Intermediates for the PUR Industry

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1 Intermediates Intermediates for the PUR Industry Top properties for PUR

Through science and innovation we enable our customers in almost all industries to meet the current and future needs of society.

2 BASF The Chemical Company BASF is the world s leading chemical company: The Chemical Company. Its portfolio ranges from chemicals, plastics, performance products and crop protection products to oil and gas. We combine economic success, social responsibility and environmental protection. Through science and innovation we enable our customers in almost all industries to meet the current and future needs of society. Our products and system solutions contribute to conserving resources, ensuring healthy food and nutrition and helping to improve the quality of life. We have summed up this contribution in our corporate purpose: We create chemistry for a sustainable future. Top intermediates supplier The BASF Group s Intermediates division develops, produces and markets a comprehensive portfolio of more than 600 intermediates around the world. The most important of the division s product groups include amines, diols, polyalcohols, acids and specialties. Among other applications, intermediates are used as starting materials for coatings, plastics, pharmaceuticals, textile fibers, detergents and crop protectants. Innovative intermediates from BASF help to improve the properties of final products and the efficiency of production processes. The ISO 9001:2000-certified Intermediates division operates plants at production sites in Europe, Asia, and the Americas. 2

3 The key to producing high-end polyurethanes BASF has a globally unique portfolio of chemical intermediates for the manufacture of outstandingly versatile polyurethane (PUR) materials, including an extensive range of high-performance catalysts, polyols, additives and solvents. In addition to a high level of supplier reliability through backward integration and global PUR expertise, BASF offers local presence and extensive customer services. The company also provides wide-ranging support in the development of innovative products and processes. Catalysts (page 4) Polyols (page 5) Additives (page 9) Solvents (page 10) Lupragen catalysts Butanediol (BDO) Polytetrahydrofuran (PolyTHF ) Hexanediol (HDO) Pentanediol (PDO) Trimethylolpropane (TMP) Capromer polycaprolactons Ethanolamines (EOA) Methyldiethanolamine (MDEOA) N4-Amine Aminoethylethanolamine (AEEA) Isopropanolamine Basionics antistatics Dimethylformamide (DMF) N,N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAC) N-Methyl-2- pyrrolidone (NMP) N-Ethyl-2-pyrrolidone (NEP) Propylene carbonate (PC) Comprehensive portfolio of PUR intermediates on pages While rigid and semi-rigid PUR foams are used for insulation, dashboards and insulating board, flexible foam is used for upholstering car seats, furniture and mattresses. You also find PUR foam in the soles of shoes and in energy absorbing materials in the automotive industry. BASF products are appreciated in the production of thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) and PUR dispersions as well. Polycaprolactones available by the name of Capromer are exceptionally well suited to this application. 3

Catalysts Lupragen BASF has more than 15 PUR amine catalysts in its product portfolio that make it a world leader in this segment.

As the world s leading chemical company BASF is offering excellent and consistent product quality, high supplier reliability, and worldwide product

They are required to facilitate the reaction of the main components isocyanate and polyol.

This behavior leads to PUR material with the desired properties, depending on whether the final product is to be a rigid, semi-rigid or flexible foam

4 Catalysts Lupragen BASF has more than 15 PUR amine catalysts in its product portfolio that make it a world leader in this segment. The company markets high-performance reaction accelerators under the Lupragen brand, including extremely low-emission PUR catalysts. As the world s leading chemical company BASF is offering excellent and consistent product quality, high supplier reliability, and worldwide product availability with dedicated production facilities in Europe and North America. PUR catalysts are usually tertiary amines. They are required to facilitate the reaction of the main components isocyanate and polyol. Depending on the catalyst choice the polyurethane forming process can be controlled to favor the gelling or blowing reaction. This behavior leads to PUR material with the desired properties, depending on whether the final product is to be a rigid, semi-rigid or flexible foam (see pages 12/13). BASF Lupragen catalysts offer the following advantages One-stop product portfolio covering all desired application areas from rigid to flexible PUR foam Availability of low-voc catalysts addressing increasing environmental and health issues in end-consumer products Excellent and consistent catalyst quality 4

Polyols Butanediol (BDO) BASF is the world s biggest producer of 1,4-butanediol (BDO) and its derivatives. BDO is a bifunctional alcohol that is very widely used in the chemical industry.

diisocyanates, and polycarbonates with phosgene. It is also used as a building block in the production of polyester polyols and polyether polyols.

