Final Results from the MEG Experiment and the Status of MEG-II and Mu3e

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Final Results from the MEG Experiment and the Status of MEG-II and Mu3e"

Transcription

1 Final Rsults from th MEG Exprimnt and th Status of MEG-II and Mu3 Francsco Rnga INFN Roma BLV Clvland, May

2 LFV in muon dcays µ γ µ µ 2

3 LFV in muon dcays µ γ µ µ A. D Gouva & P. Vogl Prog.Part.Nucl.Phys. 71 (2013) 3

4 Exprimntal Signatur of µ -> γ µ + + Positron and photon ar monochromatic (52.8 MV), back-to-back and producd at th sam tim; γ Accidntal Background DOMINANT ~ Rµ 2 µ µ Radiativ Muon Dcay (RMD) µ ν ν ν γ γ ν 4

5 Ingrdints for a sarch of µ -> γ Rconstruct th Rlativ Angl + Rconstruct th Positron Enrgy γ µ + Rconstruct th Rlativ Tim Rconstruct th Photon Enrgy 5

6 Th MEG Exprimnt Rconstruct th Rlativ Angl + Rconstruct th Positron Enrgy LX calorimtr 16 Drift Chambrs in a magntic fild LX γ µ + DC Rconstruct th Rlativ Tim TC 30 scintillating bars for timing & triggr Rconstruct th Photon Enrgy 6

7 Bam & Dtctors Th most intns DC muon bam in th world (3 x 10 7 PSI, Switzrland) : 3.5 x µ on targt, BR(µ -> γ) < 5.7 x : 7.5 x µ on targt, rsults prsntd hr 800l LX dtctor rad out by 846 PMTs Eγ Rsolution ~ 1.9% 7

8 Bam & Dtctors 16 Drift Chambr moduls: σ R ~ 300 µm, σ Z ~ 1 mm Vry light (~ 10-3 X 0 ovr th whol spctromtr) 30 scintillating bars (Timing Countrs) ~ 60 ps positron tim rsolution E Rsolution ~ 300 kv Tγ Rsolution ~ 130 ps 8

9 Liklihood Analysis Liklihood analysis of 5 discriminating variabls (E,Eγ, θγ,φγ,tγ): - yar-by-yar and vnt-by-vnt PDFs - carful tratmnt of corrlations (from wll undrstood gomtrical ffcts) Accidntal Background PDFs ar fully dfind from data sidbands: vry solid dtrmination of th (largly) dominant background Signal and radiativ dcay PDFs by combining th rsults of th calibration procdurs Normalization from th obsrvd numbr of µ -> ν ν and RMD 9

10 Rsults (I) NACC = 7684 ± 103 NRMD = 663 ± 59 NSIG (bst fit) = -2.2 Magnifid signal (BR = 4 x ) BR < 4.2 x 90% C.L. Eur. Phys. J. C76 (2016) 10

11 Rsults (II) Toy MC snsitivity Mdian UL = 5.3 x DATA 11

12 Th MEG-II Exprimnt Largr LX volum with finr light dtctor granularity Highr bam intnsity 7 x 10 7 µ/s Uniqu-volum Drift Chambr RMD Vto Scintillator Til TC 12

13 MEG-II Highlights - Th LX Calorimtr MEG W dvlopd larg-ara (12x12 mm 2 ), UV-snsitiv MPPCs to covr th innr fac of th LX calorimtr Bttr Rsolution, bttr pil-up rjction Th dtctor just ntrd th xprimntal ara, rady for a first round of calibrations MEG-II σe ~ 1%, σposition ~ 2/5 mm (x,y/z) 13

14 MEG-II Highlights - Th Timing Countrs 5mm-thick Scintillator Tils rad out by 3x3 mm 2 SiPM 1/2 sctor (1/4 of th full systm) alrady took data at PSI 1 sctor alrady built, final assmbly to b compltd by this summr σt ~ 35 ps 14

15 MEG-II Highlights - Th Drift Chambr > 50% of th chambr has bn wird, aftr having solvd svr problms of wir fragility in not dry nough nvironmnts Expctd to b wird and sald by th nd of th yar σe ~ 130 kv, σangls ~ 5 mrad, 2x largr positron fficincy 15

16 MEG-II Highlights - RDC, DAQ, Triggr RMD Vto 50% of acc. background photons com from RMD w/ positron along th bam lin Can b vtod by dtcting th positron in coincidnc with th photon A nw dtctor (LYSO + plastic scint.) alrady built -> 16% bttr snsitivity Triggr and DAQ will b intgrat in a singl, compact systm (WavDram TDAQ) Also provids powr and amplification for SiPM/MPPC 16

17 Expctd Snsitivity MEG-II is xpctd to start taking data with th full dtctor nxt yar x10 improvmnt in snsitivity w.r.t. MEG 4 x in 4 yars 17

18 Th Mu3 Exprimnt 18

19 Signal and Background + µ positrons and 1 lctron producd at th sam tim, in th sam plac, with Minv = Mµ - Accidntal Background (.g. 2 µ dcays + Bhabha) µ + + µ νν Muon Dcay (RMD + IPC) DOMINANT ν µ ν ν ν 19

20 Mu3 concpt Silicon trackr in a solnoid + scintillators for timing 50 µm HV-maps µm fibrs + 1x1 mm 2 SiPM 5 mm thick tils + 3x3 mm 2 SiPM Phas-I: + Nw compact bam lin for a quick switch btwn MEG & Mu3 Phas-II: - Nw high intnsity muon bam lin (HiMB) 20

21 Status MuPix7 HV-maps (MuPix): pixl prototyps alrady built and tstd 20 mm modul prototyps in 2017 modul production in Scintillating fibrs: Succssful tsts of fibrs and SiPM (700 ps singl fibr rsolution) Nw radout chips rcivd in Jan Scintillating tils: Tils and radout ASIC succssfully tstd < 100 ns rsolution Modul prototyps in

22 Expctd Snsitivity Data taking xpctd to start ~

23 Conclusions Both MEG and Mu3 ar on track for a furthr stp forward in th sarch for chargd Lpton Flavor Violation Within th nxt 5 yars, significativ improvmnts in th currnt limits or (hopfully) a discovry! 23

