26 PROCEEDINGS OF THE [VOL. 33, No. 1

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1 26 PROCEEDINGS OF THE [VOL. 33, No. 1 Chitivoodia transvaalensis n. gen., n. sp., and Dorylaimoides longidens n. sp., Two New Nematodes from South Africa1 J. P. FURSTENBERG AND JUAN HEYNS2 ABSTRACT Two new nematodes are described and figured. Chitivoodia transvaalensis n. gen., n. sp., is distinguished by a prominent cap-like region offset by a deep constriction. Dorylaimoides longidens n. sp., is related to D. stenodorus Altherr, 1953, from which it differs in spear length, measurements, and number of supplements. Measurements and drawings were made from specimens killed by the gradual application of heat, preserved in FAA, and mounted in glycerin. Slide numbers refer to the collection of the Plant Protection Research Institute, Pretoria. GENUS Chitwoodia n. gen.:! (Figs. 1-6) Dorylaimidae. Cuticle with prominent radial dots. Lip region offset by a deep constriction; prominent cap-like; lips rounded. Papillae slightly elevated. Spear acicular, long, with a very short aperture. Spear extension long, rodlike. Guiding ring single. Esophagus with a large, enlarged basal part. Gonads paired, opposed and reflexed. Vulva longitudinal. Vagina with a thick-walled muscular tube, the anterior end having a fringed appearance. Males not found. TYPE SPECIES: Chitwoodia transvaalensis n. sp. DIAGNOSIS: This genus is characterized by the well-offset, cap-like head, the very long acicular spear, the spear extension without flanges, the large enlarged basal part of the esophagus, and the fringy appearance of the anterior part of the vagina. 1 Adapted from a thesis presented by the senior author to the Institute for Zoological Research, Department of Zoology, Fotchefstroorn University for C.H.E., Potchefstroom, South Africa, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science. - F\ant Protection Research Institute, Pretoria, South Africa. 3 This genus is named in honor of Dr. B. G. Chitwood, in recognition of his contributions to Nematology. DISCUSSION: Chitwoodia n. gen. is reminiscent of some Enchodelus spp. in that it possesses a long slender spear without flanges. However, it differs from these Enchodelus spp. in having prominent radial dots, a lip region which is offset by a deep constriction, a single guiding ring, and a longer enlarged basal part of the esophagus. Also, the ventrosubmedian gland nuclei are not located far forward as in Enchodelus spp. Chitwoodia transvaalensis n. sp. MEASUREMENTS: HOLOTYPE (female): L = 1.40 mm; a = 24; b = 3.6; c = 49; V = PARATYPES (female, n = 4: L = (1.42) mm; a = (27); b = (3.7); c = (48); V = (55.6). DESCRIPTION: Body slightly ventrally curved when relaxed, tapering only in the anterior part of neck. Cuticle with microscopical transverse striae and with distinct radial elements arranged in rows and forming dots on surface of the cuticle. These dots vary in size and density. Lip region prominent, cap-like; lips rounded, one-third as wide as body at base of esophagus; one and a quarter as wide as head constriction. Lips with the usual complement of 16 papillae. Spear length 28 ^ to 29 p.; acicular; one and a third to one and fourfifths lip region width; spear width one-fifteenth spear length; the aperture one-ninth to one-seventh spear in length. Spear extension 25 fj. to 26 JJL or about eight-ninths spear length. Guiding ring appearing single; 15 /x to 16 p. from the anterior end. Amphid stirrup-shaped, the aperture five-eighths as wide as head. Esophagus with two swellings anterior to nerve ring, and expanding to about half the corresponding body diameter in its basal half. Dorsal gland nucleus one-half body diameter behind esophageal expansion. Cardia hemispherical; less than one-half as wide as body; Figs Chitwoodia transvaalensis n. gen., n. sp. 1. Female. Natural position when relaxed; 2. head; 3. face view; 4. posterior portion of female; 5. female reproductive organ, anterior branch; 6. vulva.

