Chemical Safety, Storage and Waste Disposal by Sali Grizuk Safety Unit Phone: 2950/

Transcription

1 Chemical Safety, Storage and Waste Disposal by Sali Grizuk Safety Unit Phone: 2950/ כל הזכויות שמורות לסאלי גריצוק ומכון ויצמן. אין להעתיק, לשכפל, לצלם ולהשתמש במצגת ללא אישור

2 Contents General Laboratory Safety Rules General Handling of Chemicals How to Store Chemicals Chemical Waste Disposal

3 General Laboratory Safety Rules

4 Do not eat or drink in the lab Do not use food containers to store chemicals

5 Use personal protective equipment (PPE)

6 Lab coat must be made of 100% cotton

7 Protect Your Feet! Do not work with open shoes

8 How not to work!!!

9 Gather your hair

10 Do not work alone Do not smell chemicals

11 Clean contact points

12 Do not use power strip at the lab

13 Emergency equipment Emergency Shower Eye washer Vermiculite Fire extinguishers

14 How to reduce the probability of accident? Practice the habit of accident prevention Use personal protective equipment Use the minimum quantity of material If possible, substitute a hazardous chemical with less hazardous one

15 Safety is not only what you are doing, it is also what your co-worker doing

16 Bunsen Burners Bunsen burners contain LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) which is flammable.

17 Accident with Bunsen Burners In one of the activities in the Clore Garden of Science the guide used Bunsen burner. There is a procedure for replacing cylinder while it is empty. The guide didn t follow the instructions and fire broke out.

18 Do not use contact lenses A person who wears eyeglasses should wear goggles or use optic goggles.

19 An accident with capillary tube 1. Student worked without safety goggles 2. During the experiment the student tried to pull the capillary out and it was broken. Part of it flew into his eye.

20 Gloves Latex provides light protection against irritants and limited protection against infectious agents. Nitrile protects against solvents, oils, greases and some acids and bases. PVC protects against mild corrosives and irritants. Neoprene for working with solvents, oils, or mild corrosive material. Cryogenic Protective Gloves

21 Accident with acid A student who worked with HF, got burned. The fluoride ion readily penetrates the skin, causing destruction of deep tissue layers, including bones.

22 Do not use broken glassware Work with undamaged glassware Use thermal shock resistant glassware While collecting broken glasses, use broom and dustpan as well as protecting gloves. Dispose it into a sharp bin.

23 Accident with glass pipette A student who wanted to insert pipette glass into a flexible tube was injured.

24 Chemical hood

25 Chemical hood how does it work? Upper slot Lower slot

26 Fume Hood Inspections

27 Exhaust inlet Exhaust inlet

28 How NOT to work in a chemical hood

29 Correct way to work

30 Clean and organized workspace can prevent an accident

31 Handling Chemicals

32 Where can I get info regarding the chemicals I am about to use? MSDS Chemical s bottle Internet Coworkers Safety Unit

33 MSDS sections 1. Product Identification 2. Composition/Info on Ingredients 3. Hazards Identification 4. First Aid Measures 5. Fire Fighting Measures 6. Accidental Release Measures 7. Handling and Storage 8. Exposure Controls/Personal Protection 9. Physical and Chemical Properties 10. Stability and Reactivity 11. Toxicological Info 12. Ecological Info 13. Disposal Considerations 14. Transport Info 15. Regulatory Info 16. Other Info

34 1 3 2 OX

35 Labeling of hazardous materials

36 Pictograms

37 Chemical storage

38 Example

39 Principles for chemical storage The key word is Compatibility Prevention of hazardous reactions between the chemicals or their vapors.

40 General principles for storing chemicals Store chemicals at the minimum possible quantities. In general, avoid storage of unnecessary/expired chemicals. Avoid storage of chemicals which are not in use on benches or hoods. Do not store chemicals on high shelves neither on the floor. Store chemicals in ventilated closets according their groups and alphabetic order.