24 Backup 24

25 Targt hol rconstruction Δx = 0.2 ± 0.1 mm 25

26 Liklihood plots 26

27 Normalization 27

28 Triggr and DAQ FPGA basd triggr systm + (sinc 2011) multipl buffr: - Bam intnsity x accptanc Hz - XEC Enrgy E > 45 MV Hz - -γ Timing Tγ < 10 ns.10 2 Hz - -γ Angl 10 Hz Full digitization of all radout channls for offlin analysis: - custom digitization chip (DRS4) 28

Final Results from the MEG Experiment and the Status of MEG-II

Final Results from the MEG Experiment and the Status of MEG-II Final Results from the MEG Experiment and the Status of MEGII Francesco Renga INFN Roma HQL 2016 Virginia Tech, May 2227 2016 1 Charged Lepton Flavor Violation (clfv) Highlights Charge Lepton Flavor conservation

More information

Search for µ eee at the High Intensity and Technology Frontier: The Mu3e Experiment

Search for µ eee at the High Intensity and Technology Frontier: The Mu3e Experiment Sarch for µ at th High Intnsity and Tchnology Frontir: Th Mu3 Exprimnt Johns-Hopkins Workshop Hidlbrg, July 21-23, 2014 André Schöning Physikalischs Institut, Univrsität Hidlbrg 1 History of LFV Dcay xprimnts

More information

Paul Scherrer Institut Open Users Meeting BV43 February 22, 2012

Paul Scherrer Institut Open Users Meeting BV43 February 22, 2012 Nw Exprimntal Sarch for μ Paul Schrrr Institut Opn Usrs Mting BV43 Fbruary 22, 2012 André Schöning for th Mu3 Collaboration 1 Lpton Flavor Violating Dcay μ+ ++SUSY Exotic Physics 2 Lpton Flavor Violating

More information

The MEG/MEGII and Mu3e experiments at PSI. Angela Papa Paul Scherrer Institut on behalf of the MEG/MEGII and Mu3e collaborations

The MEG/MEGII and Mu3e experiments at PSI. Angela Papa Paul Scherrer Institut on behalf of the MEG/MEGII and Mu3e collaborations The MEG/MEGII and Mu3e experiments at PSI Angela Papa Paul Scherrer Institut on behalf of the MEG/MEGII and Mu3e collaborations Contents Introduction The world s most intense DC muon beam The MEG/MEGII

More information

Search for the Dark Photon at Belle for 0.27 < m A < 3 GeV/c 2

Search for the Dark Photon at Belle for 0.27 < m A < 3 GeV/c 2 Sarch for th Dark Photon at Bll for.7 < m A < 3 GV/c Igal Jagl Univrsity of Hawai i at Mānoa for th Bll Collaboration QCD, Montpllir, 6 Juillt BELLE Igal Jagl (UH) Sarch for th Dark photon at Bll QCD /

More information

THE MTV EXPERIMENT FROM T-VIOLATION TO LORENTZ-VIOLATION. Jiro Murata Rikkyo University for the MTV collaboration INPC2016, Sydney, Sep 11-16, 2016

THE MTV EXPERIMENT FROM T-VIOLATION TO LORENTZ-VIOLATION. Jiro Murata Rikkyo University for the MTV collaboration INPC2016, Sydney, Sep 11-16, 2016 THE MTV EXPERIMENT FROM T-VIOLATION TO LORENTZ-VIOLATION Jiro Murata Rikkyo Univrsity for th MTV collaboration INPC2016 Sydny Sp 11-16 2016 Rikkyo J. Murata Y. Nakaya Y. Totsuka S. Tanaka R. Tanuma T.

More information

LFV Muon Decays and a New Experiment to Search for μ eee (Mu3e)

LFV Muon Decays and a New Experiment to Search for μ eee (Mu3e) LFV Muon Dcays and a Nw Exprimnt to Sarch for μ (Mu3) BLV 2013 Workshop April 8-12, 2013 André Schöning for th Mu3 Collaboration 1 History of LFV Dcay xprimnts upgrad Mu2/Comt 2 LFV Muon Dcays: Exprimntal

More information

The DELPHI experiment at the LEP accelerator at the CERN laboratory

The DELPHI experiment at the LEP accelerator at the CERN laboratory Th DELPHI xprimnt at th LEP acclrator at th CERN laboratory Part 1. Th LEP acclrator Part 2. Th DELPHI xprimnt Part 3. Particl physics rsarch at LEP Th LEP acclrator Th study of collisions btwn lctrons

More information

Update from the Mu3e Experiment

Update from the Mu3e Experiment Update from the Mu3e Experiment Niklaus Berger Physics Institute, University of Heidelberg Charged Lepton Working Group, February 2013 Overview The Challenge: Finding one in 10 16 muon decays The Technology:

More information

The GAP Project: GPU for Online Processing in Low-Level Trigger

The GAP Project: GPU for Online Processing in Low-Level Trigger Th GAP Projct: GPU for Onlin Procssing in Low-Lvl Triggr Massimiliano Fiorini! (Univrsità di Frrara and INFN Frrara)! On bhalf of th GAP Collaboration! GPU in High Enrgy Physics Pisa, 10-12 Sptmbr 2014

More information

Department of Radiation Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden The Svedberg Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden. 1 Introduction

Department of Radiation Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden The Svedberg Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden. 1 Introduction submittd to acta physica slovaca 1 6 η dcay into masurd in pd 3 Hη raction. M. Jacwicz 1, A. Kupść 2 for CELSIUS/WASA Collaboration Dpartmnt of Radiation Scincs, Uppsala Univrsity, Swdn Th Svdbrg Laboratory,

More information

Low-energy QED tests (and what we can learn from them)

Low-energy QED tests (and what we can learn from them) Low-nrgy QED tsts (and what w can larn from thm) (0γ) 2γ (4γ) (1γ) 3γ (5γ) Indirct Sarchs for Nw Physics at th tim of LHC Flornc, March 2010 Andrzj Czarncki U. of Albrta & CERN Outlin Gyromagntic factors

More information

Estimation of the two-photon QED background in Belle II

Estimation of the two-photon QED background in Belle II Estimation of th two-photon QED background in Bll II Elna Ndlkovska, Christian Kisling Max-Planck Institut for physics, Munich Upgrad to th Bll II dtctor Expctd background at Bll II QED xprimnts prformd

