Experimental Investigations of Combustion Behaviour in Various O 2 /CO 2 -Atmospheres
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1 Experimental Investigations of Combustion Behaviour in Various O 2 /CO 2 -Atmospheres Dipl.- Ing. Stephanie Tappe Chair of Power Plant 1
2 Outline 1 Introduction 2 Experimental investigations applying TGA 3 Experimental investigations applying ALVA 2 4 Summary 2
3 Outline 1 Introduction 2 Experimental investigations applying TGA 3 Experimental investigations applying ALVA 2 4 Summary 3
4 Introduction Combustion procedure Preheating Drying Volatilisation, ignition and combustion of volatile matters (homogeneous gas reaction) 4 Ignition and combustion of char (heterogeneous gas-solid reaction)
5 Introduction Char combustion of a single particle ln k eff gas film O 2 CO 2 CO CO O 2 CO O 2 2 pores O 2 O 2 limitation by O chemical reaction 2 O 2 O 2 O 2 O 2 O 2 5 limitation by diffusion Interaction mechanisms: 1/T [1/K] Diffusion (gas film layer) Diffusion (pores) Chemical reaction
6 Outline 1 Introduction 2 Experimental investigations applying TGA 3 Experimental investigations applying ALVA 2 4 Summary 6
7 TGA Experimental set up Temperatures (in K) K Particle sizes (in mm) Fuel TBK1; TBK2 (predried) Gas composition air, O 2 /CO 2 with 5-6 vol.-% O 2 7 Thermowaage TGA/SDTA851, Mettler-Toledo GmbH
8 TGA Influence of oxygen concentration TBK2 8 TBK1 combustion time t v (in s) TBK1 173 K 1173 K 1273 K 1353 K combustion time (in s) /95 1/9 21/79 4/6 6/ gas composition O 2 /CO 2 (in vol.-%) 5/95 1/9 21/79 3/7 gas composition O 2 /CO 2 (in vol.-%) TBK2 173 K 1123 K 1173 K 1223 K 1273 K 1323 K 1353 K
9 TGA Arrhenius-diagram ln k eff (in mg/mg s -1 ] -4,5-5, -5,5-6, -6,5 TBK2 5/95 O2/CO2 1/9 O2/CO2 21/79 O2/CO2 3/7 O2/CO2-7, -4,5-5, -7,5,7,8,9,1 1/T (in 1/K) 9 ln k eff (in mg/mg s -1 ) -5,5-6, TBK1-6, O2/CO2-7, 1.9 O2/CO O2/CO2-7,5 4.6 O2/CO2-8, 6.4 O2/CO2,7,8,9,1 1/T ( in 1/K)
10 TGA Influence of gas composition 1 TBK1 combustion time t v (in s) combustion time t v (in s) air 21/79 O2/CO Temperature (in K) temperature (in K) air 21/79 O2/CO2 TBK2
11 Outline 1 Introduction 2 Experimental investigations applying TGA 3 Experimental investigations applying ALVA 2 4 Summary 11
12 ALVA 2 2 kw th atmospheric laboratory test facility 12
13 ALVA 2 Experimental set up Temperatures (in K) Particle sizes (in mm) Fuel TBK1; TBK2 Gas composition air, O 2 /CO 2 with 5-5 vol.-% O 2 13
14 ALVA 2 Data interpretation basis: O 2 -concentration inside the combustion chamber O 2 -concentration (in vol.-%) t v time (in s) 14
15 ALVA 2 Influence of oxygen concentration 15 oxygen concentration (in vol.-%) /95 1/9 21/79 3/7 4/6 5/5 TBK time (in s)
16 TGA Influence of gas composition combustion time (in s) TBK2 air 21/79 16 combustion time (in s) TBK1 air 21/
17 Outline 1 Introduction 2 Experimental investigations applying TGA 3 Experimental investigations applying ALVA 2 4 Summary 17
18 Summary T t v c(o 2 ) t v Reaction mechanism = f(t, c(o 2 )) t v (air) > t v (O 2 /CO 2 ) bei c(o 2 ) const but f(t, fuel) Boudouard-reaction Combustion sequence changes: - delayed ignition of VM in O 2 /CO 2 -amospheres - increased combustion rate of char ALVA 2 : transfer of kinetic data to industrial scale 18
19 Acknowledgement The research work was financed by the DFG (Deutsche Forschungsgesellschaft). It is sponsored under the title: Charakterisierung des Abbrandverhaltens von Braunkohlen in O 2 /CO 2 -Atmosphären (Kr 1855/9-1). 19
20 Thank you for your attention! 2 Contact: Stephanie Tappe tappe@tu-cottbus.de
21 Fuel Composition TBK 1 TBK 2 moisture [Ma.-%] ash [Ma.-%] volatiles [Ma.-%] fixed carbon [Ma.-%] calorific value [MJ/kg] Carbon Hydrogen Nitrogen Sulphur Oxygen (diff)
22 TGA Experimental procedure and interpretation mass (in (in wt-%) sample TBK1; insertation 1173 K; 21/79 into vol-% preheated O 2 /CO 2 ; reactor mm 1.2 reaction gas inlet 1.1 Mass Sequence 1. Combustion Temperature Sequence 9 of Volatiles 8 7 Char Combustion 6 y = -.828x time (in s) Temperature (in K) 22
23 TGA TBK1 Arrhenius-diagram I ln k eff (in mg/mg s -1 ) -4,5-5 -5,5-6 -6,5-7 -7,5 TBK1; 5.95 Vol.-% O 2 /CO 2 <,125 mm,125-1,25 mm 1,25-2 mm 2-4 mm 23-8,7,8,9, 1/T (in 1/K)
24 TGA TBK2-Arrhenius-diagram -4,5-5 TBK mm 24 ln k eff (in mg/mg s -1 ] -5,5-6 -6,5 5/95 O2/CO2-7 1/9 O2/CO2 21/79 O2/CO2 3/7 O2/CO2-7,5,7,8,9,1 1/T (in 1/K)
25 ALVA 2 Experimental procedure 14 Stop dosing Combustion of sample Restart dosing T 3 25 temperature (in K) T 4 T 5 O O 2 (in vol.-%) time (in s)
26 ALVA 2 Influence of oxygen concentration in O 2 /CO 2 -atmospheres oxygen concentration (in vol.-%) TBK2; mm time (in s) 26
27 ALVA 2 27 Influence of gas composition oxygen concentration (in vol.-%) TBK mm time (in s) oxygen concentration (in vol.-%) air time (in s) TBK mm air 21.79
28 ALVA 2 Influence of the gas composition 28 combustion time (in s) TBK st 2nd 3rd combustion time (in s) air air T=173 K TBK st 2nd 3rd
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