41 Ruler For non volatiles chemicals

42 Storage cabinets

43 Storage drawers

44 Example

45 Groups of hazardous substances according to the UN standards Group 1 - explosives - (handling them separately) Group 2 - Gases Group 3 - Flammable liquids Group 4 - Flammable solids Group 5 - Oxidizing agents Group 6 - Toxics Group 7 - Radioactive materials - (handling them separately) Group 8 Corrosives Group 9 -Environmentally hazardous substance

46 Storage of Gas Materials 2.1 Flammable Gases Example: Hydrogen, LPG 2.2 Non flammable and non toxic Gases Example: N2, CO2, Ar 2.3 Toxic Gases Example: Chlorine

47 Anchored gas cylinders All cylinders MUST be properly secured in an upright position and fasten with cylinder clamp/chain. Use regulators, proper connections, and tubing in good condition.

48 Example

49 Example

50 Cryogenic gases Gases with boiling temperature below C. For example: Nitrogen, Helium, Argon, Hydrogen, Oxygen Store at liquid state, high pressure and low temp. Hazards: Cold burns Displacement of air Asphyxiation Tatyana Lasitza Chemical Safety Officer Safety & Environment Unit

51 Cryogenic gases- proper PPE

52 Flammable materials These substances can ignite with an ignition source in a normal environment. FLAMMABLE POWDERS CAN EXPLODE. Flammable organic liquids: - Acids / Bases: Acetic acid / Pyridine - Neutralizing flammable solvents: CH2Cl2, ACN, MeOH

53 Oxidizers Materials with high risk of ignition in the process of redox Gases - Oxygen, Ozone (O2, O3) Fluid - Nitric acid, Sulfate acid (H3PO4, H2SO4) Solids - Potassium permanganate (KMNO4) Not all oxidizers contain oxygen ( F, Cl). Important: separate oxidizers from flammable chemicals

54 Toxic Toxic substance causes damage to body tissues. Toxic substances depends on the amount of material and body weight. Body penetration methods: Respiratory System - Lungs Skin - Absorbent or cuts Digestion - absorption Eyes directly/vapors. Chloroform, CH2Cl2

55 Corrosive Substances that damage body tissues and cause burns or damage to the equipment. Usually strong acids or bases. Induce the formation of a burn: Careless transfer of liquids from one vessel to another. Direct heating of the vessel containing corrosive

56 Chemical Waste Disposal

57 Do not dispose chemicals to the sink Collect liquid chemical waste into labeled glass bottles or plastic containers with screw cap.

58 Waste containers Chemical waste only

59 Chemical Waste Sites In some departments there are yellow safety cabinets or built-in cabinets

60 WIS Ecological Site Biological waste Radioactive waste Chemical waste

61 Chemical Waste Disposal Disposal of solid and liquid chemical - only in plastic containers or glass bottles sealed with screw cap. Do not leave chemical waste in public areas Do not use laboratory glassware to dispose chemicals!

62 How to label the containers appropriately H2SO4, HCl Methanol, Ethanol, Xylenes, Acetone Acetic Acid / Pyridine NaOH, KOH Chloroform MgCI 2, Cu, NaClO 4, H2O2

63 Incompatibles

64 Chemical Waste- Liquids

65 Chemical Waste- Solid Dispose in a 10 liter plastic container with a wide screw cap and proper sticker. For sharps use sharp bin with a proper sticker.

66 Tubes/Bottles containing liquid volume larger than 2 ml 1. Empty the liquid into a container with narrow screw cup. Place a suitable sticker and discard the container at the departmental waste site. 2. Treat the residue chemical as follow: Volatile Are the residues volatile? Non volatile Open the tube/bottle in the chemical hood until full evaporation. Dispose to a regular bin. Plastic container can be recycled. Place in a chemical plastic bag/ plastic container with a wide screw cup, place a suitable sticker and discard at the departmental waste site.

67 Disposables containing volume smaller than 2 ml sharps Non sharps Do not use biohazard bag to dispose chemical waste If contents volatileplace in a chemical hood until full evaporation and dispose to a regular bin If contents non volatile-place in chemical bag/container (with a wide screw cup) and suitable sticker

68 Spilled chemical In case of spill, absorb it with vermiculite. Do not neutralize the spill nor add water

69 In case of spill or accident in lab