Giancoli: PHYSICS. Notes: Ch. 1 Introduction, Measurement, Estimating
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1 Giancoli: PHYSICS Name: Notes: Ch. 1 Introduction, Measurement, Estimating Skim read this chapter and record important concepts that you need to remember here. Guided Notes: Ch. 2 Describing Motion: Kinematics in One Dimension Mechanics Kinematics Dynamics Translational motion Reference frame Displacement Average speed Velocity
2 Average velocity Instantaneous velocity Acceleration Average acceleration 4 equations relating position, velocity, acceleration and time (when the acceleration a is constant) Falling Objects Graphical Analysis of Linear Motion
3 AP PHYSICS B Name: CHAPTER 2: Describing Motion: Kinematics in One Dimension Questions 10. Two cars emerge side by side from a tunnel. Car A is traveling with a speed of 60 km h and has an acceleration of 40 km h min. Car B has a speed of 40 km h and has an acceleration of 60 km h min. Which car is passing the other as they come out of the tunnel? Explain your reasoning. 15. You travel from point A to point B in a car moving at a constant speed of 70 km h. Then you travel the same distance from point B to another point C, moving at a constant speed of 90 km h. Is your average speed for the entire trip from A to C 80 km h? Explain why or why not. 21. Describe in words the motion plotted in Fig in terms of v, a, etc. [Hint: First try to duplicate the motion plotted by walking or moving your hand.] Problems 2 1 to 2 3 Speed and Velocity 10. (II) A horse canters away from its trainer in a straight line, moving 116 m away in 14.0 s. It then turns abruptly and gallops halfway back in 4.8 s. Calculate (a) its average speed and (b) its average velocity for the entire trip, using away from the trainer as the positive direction. 12. (II) A car traveling 88 km h is 110 m behind a truck traveling 75 km h. How long will it take the car to reach the truck?
4 2 4 Acceleration (II) At highway speeds, a particular automobile is capable of an acceleration of about 1.6 m s. At this rate, how long does it take to accelerate from 80 km h to 110 km h? 2 5 and 2 6 Motion at Constant Acceleration 21. (I) A car accelerates from 13 m s to 25 m s in 6.0 s. What was its acceleration? How far did it travel in this time? Assume constant acceleration. 2 7 Falling Objects [neglect air resistance] 36. (II) A baseball is hit nearly straight up into the air with a speed of 22 m s. (a) How high does it go? (b) How long is it in the air? 39. (II) A helicopter is ascending vertically with a speed of 5.20 m s. At a height of 125 m above the Earth, a package is dropped from a window. How much time does it take for the package to reach the ground? [Hint: The package s initial speed equals the helicopter s.] 42. (II) A stone is thrown vertically upward with a speed of 18.0 m s. (a) How fast is it moving when it reaches a height of 11.0 m? (b) How long is required to reach this height? (c) Why are there two answers to (b)?
5 I AP Physics too! Name: Giancoli Guided Notes, Ch. 3 Kinematics in Two Dimensions; Vectors Vectors & Scalers Vector Addition Graphical Methods Tail-to-tip method Parallelogram method Rules for Vector Subtraction Rules for multiplying a vector by a scalar Adding Vectors by Components Characteristics of Projectile Motion Solving Problems with Projectile Motion Relative Velocity
6 Problems 6. (II) The components of a vector V can be written ( V V, V ). What are the components and length of a x, y z vector which is the sum of the two vectors, V 1 and 2, ( 3.9, 8.1, 4.4)? V whose components are (.0, 3.7, 0.0) 8 and 8. (II) Vector V 1 is 6.6 units long and points along the negative x axis. Vector V 2 is 8.5 units long and points at + 45º to the positive x axis. (a) What are the x and y components of each vector? (b) Determine the sum V 1 + V2 (magnitude and angle). 18. (I) A diver running s.8 m 1 dives out horizontally from the edge of a vertical cliff and 3.0 s later reaches the water below. How high was the cliff, and how far from its base did the diver hit the water?
7 26. (II) A hunter aims directly at a target (on the same level) 75.0 m away. (a) If the bullet leaves the gun at a speed of 180 m s, by how much will it miss the target? (b) At what angle should the gun be aimed so as to hit the target? 30. (II) A projectile is fired with an initial speed of s.2 m 65 at an angle of 34.5º above the horizontal on a long flat firing range. Determine (a) the maximum height reached by the projectile, (b) the total time in the air, (c) the total horizontal distance covered (that is, the range), and (d) the velocity of the projectile 1.50 s after firing.
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IB Kinematics Problems 1. This question is about projectile motion. A small steel ball is projected horizontally from the edge of a bench. Flash photographs of the ball are taken at.1 s intervals. The