e e Collisions at ELIC
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1 Physics With Collisions at ELIC Collisions at ELIC E. Chudakov (JLab), June 26, 26 Opportunity to build a collider using the ELIC ring Physics motivation for a high luminosity, polarized collider Discussion E.Chudakov (JLab) 1
2 Physics With Collisions at ELIC ELIC and Opportunity for Collisions Electron-Ion Collider - JLab Design Add a central collision point 3 3 GeV GeV Crab crossing L cm 2 s 1 =.3 pb 1 s 1 Collision rate 1.5 GHz Polarization flip > 1. MHz Bunch trains polar. structure (?) Physics Less than in e + (no annihilation) 3 GeV - 7 GeV, 1.5 GHz, 2.5 A p cm 2 s 1 =.1 pb 1 s 1 But: Record luminosity Polarization No annihilation - less BG E.Chudakov (JLab) 2
3 Physics With Collisions at ELIC Basic Processes in Collisions scattering γγ scattering γ γ 2 γ 1 SM tests Polarized scattering: QCD Production of scalers: QCD Production of pairs: QCD Tagging Detecting secondary q 2 1, q 2 2 Typically at low L: q 2 1 E.Chudakov (JLab) 3
4 Physics With Collisions at ELIC Virtual Photon Flux Ratio of photons to electrons in EPA: ( 1 dn γ n e dz = f γ/e α 1 + (1 z) 2 log Q2 max 2π z Q 2 min, ) 2(1 z) (1 Q2 min ), z = E γ z Q 2 max E e Bremsstrahlung energy spectrum Going from Q 2 min m 2 e to high Q 2 costs 1 2 in the fux E.Chudakov (JLab) 4
5 Physics With Collisions at ELIC Electron Colliders Machine years type E max, L 1 33 L P 1 P 2 tagging GeV cm 2 s 1 fb 1 PETRA e yes PEP e yes TRISTAN e yes VEPP-4M e yes CESR e yes SLC e LEP e PEP-II e KEKB e KEKB-II? e ? ILC? e ? ELIC-ee? yes E.Chudakov (JLab) 5
6 Physics With Collisions at ELIC Competitive Power of ELIC-ee Polarization of both beams (no competitor) Luminosity (competition with Super-B-factory) Tagging at low angles (competition with low-luminosity experiments): PLUTO - tagging θ e > 1, anti-tagging (W is needed) θ e < 5 E.Chudakov (JLab) 6
7 Physics With Collisions at ELIC SM test: Measurement of sin 2 θ W in Møller Scattering Møller Scattering EM part - parity conserving σ LL σ RL σ LL +σ RL.8 γ-z interference - parity violation: γ γ Single spin asymmetry P b, P t = A (1) LR = σ L σ R σ L +σ R, σ L = σ LL + σ LR, σ R = σ RL + σ RR Z Z Double spin asymmetry P b, P t A (2) LR = σ LL σ RR σ LL +σ RR A (1) LR, A(2) LR are calculable in SM At this ( tree ) level: A (2) LR = G F 2πα (1 4 sin 2 θ W ) s y(1 y) 1+y 4 +(1 y) 4, y = 1 cos θ CM 2 dσ dω = r2 e m2 e s (3+cos2 θ) 2 sin 2 θ E.Chudakov (JLab) 7
8 Physics With Collisions at ELIC SM test: Main point - Next Order Corrections Next level diagrams - loops, boxes etc, involve heavy fermions and bosons: Loop Diagrams A way to incorporate the corrections: (1 4 sin 2 θ W ) (1 4 sin 2 θ eff W (Q)) Z Z sin 2 θ eff W (M Z) = sin 2 θ W = measured reference f f W W point γ γ Z γ W W γ ν e W Box Diagrams γz γz γz γz E.Chudakov (JLab) 8
9 Physics With Collisions at ELIC SM test: SLAC E158 Møller Scattering (hep-ex/5449) Fixed target on 1.5 m long H 2, E=45-48 GeV, s =.21 GeV Luminosity, L = fb 1 BG: p elastic, DIS A obs fighting with false asymmetries! Measured at Q 2 =.26 GeV 2 A P V Derived: = (131 ± 14(stat) ± 1(syst)) 1 9 sin 2 θ eff W (Q) =.2397 ±.1(stat) ±.8(syst) 95% CL limits on physics beyond SM Heavy Z : M > 1 TeV Compositeness (contact interaction) Λ + LL > 7 TeV Λ LL > 16 TeV E.Chudakov (JLab) 9
10 Physics With Collisions at ELIC SM test: Møller Scattering at ELIC s = 12.3 GeV, P.9(±3%) Measure A (2) LR = σ LL σ RR σ LL +σ RR N LL N RR N LL +N RR = A (2) LR P eff (1 δ), δ.2 calculable P eff = P 1+P 2 1+P 1 P 2 =.995 ±.2 Acceptance cos θ <.7 Trigger 3 khz, reconstruction exper. Q, σa/a % s 2 W 1 5 GeV stat syst stat syst total LEP, SLD NuTeV E QWeak(JLab) ELIC Statistics σa =.8% (6 months net) Systematics σa <.5%: Acceptance <.1% Normalization <.1% Eff. polarization <.2% BG <.1% E.Chudakov (JLab) 1