More information

Data Analysis for the MEG Experiment. Francesco Renga & Cecilia Voena INFN Roma

Data Analysis for the MEG Experiment. Francesco Renga & Cecilia Voena INFN Roma Data Analysis for the MEG Experiment Francesco Renga & Cecilia Voena INFN Roma Outline Historical & Theoretical Introduction The m e g signature The detector Analysis Strategy Event Reconstruction & Selection

More information

The mechanisms of antihydrogen formation

The mechanisms of antihydrogen formation Th mchanisms of antihydrogn formation E.Lodi Rizzini, L.Vnturlli, N.Zurlo, (ATHENA Collaboration) Prsntd by L.Vnturlli Brscia Univrsity & INFN (Italy) 2.5 cm 10 4 pbars 10 8 + 3T 1 Antihydrogn Exprimnts

More information

IV. e + e annihilation experiments 1. Experimental methods Discovery of the Tau-Lepton 5. hadrons 6. Hadronic resonances

IV. e + e annihilation experiments 1. Experimental methods Discovery of the Tau-Lepton 5. hadrons 6. Hadronic resonances IV. annihilation xprimnts 1. Exprimntal mthods. 3. 4. Discovry of th Tau-Lpton 5. (γ ) µ µ (γ ) hadrons 6. Hadronic rsonancs Lit.: H.U Martyn, Tst of QED in Quantum Elctrodynamics, T.Kinoshita (d.) 1.

More information

μ eee A novel experiment searching for the lepton flavour violating decay Niklaus Berger Physics Institute, University of Heidelberg

μ eee A novel experiment searching for the lepton flavour violating decay Niklaus Berger Physics Institute, University of Heidelberg A novl xprimnt sarching for th lpton flavour violating dcay μ Niklaus Brgr Physics Institut, Univrsity of Hidlbrg NuFACT, August 2011 Ovrviw Why sarching for lpton flavour violation? Whr can lpton flavour

More information

New Muon Lifetime and the Fermi Coupling Constant G F. Kevin Giovanetti James Madison University

New Muon Lifetime and the Fermi Coupling Constant G F. Kevin Giovanetti James Madison University Nw Muon Liftim and th Frmi Coupling Constant G F Kvin Giovantti Jams Madison Univrsity HallC mting, JLAB, Aug 10, 007 a µ = g µ / Prcision FUNDAMENTAL Muon Phyiscs SYMMETRIES Prcision Masurmnts of Standard

More information

MEG II 実験の準備状況と 今後の展望 東京大学 素粒子物理国際研究センター 岩本敏幸 他MEG II コラボレーション 2018年9月14日 日本物理学会2018年秋季大会 信州大学 JSPS Core-to-Core Program

MEG II 実験の準備状況と 今後の展望 東京大学 素粒子物理国際研究センター 岩本敏幸 他MEG II コラボレーション 2018年9月14日 日本物理学会2018年秋季大会 信州大学 JSPS Core-to-Core Program MEG II MEG II 2018 9 14 2018 Introduction Flavor physics Why do we have three generations in the SM? charged Lepton Flavor Violation FV happens in quark, neutral lepton sector Why not in charged lepton

More information

Neutrino Physics. Caren Hagner, Universität Hamburg

Neutrino Physics. Caren Hagner, Universität Hamburg Nutrino Physics Carn Hagnr, Univrsität Hamburg What ar nutrinos? Nutrino mass and mixing Nutrino oscillations Nutrino bams: OPERA Oscillation of acclrator nutrinos Solar Nutrinos: BOREXINO (KamLAND ractor

More information

arxiv: v1 [physics.ins-det] 1 Sep 2009

arxiv: v1 [physics.ins-det] 1 Sep 2009 The MEG Spectrometer at PSI Paolo Walter Cattaneo on behalf of the MEG collaboration INFN Pavia, Via Bassi 6, Pavia, I-27100, Italy arxiv:0909.0199v1 [physics.ins-det] 1 Sep 2009 The MEG experiment is

More information

The Mu3e Experiment. Niklaus Berger. Physics Institute, University of Heidelberg. Charged Lepton Flavour Violation Workshop, Lecce, May 2013

The Mu3e Experiment. Niklaus Berger. Physics Institute, University of Heidelberg. Charged Lepton Flavour Violation Workshop, Lecce, May 2013 The Mu3e Experiment Niklaus Berger Physics Institute, University of Heidelberg Charged Lepton Flavour Violation Workshop, Lecce, May 2013 Overview The Question: Can we observe charged lepton flavour violation?

More information

LEP Higgs Search Results. Chris Tully Weak Interactions and Neutrinos Workshop January 21-26, 2002

LEP Higgs Search Results. Chris Tully Weak Interactions and Neutrinos Workshop January 21-26, 2002 LEP Higgs Sarch Rsults Chris Tully Wak Intractions and Nutrinos Workshop January 1-6, 00 Viw of LEP Exprimnts Spontanous Symmtry Braking Higgs Fild 1-complx doublt Hyprcharg(Y) U(1) Y Symmtry Lft-Handd

More information

The Mu3e PSI

The Mu3e PSI The Mu3e Experiment @ PSI searching for the neutrinoless muon decay m + e + e - e + Alessandro Bravar for the Mu3e Collaboration t 2014 Aachen, September 17 2014 LFV in Standard Model In SM (m n = 0) Lepton

More information

Moon Moon Devi. INO.

Moon Moon Devi. INO. Moon Moon Dvi. INO. Plan of Th Talk: Motivation. Nutrino intractions and cross sctions. Diffrnt Exprimnts to masur nutrino cross sctions Dscriptions. Rsults. Conclusion. Motivation: To study nuclon structur.

More information

Radiation Physics Laboratory - Complementary Exercise Set MeBiom 2016/2017

Radiation Physics Laboratory - Complementary Exercise Set MeBiom 2016/2017 Th following qustions ar to b answrd individually. Usful information such as tabls with dtctor charactristics and graphs with th proprtis of matrials ar availabl in th cours wb sit: http://www.lip.pt/~patricia/fisicadaradiacao.

More information

Status of LAr TPC R&D (2) 2014/Dec./23 Neutrino frontier workshop 2014 Ryosuke Sasaki (Iwate U.)