Main BDO reaction types in PUR chemistry: BDO + dicarboxylic acids BDO + alkylene oxides BDO + diisocyanates polyester polyols polyether polyols PUR Polytetrahydrofuran (PolyTHF): PolyTHF is one of

5 Polyols Butanediol (BDO) BASF is the world s biggest producer of 1,4-butanediol (BDO) and its derivatives. BDO is a bifunctional alcohol that is very widely used in the chemical industry. The terminal OH in each of the CH2OH groups of BDO can be reacted with numerous monofunctional and bifunctional compounds, for example to form polyesters with dicarboxylic acids, PUR with diisocyanates, and polycarbonates with phosgene. It is also used as a building block in the production of polyester polyols and polyether polyols. BDO and its derivatives are used for producing engineering plastics, PUR, solvents, electronic chemicals and elastic fibers. Main BDO reaction types in PUR chemistry: BDO + dicarboxylic acids BDO + alkylene oxides BDO + diisocyanates polyester polyols polyether polyols PUR Polytetrahydrofuran (PolyTHF): PolyTHF is one of the main soft segments for thermoplastic elastomers and crosslinked elastomers. The hard segment of thermoplastic elastomers generally consists of chain extenders such as short-chain diols (e.g. 1,4-butanediol) and diamines (e.g. 1,2-propylenediamine). The amorphous soft segment (PolyTHF) not only imparts elasticity and low-temperature flexibility to the finished product but influences the chemical behavior as well. Careful adjustment of the soft segment fine-tunes the desired properties of the final application. BASF is the global market leader in PolyTHF production and manufactures a wide range of PolyTHF molecular weights, including the standard molecular weights 650, 1,000 and 2,000; as well as special 250, technical grade, molecular weights. PolyTHF is the ideal soft segment for PUR with: Excellent dynamic mechanical properties across a wide temperature range Exceptional low-temperature behavior Superior hydrolytic stability High moisture vapor transmission Excellent abrasion resistance High microbial resistance The physical and chemical properties of PolyTHF give it advantages over competitive materials such as polyester polyols, due in particular to its superior hydrolytic stability and microbial resistance. The mechanical properties of components made of glassfiber-reinforced epoxy resins are determined by means of state-of-the-art testing equipment. 5

6 Hexanediol (HDO) 1,6-Hexanediol (HDO) is a valuable specialty intermediate chemical with many applications. A linear diol containing two primary hydroxyl groups, HDO is a white, waxy solid at room temperature and melts easily to a clear liquid at temperatures above its melting range of C. HDO is produced at our global Verbund sites in Ludwigshafen, Germany, and Freeport, Texas. Molten HDO and HDO flakes are the grades supplied. HDO undergoes all reactions typical of primary alcohols. HDO properties are of particular value in the manufacture of polyester polyols used in PUR elastomers, PUR dispersions, coatings and adhesives. Downstream applications of the above include protective and industrial coatings, microcellular PUR, cast elastomers, fibers, cosmetics, printing inks and many more. HDO can also be used as a chain extender. Pure potential: 1,5-pentanediol (PDO) 1,5-Pentanediol (PDO) is a bifunctional alcohol used in the synthesis of innovative TPU, polyester resins, plasticizers, pharmaceuticals, crop protection agents and piperidine. Our high-quality PDO opens up new opportunities in the organic synthesis of products requiring a 5-carbon unit. HDO-based polyester polyols can be used as soft fibre in polymers and are characterized by High resistance to hydrolysis Good physical properties Low glass transition temperature Dry grip 6

Trimethylolpropane (TMP) Trimethylolpropane (TMP) is a major intermediate with a wide range of applications in

synthetic lubricants, polyester and alkyd resin coatings.

It is a white solid at room temperature and easily melts to give a clear liquid at temperatures above its

7 Trimethylolpropane (TMP) Trimethylolpropane (TMP) is a major intermediate with a wide range of applications in the chemical industry, the main ones being PUR, polyester polyols, polyether polyols, binders and adhesives, synthetic lubricants, polyester and alkyd resin coatings. TMP with its three primary alcohol groups is used as a three-functional crosslinking agent. It is a white solid at room temperature and easily melts to give a clear liquid at temperatures above its melting range of C. TMP has a wide variety of applications, with a quaternary structure providing: Superior hydrolytic stability Weatherability A good balance between hardness and flexibility 7

Capromer polycaprolactones Capromer polycaprolactones are speciality polyols for high-performance PUR applications.