11 Physics Constrains Physics With Collisions at ELIC SM test: Møller Scattering at ELIC σ(sin 2 θ eff ) =.16 Model independent: contact interaction (compositeness) [ L = ηll (ψ L γ µ ψ L ) 2 + η RR (ψ R γ µ ψ R ) 2 + η LR (ψ L γ µ ψ L )(ψ R γ µ ψ R ) 2] 4π 2Λ 2 ee sin 2 θ meas W Λ + LL sin 2 θ SM W = ± π G F 2 η LL +η RR +η LR Λ 2 ee > 8 TeV 2 TeV at 95% CL Λ LL > 16 TeV 5 TeV Model dependent: extra neutral gauge bosons ( 1 in SO(1) or 2 in E 6 ) 1 4s 2(obs) W 1 4s 2(SM) W = 1 + M 2 Z M 2 Z1 M Z1 >.7 TeV 2.4 TeV Other: SUSY, doubly-charged Higgs etc., but no sensitivity to leptoquarks. Complementarity with other SM measurements, existing and future E.Chudakov (JLab) 11
12 Physics With Collisions at ELIC SM test: Summary Electro-weak coupling measurement at Q 1 GeV Very accurate measurement at the optimal Q 2 value (far from Z, but high asymmetry), σ(sin 2 θ eff ) =.16 Sensitive to physics beyond SM at a scale up to 5 TeV Needs the highest luminosity and high polarization - only ILC can come close Complimentarity with the LHC etc. An accuracy of 1.5 times better? E.Chudakov (JLab) 12
13 Physics With Collisions at ELIC Photon Structure Functions : p 2 DIS on Photons γ 2 : q 2 : p 2 d 2 σ(eγ ex) dq 2 dx = 2πα2 Q 4 x [ (1 + (1 y) 2 ) F γ 2 (Q2, x) y 2 F γ L (Q2, x) ] γ 1 : q 1 e ± : p 1 e ± : p 1 W 2 = (q 1 + q 2 ) 2 ; q1 2 <, q2 2 < DIS: Q 2 = Q 2 2 = q2 2 m 2 ρ, q1 2 x e = Q 2 2 2(p 1 q 2 ) Q 2 2 x = 2(q 1 q 2 ) = Q 2 2 W 2 + Q Q2 2 y e = (p 1 q 2 ) (p 1 p 2 ) ; y = (q 1 q 2 ) (q 1 p 2 ) E.Chudakov (JLab) 13
14 Physics With Collisions at ELIC Photon Structure Functions Polarized Formalism from Shore,24 (ξ = Q 2 /x e s): σ = σ ++ + σ + = πα2 s σ = σ ++ σ + = πα2 s dq 2 Q 2 1 dx e [ ( F e x (1 ye ) 2) ] FLy e e 2 ey e dq 2 Q 2 1 dx e x e g e 1 (2 y e ) Convert to photon structure functions using Altarelli-Parisi splitting functions: F e 2 (x e, Q 2 ) = α 2π dq 2 1 Q x e dx x x e x P γe( x e x )F γ 2 (x, Q2 ; Q 2 1) g e 1(x e, Q 2 ) = α 2π dq 2 1 Q where P γe (z) = (1 = (1 z) 2 )/z, P γe (z) = (2 z) g γ 1 has not been measured! x e dx x P γe( x e x )gγ 1 (x, Q2 ; Q 2 1) E.Chudakov (JLab) 14
15 Physics With Collisions at ELIC Photon Structure Functions - Theory In contrast with the hadron structure functions the photon functions CAN be predicted within Quark Parton Model. F 2, g 1 - in LO, NLO... Sum rules - in all orders? E.Chudakov (JLab) 15
16 Physics With Collisions at ELIC Photon Structure Functions - Sum Rules From Feynman rules and OPE, no parton model: 1 dx e x n e d 2 σ dq 2 dx e dq 2 1 = α 3 1 Q 4 Q dz z n P γe (z) 1 dx x n 1 F γ 2 (x, Q2 ; Q 2 1) 1 dx e x n e d 2 σ dq 2 dx e dq 2 1 = α 3 1 s Q 4 Q dz z n 1 P γe (z) 1 dx x n 1 g γ 1 (x, Q2 ; Q 2 1) From EM current conservation: 1 dx gγ 1 (x, Q2 ; Q 2 1 = ) = Evolution of this sum with Q 2 1 is driven by the axial anomaly. Shore,24 compared potentials of different machines to make this measurement. Conclusion: one needs a machine of the ELIC-ee type (P, E, L) More work is needed to elaborate... E.Chudakov (JLab) 16
17 Physics With Collisions at ELIC Scalers and Pairs Production in 2-photon Collisions A well developed field. Benefits from the polarization are not clear. Can one exploit the high luminosity plus good tagging? Both Photon Virtualities Existing machines - one photon is always quasi-real because of the event rates. For both photons virtual: Formfactors Photon flux 1 1 L ELIC /L CLEO 1 - within the reach. E.Chudakov (JLab) 17
18 Physics With Collisions at ELIC Conclusion Potentially interesting physics with collisions at ELIC: Unique SM test - at a level of LEP-SLD accuracy Unique measurements of the photon s polarized structure functions QCD studies with 2-gamma physics beyond the posibilities of the existed machines Before elaborating further one should discuss: Feasibility of such a machine How to fit it in the ELIC design... E.Chudakov (JLab) 18
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