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3 28 PROCEEDINGS OF THE [VOL. 33, No. 1 more distinct in some specimens; 19 ^ in length, 24 p, in width. Hemizonid next to nerve ring; two and a third to two and three-quarters body diameters from lip region. Intestinal cells obscure and without granules. Prerectum four to five and a half times anal body diameter in length. Rectum almost equal to anal body diameter. Tail blunt, dorsally convex; slightly shorter than anal body diameter. No caudal papillae observed. Lateral field between onethird and one-quarter body diameter in width. Diclelphic. Vulva longitudinal; vagina extending about three-sevenths the way across the body. In most of the specimens the ovaries are undeveloped; ovaries reflexed about one and a half body diameters to the vulva. Spincter about one body diameter from vulva. In one specimen a poach can be distinguished in the uterus, just anterior to the spincter. MALE: Not found. HOLOTYPE: Slide 1784, collected from soil around the roots of Trifoliata trees, Buffelspoort, Transvaal. PARATYPES: Slide 3613, collected from soil around the roots of tea plants, Tzaneen, Transvaal, and slide 1623, collected from soil from sweet potato land, Rustenburg, Transvaal. Dorylaimoides longidens n. sp. (Figs. 7 16) MEASUREMENTS: HOLOTYPE (female): L = 7.30 mm; a = 100; b = 11.5; c = 30; V = ALLOTYPE (male): L = 5.79 mm; a = 107; b = 9.1; c = 24. PARATYPES (females, n = 9): L = (6.49) mm; a = (98); b = (9.9); c = (27); V = (44.8). (Males, n = 3): L = (6.49) mm;a = (120); b= (11.3); c = (30). DESCRIPTION: Body ventrally curved when relaxed, especially in posterior half. Body tapering anteriorly and posteriorly. Cuticle with microscopical transverse striae and with prominent radial dots; the number of dots per square micron range from 0 to 40. Some dots are arranged in rows while others are without any definite pattern. Lips amalgamated. Lip region about one-fourth as wide as the body at the base of the esophagus. Lips with the usual complement of 16 papillae. Spear length 26 p. to 30 p., twice the width of the lip region; the aperture minute, and about one-twentieth spear length. Spear extension equals spear in length. Guiding ring double, although in most of the specimens only a single ring is displayed; when in the single state, it occupies a position 15 p. to 18 p. from anterior end, when double, the anterior and smaller ring is 8 p. to 11 /i from anterior end and the posterior one 12 ^ to 15 p.. Amphid stirrup-shaped, with an anterior transverse support (Fig. 9), three-quarters as wide as head. Esophagus commencing with a slight swelling in region around base of spear extension, then constricting, widening again slightly, and gradually expanding in its basal half. Enlarged basal portion one-third to onehalf as wide as the corresponding body diameter. Dorsal gland nucleus less than one-third body diameter behind the esophageal expansion. Cardia small, hemispherical; one-quarter as wide as body. Nerve ring obscure in most of the specimens; three to three and a half body widths from head region. Hemizonid in some specimens distinct, opposite nerve ring. Intestine typical, two cells in circumference and with numerous, brownish granules. Prerectum and rectum obscure because tail twisted; rectum approximately equal to anal body diameter in length. Tail five and a half to seven and a half times anal body diameter; filiform; tail tips of all specimens broken off, thus a variation in tail length to be expected. Caudal papillae obscure. Lateral field one-sixth to one-quarter body width in region of cardia. FEMALE: Vulva a short longitudinal slit; vagina extending across five-eighths of the body width. Ovaries obscure, reflexed for a distance of approximately six to ten body widths. Eggs one and three-quarters to two and a half body diameters in length; one specimen with two pairs of eggs in each uterus; others with only one or two eggs. Spincter seven to eight body widths from vulva. Uteri in all specimens packed with spermatozoa. Figs Dorylaimoides longidens n. sp. 7. Female. Natural position when relaxed; 8. dorsoventral view of head; 9. head; 10. female tail; 11. male tail; 12. female reproductive organs, posterior branch; 13. face view; 14. cross section through vagina; 15. cross section through vulva; 16. male posterior part. Natural position when relaxed.