Capromers offer outstanding low-temperature flexibility for thermoplastic elastomers used in technical applications and coatings.

The polycaprolactones have a very low melting viscosity for easy processing of PUR elastomers.

For coatings applications the low viscosity facilitates high-solids systems or even solvent-free formulations.

8 Capromer polycaprolactones Capromer polycaprolactones are speciality polyols for high-performance PUR applications. Low-viscosity diand trifunctional polyols are available as components for isocyanate-based formulation systems. Capromers offer outstanding low-temperature flexibility for thermoplastic elastomers used in technical applications and coatings. BASF s Capromers are used where high hydrolytic stability is required together with good light-fastness. The polycaprolactones have a very low melting viscosity for easy processing of PUR elastomers. Capromer-based PUR dispersions are the best choice for any textile and leather application. For coatings applications the low viscosity facilitates high-solids systems or even solvent-free formulations. Such coatings offer excellent weatherability and chemical resistance. Trifunctional Capromers have extraordinarily low viscosity and increase the resistance in any PU-based adhesives and coatings consistent reactivity. The unique manufacturing process results in Capromers of unique quality with low catalyst levels for consistent reactivity of the PUR reaction in your process. Capromers are available as standard grades and as premium grades with reduced acid value for even greater hydrolytic stability. 8

Additives Ethanolamines (EOA) are used in various PUR applications as chain extenders and cross-linkers. Mono-, di- and triethanolamine (MEOA, DEOA, TEOA) forms exist.

BASF offers a high level of supplier reliability as a European market leader with full backward integration into raw materials and plants in Germany, Asia and Belgium.

9 Additives Ethanolamines (EOA) are used in various PUR applications as chain extenders and cross-linkers. Mono-, di- and triethanolamine (MEOA, DEOA, TEOA) forms exist. DEOA and TEOA may be used as polymerization starters in polyol manufacture. The catalytic effect also provides a means of controlling the foaming rate and subsequent curing. BASF offers a high level of supplier reliability as a European market leader with full backward integration into raw materials and plants in Germany, Asia and Belgium. The company also has an extensive product range with a variety of solutions and mixtures. Mono-, di- and triethanolamine (MEOA, DEOA, TEOA) are produced from synthesis of ethylene oxide and ammonia. In addition to pure grades and an array of mixtures and solutions, BASF supplies a mixture of TEOA and DEOA created especially for the PUR market and sold under the product name Triethanolamine S. Methyldiethanolamine (MDEOA) is an amine-based polyol that is suitable for use as a PUR catalyst and as a special polyol in PUR synthesis. A doubleaction additive (catalyst and polyol), MDEOA is also a useful cross-linker and chain extender. BASF is the world s only manufacturer with full backward integration covering all the raw materials contained in MDEOA. N4-Amine is making a name as a special catalyst in the flexible foam segment. The high amine content significantly reduces starting time. This property is an advantage when rapid foam injection is required. Aminoethylethanol amine (AEEA) is used as a chain extender and cross-linker for PUR and affects polymer properties accordingly. The product s bifunctionality is a requirement for its use in these areas. Both the hydroxy and the amine function react very well with isocyanates. Isopropanolamines Monoisopropanolamine (MIPA), diisopropanolamine (DIPA) and triisopropanolamine (TIPA) are suitable as PUR additive. In the manufacture of flexible foams, these products can be used in order to adjust parameters like tensile and tear strength and can aid in high-temperature resistance. Basionics antistatics Basionics TM are outstanding new additives to provide antistatic properties to polyurethanes. Basionics antistatics may be applied to a wide range of PUR products, from low-density flexible foams, to microcellular materials, to compact PUR materials like cast elastomers or TPU. They allow a targeted selection in terms of conductivity, matrix compatibility and insertability and offer wide formulation flexibility. As Basionics are transparent, manufacturers can produce naturally colored as well as tinted products. The wide window of thermal stability allows their use in nearly all common PUR manufacturing and application processes. Basionics are also available as TPU masterbatches. 9

Solvents BASF is a leading producer of dimethylformamide (DMF), N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAC), N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP),

major consumption areas make BASF the poly urethane industry s supplier and partner of choice.