Status of LAr TPC R&D (2) 2014/Dec./23 Neutrino frontier workshop 2014 Ryosuke Sasaki (Iwate U.) Status of LAr TPC R&D (2) 214/Dc./23 Nutrino frontir workshop 214 Ryosuk Sasaki (Iwat U.) Tabl of Contnts Dvlopmnt of gnrating lctric fild in LAr TPC Introduction - Gnrating strong lctric fild is on of

More information

Electroweak studies and search for new phenomena at HERA

Electroweak studies and search for new phenomena at HERA Elctrowak studis and sarch for nw phnomna at HERA A.F.Żarncki Warsaw Univrsity for ZEUS A.F.Żarncki Elctrowak studis and sarch for nw phnomna at HERA p./25 Outlin Introduction HERA and xprimnts A.F.Żarncki

More information

The Mu3e PSI

The Mu3e PSI The Mu3e Experiment @ PSI searching for the neutrinoless muon decay m + e + e - e + Tau 2016 Beijing, Sept. 23, 2016 Alessandro Bravar for the Mu3e Collaboration LFV in Standard Model Flavor Conservation

More information

TESTING LEPTON UNIVERSALITY WITH RARE PION AND KAON DECAYS Prepared for the 2011 DOE Intensity Frontier Workshop 1

TESTING LEPTON UNIVERSALITY WITH RARE PION AND KAON DECAYS Prepared for the 2011 DOE Intensity Frontier Workshop 1 TESTING LEPTON UNIVESALITY WITH AE PION AND KAON DECAYS Prpard for th 2011 DOE Intnsity Frontir Workshop 1 Douglas Bryman Univrsity of British Columbia Octobr 20, 2011 ABSTACT ar pion and kaon dcays provid

More information

Residence Times Difference (RTD) - Fluxgate Magnetometer A.A. 2007/2008

Residence Times Difference (RTD) - Fluxgate Magnetometer A.A. 2007/2008 Univrsità dgli Studi di atania Facoltà di Inggnria Dipartimnto di Inggnria Elttrica Elttronica di Sistmi Rsidnc Tims Diffrnc (RTD) - Fluxgat Magntomtr Ing.. arlo Trigona A.A. 007/ Outlin lassification

More information

Track reconstruction for the Mu3e experiment Alexandr Kozlinskiy (Mainz, KPH) for the Mu3e collaboration DPG Würzburg (.03.22, T85.

Track reconstruction for the Mu3e experiment Alexandr Kozlinskiy (Mainz, KPH) for the Mu3e collaboration DPG Würzburg (.03.22, T85. Track reconstruction for the Mu3e experiment Alexandr Kozlinskiy (Mainz, KPH) for the Mu3e collaboration DPG 2018 @ Würzburg (.03.22, T85.1) Mu3e Experiment Mu3e Experiment: Search for Lepton Flavor Violation

More information

DIS-Parity. Search for New Physics Through Parity Violation In Deep Inelastic Electron Scattering. The Physics Case

DIS-Parity. Search for New Physics Through Parity Violation In Deep Inelastic Electron Scattering. The Physics Case DIS-Parity Sarch for Nw Physics Through Parity Violation In Dp Inlastic Elctron Scattring Th Physics Cas R. Arnold for th DIS-Parity Collaboration Exprimnt Plan by Stv Rock will follow 12 Jun 2003 DIS-Parity

More information

High Energy Physics. Lecture 5 The Passage of Particles through Matter

High Energy Physics. Lecture 5 The Passage of Particles through Matter High Enrgy Physics Lctur 5 Th Passag of Particls through Mattr 1 Introduction In prvious lcturs w hav sn xampls of tracks lft by chargd particls in passing through mattr. Such tracks provid som of th most

More information

Search for thermonuclear x-ray bursts with Integral

Search for thermonuclear x-ray bursts with Integral Sarch for thrmonuclar x-ray bursts with Intgral, Vinna Tchnical Univrsity Tutors: Clia Sanchz & Erik Kuulkrs Contnts What? X-ray binaris X-ray bursts Intgral and its instrumnts Why? th Galactic Bulg Monitoring

More information

Diffractive Dijet Production with Leading Proton in ep Collisions at HERA

Diffractive Dijet Production with Leading Proton in ep Collisions at HERA Diffractiv Dijt Production with Lading Proton in p Collisions at HERA JHEP [arxiv:150.01683] Radk Žlbčík Charls Univrsity Eric 015 Diffraction Th scattrd proton stays intact Exchang with vacuum quantum

More information

Results and perspectives of the MEG and MEG II experiments

Results and perspectives of the MEG and MEG II experiments IL NUOVO CIMENTO 38 C (2015) 12 DOI 10.1393/ncc/i2015-15012-7 Colloquia: IFAE 2014 Results and perspectives of the MEG and MEG II experiments Marco Venturini on behalf of the MEG Collaboration Scuola Normale

More information

PoS(TIPP2014)033. Upgrade of MEG Liquid Xenon Calorimeter. Ryu SAWADA. ICEPP, the University of Tokyo

PoS(TIPP2014)033. Upgrade of MEG Liquid Xenon Calorimeter. Ryu SAWADA. ICEPP, the University of Tokyo ICEPP, the University of Tokyo E-mail: sawada@icepp.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp The MEG experiment yielded the most stringent upper limit on the branching ratio of the flavorviolating muon decay µ + e + γ. A major

More information

PoS(INPC2016)185. The MTV Experiment: from T Violation To Lorentz Violation

PoS(INPC2016)185. The MTV Experiment: from T Violation To Lorentz Violation Th MTV Exprimnt: from T Violation To Lorntz Violation 1, H. Baba 2, J.A. Bhr 3, F. Goto 4, S. Inaba 1, H. Kawamura 5, M. Kitaguchi 4, C.D.P Lvy 3, H. Masuda 1, Y. Nakaya 1, K. Ninomiya 1, J. Onishi 1,

More information

Charged Lepton Flavour Violation:

Charged Lepton Flavour Violation: Charged Lepton Flavour Violation: mu2e, mu3e and Comet Gavin Hesketh, UCL Thanks to Mark Lancaster, Yoshi Uchida, Joost Vossebeld 2 Charged Lepton Flavour Violation () complimentary way to search for new

More information

The Weak Interaction: A Drama in Many Acts

The Weak Interaction: A Drama in Many Acts Th Wak Intraction: A Drama in Many Acts 1890 s: Rontgn discovrs rays Thought Uranium salts wr affctd by th sun but rainy Paris soon hlpd showing othrwis. 190 s: Pauli proposs To xplain continuous spctrum:

