 4 to make it a dipole-dipole. Explain why this change makes this difference PlayMada Games LLC. All rights reserved.
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