10 Solvents BASF is a leading producer of dimethylformamide (DMF), N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAC), N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone (NEP) and propylene carbonate (PC) with integrated production sites in Ludwigshafen, Germany and Nanjing, China. Expertise in the production of DMF, DMAC, NMP, NEP and PC combined with fully backward-integrated production sites in all major consumption areas make BASF the poly urethane industry s supplier and partner of choice. As the world s leading chemical company, BASF has many years of experience in DMF, DMAC, NMP, NEP and PC with regard to issues such as health, sustainability, product stewardship, safety and the environment. We share this expertise to make our customers more successful. 10

Dimethylformamide (DMF) is a colorless, high-boiling, polar liquid with high solvency power. It is freely miscible with water and easily recycled.

N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone (NEP) are semi-volatile, aprotic, highly polar solvents. Both products are colorless, highly mobile liquids with a faint amine-like odor.

11 Dimethylformamide (DMF) is a colorless, high-boiling, polar liquid with high solvency power. It is freely miscible with water and easily recycled. DMF is a major solvent in the production of PUR elastomers, spandex fibers and synthetic leather. N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone (NEP) are semi-volatile, aprotic, highly polar solvents. Both products are colorless, highly mobile liquids with a faint amine-like odor. NMP and NEP are infinitely miscible with water and most organic solvents. Other uses: Solvent in PAC fiber production Reaction medium in the production of active ingredients for pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals Intermediate in numerous industrial processes Selective absorbent for gases Applications for NMP and NEP include: PUR dispersion production Cleaning of molds and production systems (nozzles, tanks) Removal of PUR-based paints and resins Process aid in the manufacture of PUR-based adhesives N,N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAC) is a colorless, water-miscible and polar liquid which is commonly used as a solvent for industrial applications and organic reactions. DMAC is the solvent of choice for the production of spandex fibers. Propylene carbonate (PC) has a number of beneficial properties and characteristics in urethane chemistry applications. It can be used as a viscosity reducer, compatibilizer, reactive diluent and plasticizer in urethane systems. Other fields of application for N,N-dimethylacetamide are: Solvent for the production of PAC fibers Production of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals Solvent and reaction medium for a variety of industrial processes Other fields of applications for propylene carbonate are: Solvent replacement for toxic solvents (low toxicity and non-irritability) The mechanical properties of components made of glassfiber-reinforced epoxy resins are determined by means of state-of-the-art testing equipment. 11

Comprehensive portfolio of PUR intermediates BASF name International name CAS-no. Mol. weight [g/mol] TSCA REACH ENCS/ IS Lupragen N 100 N,N-Dimethylcyclohexylamine 98-94-2 127.

12 Comprehensive portfolio of PUR intermediates BASF name International name CAS-no. Mol. weight [g/mol] TSCA REACH ENCS/ IS Lupragen N 100 N,N-Dimethylcyclohexylamine registered + Lupragen N 101 N,N-Dimethylethanolamine registered + Lupragen N 105 N-Methylmorpholine preregistered + Lupragen N 106 2,2 -Dimorpholinodiethylether preregistered MON2, JP Lupragen N 107 Dimethylaminoethoxyethanol preregistered + Lupragen N 201 Triethylenediamine 33% sol. in dipropyleneglycol preregistered + Lupragen N 203 Triethylenediamine 33% sol. in monoethyleneglycol preregistered + Lupragen N 205 Bis(2-dimethylaminoethyl)ether preregistered + Lupragen N 301 Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine preregistered + Lupragen N 400 N,N,N -Trimethylaminoethylethanolamine preregistered + Lupragen N 500 N,N,N,N -Tetramethyl-1,6-hexanediamine preregistered + Lupragen N 600 S-Triazine registered + Lupragen N 700 1,8-Diazabicyclo-5,4,0-undecene preregistered + Lupragen API N-(3-Aminopropyl)imidazole preregistered + Lupragen DMI 1,2-Dimethylimidazole preregistered + Lupragen NMI 1-Methylimidazole preregistered + 3-Dimethylaminopropane-1-ol 3-Dimethylaminopropane-1-ol preregistered + PolyTHF 650S Polytetramethyleneetherglycol 650S exempt + PolyTHF 1000 Polytetramethyleneetherglycol exempt + PolyTHF 1000S Polytetramethyleneetherglycol 1000S exempt + PolyTHF 2000 Polytetramethyleneetherglycol exempt + 1,4-Butanediol 1,4-Butanediol registered MON2, JP 1,6-Hexanediol 1,6-Hexanediol registered + If not specifi ed, b.p. and m.p. measured at 1013 hpa. Exclusively marketed by Evonik Industries AG 12

13 Melting point [ C] Boiling point [ C] Purity/content [%] Low emission Application flexible foam semi-rigid rigid elastomer adhesives TPU slabstock molded foam foam shoe sole coatings min (GC) min (GC) min (GC) min (GC) < min (GC) + 39 n.d (titration) (titration) < min (GC) < min (GC) < min (GC) min (GC) not available min (GC) (GC) min (GC) min (GC) min > 250 min > 250 min > 250 min > 250 min min (GC) min (GC) 13

BASF name International name CAS-no. Mol. weight [g/mol] TSCA REACH ENCS/ IS 1,5-Pentanediol 1,5-Pentanediol 111-29-5 104.2 + registered + TMP (Trimethylolpropane) Trimethylolpropane 77-99-6 134.