More information

Pair (and Triplet) Production Effect:

Pair (and Triplet) Production Effect: Pair (and riplt Production Effct: In both Pair and riplt production, a positron (anti-lctron and an lctron (or ngatron ar producd spontanously as a photon intracts with a strong lctric fild from ithr a

More information

Studies of Turbulence and Transport in Alcator C-Mod Ohmic Plasmas with Phase Contrast Imaging and Comparisons with GYRO*

Studies of Turbulence and Transport in Alcator C-Mod Ohmic Plasmas with Phase Contrast Imaging and Comparisons with GYRO* Studis of Turbulnc and Transport in Ohmic Plasmas with Phas Contrast Imaging and Comparisons with GYRO* L. Lin 1, M. Porkolab 1, E.M. Edlund 1, J.C. Rost 1, M. Grnwald 1, D.R. Mikklsn 2, N. Tsujii 1 1

More information

Standard Model - Electroweak Interactions. Standard Model. Outline. Weak Neutral Interactions. Electroweak Theory. Experimental Tests.

Standard Model - Electroweak Interactions. Standard Model. Outline. Weak Neutral Interactions. Electroweak Theory. Experimental Tests. Standard Modl - Elctrowak Intractions Outlin ak Nutral Intractions Nutral Currnts (NC) Elctrowak Thory ± and Z and γ Discovry of ± Exprimntal Tsts LEP Z Boson Mass and idth Numbr of Nutrinos ± Boson ±

More information

Neutrino Oscillation Experiments at Reactors and Accelerators

Neutrino Oscillation Experiments at Reactors and Accelerators Nutrino Oscillation Exprimnts at Ractors and Acclrators Gaston Wilqut IIHE-Univrsité Libr d Bruxlls IV èms Rncontrs du Vitnam, Hanoi, July 2000 Contnts CHOOZ and PALO VERDE long baslin xprimnts Sarch for

More information

A new idea to search for charged lepton flavor violation using a muonic atom

A new idea to search for charged lepton flavor violation using a muonic atom Journal of Physics: Confrnc Sris OPEN ACCESS A nw ida to sarch for chargd lpton flavor violation using a muonic atom To cit this articl: Jo Sato 2014 J. Phys.: Conf. Sr. 485 012036 Rlatd contnt - Sarch

More information

Davisson Germer experiment Announcements:

Davisson Germer experiment Announcements: Davisson Grmr xprimnt Announcmnts: Homwork st 7 is du Wdnsday. Problm solving sssions M3-5, T3-5. Th 2 nd midtrm will b April 7 in MUEN E0046 at 7:30pm. BFFs: Davisson and Grmr. Today w will go ovr th

More information

Neutrinos are one of the fundamental particles and have only week interaction. Neutrino has a zero mass, a zero charge and a spin 1/2.

Neutrinos are one of the fundamental particles and have only week interaction. Neutrino has a zero mass, a zero charge and a spin 1/2. Vladimir Kravtsov Particls of th Standard Modl Within th SM thr ar 3 diffrnt familis of particls. Each lpton has a nutrino associatd with it. Nutrinos ar on of th fundamntal particls and hav only wk intraction.

More information

Exact formula of 3 flavor ν oscillation probability and its application to high energy astrophysical ν

Exact formula of 3 flavor ν oscillation probability and its application to high energy astrophysical ν Exact formula of 3 flavor ν oscillation probability and its application to high nrgy astrophysical ν Osamu Yasuda Tokyo Mtropolitan nivrsity 1-16 16-5 at Miami5 Contnts 1. Introduction 1.1 Status of ν

More information

Searching for chirality flipping interactions in nuclear beta decay. Presentation to REU Students July 2015

Searching for chirality flipping interactions in nuclear beta decay. Presentation to REU Students July 2015 Sarching for chirality flipping intractions in nuclar bta dcay Prsntation to REU Studnts July 015 Wak intractions in nucli: a prob to sarch for nw physics Aljandro Garcia Univrsity of Washington Whil th

More information

Outline. Why speech processing? Speech signal processing. Advanced Multimedia Signal Processing #5:Speech Signal Processing 2 -Processing-

Outline. Why speech processing? Speech signal processing. Advanced Multimedia Signal Processing #5:Speech Signal Processing 2 -Processing- Outlin Advancd Multimdia Signal Procssing #5:Spch Signal Procssing -Procssing- Intllignt Elctronic Systms Group Dpt. of Elctronic Enginring, UEC Basis of Spch Procssing Nois Rmoval Spctral Subtraction

More information

Notes 4: Experimental evidence for electroweak

Notes 4: Experimental evidence for electroweak Nots 4: Exprimntal vidnc for lctrowak hav sn how th EM and wak forcs can b arrangd in a unifid way, i.. all dscribd undr a singl combind st of mathmatics. To summaris, th main stps wr (1) Rbundl th 1 2

More information

Extraction of Doping Density Distributions from C-V Curves

Extraction of Doping Density Distributions from C-V Curves Extraction of Doping Dnsity Distributions from C-V Curvs Hartmut F.-W. Sadrozinski SCIPP, Univ. California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 9564 USA 1. Connction btwn C, N, V Start with Poisson quation d V =

More information

The Mu3e Experiment - Goal

The Mu3e Experiment - Goal Christian Graf 14.3.2016 The Mu3e Experiment A Calibration Scheme for the Mu3e Tile Detector Master Thesis Presentation for MPI Munich The Mu3e Experiment - Goal p µ DECAY MODES Fraction (Γ i /Γ) Confidence

More information

Forces. Quantum ElectroDynamics. α = = We have now:

Forces. Quantum ElectroDynamics. α = = We have now: W hav now: Forcs Considrd th gnral proprtis of forcs mdiatd by xchang (Yukawa potntial); Examind consrvation laws which ar obyd by (som) forcs. W will nxt look at thr forcs in mor dtail: Elctromagntic

More information

Machine Detector Interface Workshop: ILC-SLAC, January 6-8, 2005.