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5 30 PROCEEDINGS OF THE [VOL. 33, No. 1 MALE: Spiculae and lateral guiding pieces typically dorylaimoid; spiculae 82 p, to 97 /x; measured along the median curved line; approximately one-half length of tail. Lateral guiding pieces about one-sixth spiculae length. Supplements consisting of a preanal pair, followed by 19 to 25 ventromedian ones in continuous series; the latter beginning one anal body diameter from the preanal pair. DIAGNOSIS: Dorylaimoides longidens n. sp. differs from the general description of this genus in possessing a longitudinal vulva and in the absence of an angular spear extension. It is further distinguished by the large number of supplements and the very long, thin, slightly arched spear. DISCUSSION: Dorylaimoides longidens n. sp. differs from D. stenodorus Altherr, 1953, mainly in the spear length which is twice lip region width; the number of supplements (19 to 25 compared with 5 for stenodorus); the length (5.24 to 7.30 mm compared with 1.3 mm for stenodorus); and width (a = compared with 43 in stenodorus). TYPE LOCALITY AND HABITAT: Type specimens from water in a mudhole on bank of the Blyde River, Hoedspruit, Transvaal. HOLOTYPE: Slide ALLOTYPE: Slide PARATYPES: Slides 3229 and LITERATURE CITED ALTHERR, E Nematodes du sol du Jura vaudois et francais. Bull. Soc. Vaudoise Sc. Nat. 65: (284) THORNE, G A monograph of the nematodes of the superfamily Dorylaimoidea. Capita Zool. 8: On Basirotyleptus caudatus n. sp., and a Redescription of Thornenema thienemanni (Schneider, 1937) Andrassy, 1959 (Nematoda : Dorylaimoidea) M. SHAMIM JAIRAJPURII A new species of the genus Basirotyleptus Jairajpuri, 1964, obtained from soil around roots of cashew nut plants at Waltair, Visakhapatanam (A.P.) is described and its affinities discussed. A large number of specimens of Thornenema thienemanni (Schneider, 1937) Andrassy, 1959, were found in soil samples from around roots of grasses from Kurnool (A.P.) and Andamans. The description of T. thienemanni as provided by Schneider (1937) is very meager. He has given only the diagrams of tail and gonad and the details of important characters like spear, spear aperture, spear extension, and amphids are not known. It is therefore felt necessary to provide a redescription based on the present specimens. FAMILY BELONENCHIDAE THORNE, 1964 GENUS Basirotyleptus JAIRAJPURI, 1964 Basirotyleptus caudatus n. sp. (Fig. 1, A-F) 1 Section of Nematology, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh (U.P.), India. Part of this manuscript was prepared while the author was at Nematology Section, State Agricultural University, Wageningen, The Netherlands. FEMALES (ten): L = mm; a = 19-28; b = ; c = 24-30; V = HOLOTYPE (female): L = 0.47 mm; a = 26; b = 4.2; c = 29; V = 46. DESCRIPTION: Body cylindroid, ventrally arcuate when relaxed. Cuticle and subcuticle distinctly striated. Radial elements present, especially abundant near tail. Lateral chords faint, about one-third of body width; lateral body pores not visible. Lips somewhat conoid, the region marked off from the body contour by a distinct depression. Six small liplets surrounding the oral aperture. Amphids cuplike, their slit-like apertures slightly more than half the head width. Sensillae pouches below the stoma. Spear 12 p. long, slender, needle like, without lumen. Spear extension about half as long as spear. Stoma inverted funnel-shaped, strongly sclerotized. Esophagus a slender tube until it expands to pyriform basal bulb. Lumen of basal bulb in two sections, the posterior one forming a triquetrous, valvular chamber. Dorsal and two pairs of subventral esophageal gland nuclei distinctly visible. Cardia hemispheroid. Nerve ring mid-