1 + registered + PC (Propylene carbonate) Propylene carbonate 108-32-7 102.1 + registered + DMAPA 3-(Dimethylamino)propylamine 109-55-7 102.

14 BASF name International name CAS-no. Mol. weight [g/mol] TSCA REACH ENCS/ IS 1,5-Pentanediol 1,5-Pentanediol registered + TMP (Trimethylolpropane) Trimethylolpropane registered + NEP (N-Ethyl-2-pyrrolidone) 1-Ethyl-2-pyrrolidone registered + NMP (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone) 1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone registered + PC (Propylene carbonate) Propylene carbonate registered + DMAPA 3-(Dimethylamino)propylamine registered + N-(2-Aminoethyl)ethanolamine N-(2-Aminoethyl)ethanolamine registered + Methyldiethanolamine Methyldiethanolamine registered + Monoethanolamine pure Monoethanolamine pure registered + Triethanolamine S Triethanolamine S registered + Triethanolamine pure Triethanolamine pure registered + Diethanolamine pure Diethanolamine pure registered + Diisopropanolamine Diisopropanolamine registered + Isopropanolamine Isopropanolamine registered + Triisopropanolamine Triisopropanolamine registered + N4-Amine N,N -Bis-(3-aminopropyl)-ethylenediamine preregistered - Capromer PD1-10 Capromer PD exempt + Capromer PD1-10A Capromer PD1-10A exempt + Capromer PD1-20 Capromer PD exempt + Capromer PD1-20A Capromer PD1-20A exempt + Capromer PD4-05 Capromer PD exempt + Capromer PT1-05 Capromer PT exempt + If not specifi ed, b.p. and m.p. measured at 1013 hpa. Capromer and Basionics are registered trademarks of BASF SE. PolyTHF and Lupragen are registered trademarks of BASF SE in many countries. 14

Melting point [ C] Boiling point [ C] Purity/content [%] Low emission Application flexible foam semi-rigid rigid elastomer adhesives TPU slabstock molded foam foam

99.5 21 243 min. 99.0 11 170 min. 99.7 8 175 185 (2 hpa) 82.0 88.0 18-23 336 min. 99.3 27 270 min. 99.3 44.5 45.5 249 255 min. 99.0 2 158 159 min. 99.0 45 301 min.

15 Melting point [ C] Boiling point [ C] Purity/content [%] Low emission Application flexible foam semi-rigid rigid elastomer adhesives TPU slabstock molded foam foam shoe sole coatings min (GC) min (GC) < (GC) min (GC) min (GC) < min (GC) < min min min (2 hpa) min min min min min > 169 min > 250 min > 250 min > 250 min > 250 min > 250 min > 250 min

Intermediates for the PUR industry Your benefits: Globally unique portfolio of chemical intermediates High level of supply reliability Local presence Extensive customer service Wide-ranging support

In view of the many factors that may affect processing and application of our product, the data does not relieve processors from carrying out their own investigations and tests; neither does the data

16 Intermediates for the PUR industry Your benefits: Globally unique portfolio of chemical intermediates High level of supply reliability Local presence Extensive customer service Wide-ranging support CZ / The data contained in this publication is based on our current knowledge and experience. In view of the many factors that may affect processing and application of our product, the data does not relieve processors from carrying out their own investigations and tests; neither does the data imply any guarantee of certain properties, nor the suitability of the product for a specific purpose. Any descriptions, drawings, photographs, data, proportions, weights etc. given herein may change without prior information and do not constitute the agreed contractual quality of the product. It is the responsibility of the recipient of our products to ensure that any proprietary rights and existing laws and legislation are observed. The safety data given in this publication is for information purposes only and does not constitute a legally binding Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). The relevant MSDS can be obtained upon request from your supplier or you may contact BASF directly at info.intermediates@basf.com edition

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