Machine Detector Interface Workshop: ILC-SLAC, January 6-8, 2005. Intrnational Linar Collidr Machin Dtctor Intrfac Workshop: ILCSLAC, January 68, 2005. Prsntd by Brtt Parkr, BNLSMD Mssag: Tools ar now availabl to optimiz IR layout with compact suprconducting quadrupols

More information

Nuclear reactions The chain reaction

Nuclear reactions The chain reaction Nuclar ractions Th chain raction Nuclar ractions Th chain raction For powr applications want a slf-sustaind chain raction. Natural U: 0.7% of 235 U and 99.3% of 238 U Natural U: 0.7% of 235 U and 99.3%

More information

arxiv: v1 [hep-ex] 7 Jan 2019

arxiv: v1 [hep-ex] 7 Jan 2019 Masurmnt of Longitudinal Singl-Spin Asymmtry for ± Production in Polarizd Proton+Proton Collisions at STAR arxiv:191.1734v1 [hp-x] 7 Jan 219, for th STAR collaboration Ky Laboratory of Particl Physics

More information

orbiting electron turns out to be wrong even though it Unfortunately, the classical visualization of the

orbiting electron turns out to be wrong even though it Unfortunately, the classical visualization of the Lctur 22-1 Byond Bohr Modl Unfortunatly, th classical visualization of th orbiting lctron turns out to b wrong vn though it still givs us a simpl way to think of th atom. Quantum Mchanics is ndd to truly

More information

Γ W. (GeV) 3. τ e universality in W decays

Γ W. (GeV) 3. τ e universality in W decays UCR/DØ/99-22 FERMILAB-CONF-99/39-E W and Z Proprtis at th Tvatron arxiv:hp-x/99137v1 18 Oct 1999 1 Introduction John Ellison (for th CDF and DØ Collaborations) Dpartmnt of Physics, Univrsity of California,

More information

G-APD + plastic scintillator: fast timing in high magnetic fields

G-APD + plastic scintillator: fast timing in high magnetic fields NDIP 2011 Wir schaffen Wissen heute für morgen Paul Scherrer Institut Alexey Stoykov, Robert Scheuermann, Kamil Sedlak G-APD + plastic scintillator: fast timing in high magnetic fields Outline Scintillation

More information

The failure of the classical mechanics

The failure of the classical mechanics h failur of th classical mchanics W rviw som xprimntal vidncs showing that svral concpts of classical mchanics cannot b applid. - h blac-body radiation. - Atomic and molcular spctra. - h particl-li charactr

More information

Flex-Prints for the Mu3e Experiment

Flex-Prints for the Mu3e Experiment Flex-Prints for the Mu3e Experiment Sebastian Dittmeier on behalf of the Mu3e Collaboration Physikalisches Institut - Universität Heidelberg DPG-Frühjahrstagung Hamburg 29 February 2016 Mu3e - Experimental

More information

MEG. 2.1 KEK PSI PSI MEG II [4] GeV 2. Tevatron [5] 2017 ( 29 ) 12 12

MEG. 2.1 KEK PSI PSI MEG II [4] GeV 2. Tevatron [5] 2017 ( 29 ) 12 12 27 MEG µ + e + γ mori@icepp.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp 27 ( 29 ) 2 2 MEG Mu-E-Gamma [] 999 KEK PSI [2] PSI PSI 6 7 27 28 23 µ eγ 26 4.2 3 [3] MEG II [4] MEG 2 µ eγ µ eγ a µ eγ 54 µ eγ b µ eγ : a b µ eγ 2. 99 CERN

More information

Physics 2D Lecture Slides Lecture 12: Jan 28 th 2004

Physics 2D Lecture Slides Lecture 12: Jan 28 th 2004 Brian Wcht, th TA, is away this wk. I will substitut for his offic hours (in my offic 3314 Mayr Hall, discussion and PS sssion. Pl. giv all rgrad rqusts to m this wk (only) Quiz 3 Will Covr Sctions.1-.5

More information

1.2 Faraday s law A changing magnetic field induces an electric field. Their relation is given by:

1.2 Faraday s law A changing magnetic field induces an electric field. Their relation is given by: Elctromagntic Induction. Lorntz forc on moving charg Point charg moving at vlocity v, F qv B () For a sction of lctric currnt I in a thin wir dl is Idl, th forc is df Idl B () Elctromotiv forc f s any

More information

Davisson Germer experiment

Davisson Germer experiment Announcmnts: Davisson Grmr xprimnt Homwork st 5 is today. Homwork st 6 will b postd latr today. Mad a good guss about th Nobl Priz for 2013 Clinton Davisson and Lstr Grmr. Davisson won Nobl Priz in 1937.

More information

Chapter. 3 Wave & Particles I

Chapter. 3 Wave & Particles I Announcmnt Cours wbpag http://highnrgy.phys.ttu.du/~sl/2402/ Txtbook PHYS-2402 Lctur 8 Quiz 1 Class avrag: 14.2 (out of 20) ~ 70% Fb. 10, 2015 HW2 (du 2/19) 13, 17, 23, 25, 28, 31, 37, 38, 41, 44 Chaptr.

More information

Graduate Students Seminar Paul-Scherrer-Institut. Search for Excited Quarks

Graduate Students Seminar Paul-Scherrer-Institut. Search for Excited Quarks Graduat Studnts Sminar 01.10.2003 Paul-Schrrr-Institut Sarch for Excitd Quarks Jan Bckr Univrsity of Zurich Sarch for Excitd Quarks Framwork Excitd frmions and comositnss Phnomnological framwork Production

More information

Detectors for Particle Physics

Detectors for Particle Physics Introduction Dtctors for Particl Physics DESY Summr Studnt Lcturs 2004 Carstn Nibuhr CMB: T = 2.72 K, T=3mK n γ = 4 x 10 8 m -3 carstn.nibuhr@dsy.d 1 Particl Dtctors 1 carstn.nibuhr@dsy.d 2 Particl Dtctors

More information

Learning Spherical Convolution for Fast Features from 360 Imagery

Learning Spherical Convolution for Fast Features from 360 Imagery Larning Sphrical Convolution for Fast Faturs from 36 Imagry Anonymous Author(s) 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 3 3 3 33 34 35 In this fil w provid additional dtails to supplmnt th main papr

More information

UNIVERSIT.. AT BONN Physikalisches Institut

UNIVERSIT.. AT BONN Physikalisches Institut UNIVERSI.. A BONN Physikalischs Institut Masurmnt of bauty and charm cross sctions in photoproduction using dcays into lctrons with ZEUS at HERA by Markus Jüngst Photoproduction of havy quarks in vnts

More information

Why is a E&M nature of light not sufficient to explain experiments?

Why is a E&M nature of light not sufficient to explain experiments? 1 Th wird world of photons Why is a E&M natur of light not sufficint to xplain xprimnts? Do photons xist? Som quantum proprtis of photons 2 Black body radiation Stfan s law: Enrgy/ ara/ tim = Win s displacmnt

More information

BETA DECAY VISUAL PHYSICS ONLINE

BETA DECAY VISUAL PHYSICS ONLINE VISUAL PHYSICS ONLINE BETA DECAY Suppos now that a nuclus xists which has ithr too many or too fw nutrons rlativ to th numbr of protons prsnt for stability. Stability can b achivd by th convrsion insid

More information

SCALING OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION WITH MULTIPOLE ORDER. J. C. Sprott

SCALING OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION WITH MULTIPOLE ORDER. J. C. Sprott SCALING OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION WITH MULTIPOLE ORDER J. C. Sprott PLP 821 Novmbr 1979 Plasma Studis Univrsity of Wisconsin Ths PLP Rports ar informal and prliminary and as such may contain rrors not yt

More information

PoS(ICHEP2016)552. The Mu3e Experiment at PSI. Alessandro Bravar University of Geneva

PoS(ICHEP2016)552. The Mu3e Experiment at PSI. Alessandro Bravar University of Geneva at PSI University of Geneva E-mail: alessandro.bravar@unige.ch The Mu3e experiment will search for lepton flavor violation in the neutrinoless muon decay µ + e + e e + with a sensitivity down to 10 16

More information

Physics 2D Lecture Slides. Oct 21. UCSD Physics. Vivek Sharma

Physics 2D Lecture Slides. Oct 21. UCSD Physics. Vivek Sharma Physics D Lctur Slids Oct 1 Vivk Sharma UCSD Physics Modrn Viw of Photolctric Effct E = hf = KE+ ϕ Is h sam in Photolctric Effct as in BBQ Radiation? Slop h = 6.66 x 10-34 JS Einstin Nobl Priz! No mattr

More information

E hf. hf c. 2 2 h 2 2 m v f ' f 2f ' f cos c

E hf. hf c. 2 2 h 2 2 m v f ' f 2f ' f cos c EXPERIMENT 9: COMPTON EFFECT Rlatd Topics Intractions of photons with lctrons, consrvation of momntum and nrgy, inlastic and lastic scattring, intraction cross sction, Compton wavlngth. Principl Whn photons

More information

PHYSICS 489/1489 LECTURE 7: QUANTUM ELECTRODYNAMICS

PHYSICS 489/1489 LECTURE 7: QUANTUM ELECTRODYNAMICS PHYSICS 489/489 LECTURE 7: QUANTUM ELECTRODYNAMICS REMINDER Problm st du today 700 in Box F TODAY: W invstigatd th Dirac quation it dscribs a rlativistic spin /2 particl implis th xistnc of antiparticl

More information

The Mu3e Experiment. A new search for μ eee with unprecedented sensitivity

The Mu3e Experiment. A new search for μ eee with unprecedented sensitivity The Mu3e Experiment A new search for μ eee with unprecedented sensitivity Kolloquium in Freiburg, November 29, 2017 André Schöning Universität Heidelberg 1 SM of Particle Physics SM Physics after the electroweak

More information

Refer to Chapter 8 Kaon system Oscillations and CKM mixing matrix Neutrinos

Refer to Chapter 8 Kaon system Oscillations and CKM mixing matrix Neutrinos Chaptr 1 Rfr to Chaptr 8 Kaon systm Oscillations and CKM mixing matrix Nutrinos " # K 1 = 1 $ K K " # K = 1 $ K K C K = K ; C K = K P K = K ; P K = K % ' & % ' & K andk ar not ignstats of CP : CP K = K

More information

On the Hamiltonian of a Multi-Electron Atom

On the Hamiltonian of a Multi-Electron Atom On th Hamiltonian of a Multi-Elctron Atom Austn Gronr Drxl Univrsity Philadlphia, PA Octobr 29, 2010 1 Introduction In this papr, w will xhibit th procss of achiving th Hamiltonian for an lctron gas. Making

More information

Chapter 8: Electron Configurations and Periodicity

Chapter 8: Electron Configurations and Periodicity Elctron Spin & th Pauli Exclusion Principl Chaptr 8: Elctron Configurations and Priodicity 3 quantum numbrs (n, l, ml) dfin th nrgy, siz, shap, and spatial orintation of ach atomic orbital. To xplain how

More information

PoS(EPS-HEP2017)238. Experimental limiting factors for the next generation

PoS(EPS-HEP2017)238. Experimental limiting factors for the next generation Experimental limiting factors for the next generation of µ eγ searches G. Cavoto, ab A. Papa, c, b E. Ripiccini d and C. Voena b a Sapienza Università di Roma, Dipartimento di Fisica P.le A. Moro 2, 185

More information

Detection of Energetic Particles by a Network of HF Propagation Paths in Alaska

Detection of Energetic Particles by a Network of HF Propagation Paths in Alaska Dtction of Enrgtic Particls by a twork of HF Propagation Paths in Alaska A.Y. Wong* HIPAS Obsrvatory, Fairbanks, AK and Dpt of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA *With th assistanc of G. Rosnthal, J. Pau, E.

More information

clfv searches using DC muon beam at PSI

clfv searches using DC muon beam at PSI KEK IPNS, J-PARC Center, and Sokendai E-mail: satoshi.mihara@kek.jp Search for lepton-flavor violation in the charged lepton sector (clfv) is a clue to new physics beyond the Standard Model. MEG experiment

More information

PHYSICS 2150 EXPERIMENTAL MODERN PHYSICS. Lecture 3 Statistical vs. Systematic Errors,Rejection of Data; Weighted Averages

PHYSICS 2150 EXPERIMENTAL MODERN PHYSICS. Lecture 3 Statistical vs. Systematic Errors,Rejection of Data; Weighted Averages PHYSICS 150 EXPERIMENTAL MODERN PHYSICS Lctur 3 Statistical vs. Systmatic Errors,Rjction of Data; Wightd Avrags SO FAR WE DISCUSS STATISTICAL UNCERTAINTY. NOW WHAT ABOUT UNCERTAINTY INVOLVED WITH MEASUREMENT

More information

2. Laser physics - basics

2. Laser physics - basics . Lasr physics - basics Spontanous and stimulatd procsss Einstin A and B cofficints Rat quation analysis Gain saturation What is a lasr? LASER: Light Amplification by Stimulatd Emission of Radiation "light"

More information

26-Sep-16. Nuclear energy production. Nuclear energy production. Nuclear energy production. Nuclear energy production

26-Sep-16. Nuclear energy production. Nuclear energy production. Nuclear energy production. Nuclear energy production Aim: valuat nrgy-gnration rat pr unit mass. Sun: (chck L /M, human ) nrgy-gnration rat producd from fusion of two nucli a + A: nrgy rlasd pr raction raction rat pr unit volum (includs cross sction and

More information

HERA. Marc DAVID. On behalf of. H1 and ZEUS COLLABORATIONS. luminosity that increases steadily from year to year. The positron beam energy E e is 27.

HERA. Marc DAVID. On behalf of. H1 and ZEUS COLLABORATIONS. luminosity that increases steadily from year to year. The positron beam energy E e is 27. OBSERVATION OF EVENTS AT HIGH Q 2 IN REACTIONS + p! + X AT HERA Marc DAVID CEA-Saclay,DSM/DAPNIA/SPP,99 Gif-sur-Yvtt,FRANCE On bhalf of and ZEUS COLLABORATIONS Both HERA colliding xprimnts, and ZEUS hav

More information

ELECTRON-NEUTRINOS, v e. G. R. Kalbfleisch Brookhaven National Laboratory ABSTRACT

ELECTRON-NEUTRINOS, v e. G. R. Kalbfleisch Brookhaven National Laboratory ABSTRACT -1- SS -121 2251 ELECTRON-NEUTRINOS, v G. R. Kalbflisch Brookhavn National Laboratory ABSTRACT Elctron (rathr than muon) nutrino intractions ar proprly th ons to us in comparing rsults with -p intractions.

More information

Precision Standard Model Tests (at JLab)

Precision Standard Model Tests (at JLab) Prcision Standard Modl Tsts (at JLab) Xiaochao Zhng Jun 21st, 2018 Th Standard Modl of Particl Physics How should w sarch for nw physics? Prcision SM tsts at Jffrson Lab Qwak, PVDIS Mollr, 12 GV PVDIS

More information

arxiv: v3 [hep-ph] 8 Aug 2016

arxiv: v3 [hep-ph] 8 Aug 2016 1 Sarching for lpton-flavor-violating dcay at supr charm-tau factory arxiv:160.01181v3 [hp-ph] 8 Aug 016 Zhou Hao a, Zhang Rn-You a, Han Liang a, Ma Wn-Gan a, Guo Li b, and Chn Chong a a Dpartmnt of Modrn

More information

PHASE-ONLY CORRELATION IN FINGERPRINT DATABASE REGISTRATION AND MATCHING

PHASE-ONLY CORRELATION IN FINGERPRINT DATABASE REGISTRATION AND MATCHING Anall Univrsităţii d Vst din Timişoara Vol. LII, 2008 Sria Fizică PHASE-OLY CORRELATIO I FIGERPRIT DATABASE REGISTRATIO AD ATCHIG Alin C. Tusda, 2 Gianina Gabor Univrsity of Orada, Environmntal Faculty,

More information

Propositional Logic. Combinatorial Problem Solving (CPS) Albert Oliveras Enric Rodríguez-Carbonell. May 17, 2018

Propositional Logic. Combinatorial Problem Solving (CPS) Albert Oliveras Enric Rodríguez-Carbonell. May 17, 2018 Propositional Logic Combinatorial Problm Solving (CPS) Albrt Olivras Enric Rodríguz-Carbonll May 17, 2018 Ovrviw of th sssion Dfinition of Propositional Logic Gnral Concpts in Logic Rduction to SAT CNFs

More information

Structure of the Atom. Thomson s Atomic Model. Knowledge of atoms in Experiments of Geiger and Marsden 2. Experiments of Geiger and Marsden

Structure of the Atom. Thomson s Atomic Model. Knowledge of atoms in Experiments of Geiger and Marsden 2. Experiments of Geiger and Marsden CHAPTER 4 Structur of th Atom 4.1 Th Atomic Modls of Thomson and Ruthrford 4. Ruthrford Scattring 4.3 Th Classic Atomic Modl 4.4 Th Bohr Modl of th Hydrogn Atom 4.5 Succsss & Failurs of th Bohr Modl 4.6

More information

PoS(ICHEP2016)474. SoLid: Search for Oscillations with a Lithium-6 Detector at the SCK CEN BR2 reactor

PoS(ICHEP2016)474. SoLid: Search for Oscillations with a Lithium-6 Detector at the SCK CEN BR2 reactor SoLid: Search for Oscillations with a Lithium-6 Detector at the SCK CEN BR2 reactor University of Bristol E-mail: dan.saunders@bristol.ac.uk The disappearance of reactor antineutrinos into a new neutral

More information

Lecture Outline. Skin Depth Power Flow 8/7/2018. EE 4347 Applied Electromagnetics. Topic 3e

Lecture Outline. Skin Depth Power Flow 8/7/2018. EE 4347 Applied Electromagnetics. Topic 3e 8/7/018 Cours Instructor Dr. Raymond C. Rumpf Offic: A 337 Phon: (915) 747 6958 E Mail: rcrumpf@utp.du EE 4347 Applid Elctromagntics Topic 3 Skin Dpth & Powr Flow Skin Dpth Ths & Powr nots Flow may contain

More information

A=P=E M-A=N Alpha particle Beta Particle. Periodic table

A=P=E M-A=N Alpha particle Beta Particle. Periodic table Nam Pr. Atomic Structur/Nuclar Chmistry (Ch. 3 & 21) OTHS Acadmic Chmistry Objctivs: Undrstand th xprimntal dsign and conclusions usd in th dvlopmnt of modrn atomic thory, including Dalton's Postulats,

More information

Molecular Orbitals in Inorganic Chemistry

Molecular Orbitals in Inorganic Chemistry Outlin olcular Orbitals in Inorganic Chmistry Dr. P. Hunt p.hunt@imprial.ac.uk Rm 167 (Chmistry) http://www.ch.ic.ac.uk/hunt/ octahdral complxs forming th O diagram for Oh colour, slction ruls Δoct, spctrochmical

More information