Electroweak Baryogenesis in Non-Standard Cosmology

Transcription

1 Electroweak Baryogenesis in Non-Standard Cosmology Universität Bielefeld... KOSMOLOGIETAG Related to works in colloboration with M. Carena, A. Delgado, A. De Simone, M. Quirós, A. Riotto, N. Sahu, C. Wagner

2 Outline Outline 1 EWBG Mechanism Review 2 Effective Theory of the LSS (MSSM) 3 EWBG in the MSSM (Standard Cosmology) 4

3 EWBG Mechanism Review The Question: Why this asymmetry? The Universe is populated by matter. BBN and CMB furnish independently: η n B n B n γ = (6.11±0.19) Mechanisms attempting to produce η must contain the ingredients [Sakharov,1967] (if CPT symmetry) 1 B violation 2 C and CP violation 3 Departure from thermal equilibrium How did the Universe arrive to this asymmetry? One possible mechanism: EWBG (alternatives: Drewes,Domcke,Wu,Herranen s talks)

4 EWBG Mechanism Review EWBG in the SM and MSSM Kuzmin, Rubakov and Shapshnikov, Phys.Lett.B155:36,1985;... Some EWBG reviews: M. Quirós, hep-ph/ A. Riotto, hep-ph/ J. Cline, hep-ph/ SM(even with m ν = 0) and MSSM contain the Sakh. condts: 1 B number is non-perturbative violated Le Lµ at T 0 (sphalerons) [ t Hooft,76] 2 CKM matrix (SM) or Soft Breaking terms (MSSM) contain CP violating phases 3 EWPT (when of 1 st order) proceeds by bubble nucleation. Expanding bubbles break the thermal equilibrium. Lτ Q1 Q 2 Q 3

5 EWBG Mechanism Review EWBG in the SM and MSSM V(φ,T) m(t)φ 2 +F(T)φ 3 +λ(t)φ 4 φ SM(even with m ν = 0) and MSSM contain the Sakh. condts: 1 B number is non-perturbative violated Le Lµ at T 0 (sphalerons) [ t Hooft,76] 2 CKM matrix (SM) or Soft Breaking terms (MSSM) contain CP violating phases 3 EWPT (when of 1 st order) proceeds by bubble nucleation. Expanding bubbles break the thermal equilibrium. Lτ Q1 Q 2 Q 3

6 EWBG Mechanism Review EWBG in the SM and MSSM V(φ,T) m(t)φ 2 +F(T)φ 3 +λ(t)φ 4 φ >0 φ >0. φ φ >0 φ =0 φ >0 φ >0 φ >0 SM(even with m ν = 0) and MSSM contain the Sakh. condts: 1 B number is non-perturbative violated Le Lµ at T 0 (sphalerons) [ t Hooft,76] 2 CKM matrix (SM) or Soft Breaking terms (MSSM) contain CP violating phases 3 EWPT (when of 1 st order) proceeds by bubble nucleation. Expanding bubbles break the thermal equilibrium. Lτ Q1 Q 2 Q 3

7 EWBG Mechanism Review EWBG in the SM and MSSM V(φ,T) m(t)φ 2 +F(T)φ 3 +λ(t)φ 4 CP asymmetry. φ φ 0 q L >q L φ = 0 wall z In (front of) the wall CP asymm. generates temporally q L > q L There are more sphalerons B than those B Temporally B asymm. is present beyond the wall The wall expansion introduces B > 0 inside the bubble, where it remains there forever IF sphalerons do not wash out it!!!

8 EWBG Mechanism Review EWBG in the SM and MSSM Sphalerons do not wash out η if... Dilution: B f B i exp[ Γ sp (T n )/H] Γ sp (T n ) = KT n e Esp(Tn) Tn. (taking E sp (T n ) 35 T n φ(t n ) T n H in rad. era)... the 1st order phase transition is STRONG

9 EWBG Mechanism Review EWBG in the SM and MSSM EWBG in the SM is ruled out: The EWPT turns out not to be strong for m h > 75 GeV [Kajantie et al.,97] Small CP asymmetry And in the MSSM? New physics at the EW scale may modify the EWPT New couplings violating CP

10 Effective Theory LSS Framework [Carena et al.,96;delepine et al.,96;cline et al.,98] The main features of the LSS spectrum are: Fermions are at the EW scale (gluino may be a bit heavy) The t R is lighter than the top quark The other scalars M Q m A... m few TeV A t m (enhancing the strength of the EWPT) (A sort of light-stop scenario in SS) LOW ENERGY EFFECTIVE THEORY (to avoid large logs) [Carena,GN,Quirós,Wagner 08,09]

11 Effective Theory LE Lagrangian [Carena,GN,Quirós,Wagner 08,09] The effective Lagrangian is L eff = m 2 H H λ 2 ( H H ) 2 ht [ q L ǫh t R ]+Y t [ Hu ǫq L t R] 2G Θ g t R g a T a t R + 2J t R Bt R 1 6 K t R 2 t R 2 Q t R 2 H 2 + (g H u σ a Wa +g B ) u Hu + HT ǫ ( g B) d σ a Wa +g d Hd + h.c. 2 2 M 3 2 Θ g g a g a M 2 2 W A WA M 1 2 B B µ H T uǫ H d M 2 U t R t R EW (M3 ) EFF. m t L, b L,H h,... SUSY E

12 EWBG in the MSSM (Standard Cosmology) Higgs-Stop window φ(t n ) /T n > 1 (µ = 100,M 3 = 500) Condt. 1: tanβ 15 by EDM and BAU Condt. 2: stab. or metastab. (T n SP CB < Tf SP EWB ) m = 500 TeV m = 8000 TeV Based on effect. parameters. g 3,h t 2-loops T 0 at g 3,h t approx For EDM: Chang et al.,99 For BAU: Carena et al.,03; Konstandin et al.,06; D. J. H. Chung et.al.,09

13 EWBG in the MSSM (Standard Cosmology) Higgs-Stop window φ(t n ) /T n > 1 (µ = 100,M 3 = 500) Condt. 1: tanβ 15 by EDM and BAU Condt. 2: stab. or metastab. (T n SP CB < Tf SP EWB ) m = 500 TeV m = 8000 TeV EWBG bounds (LEP bound): m h 127 GeV m t R 120 GeV m 7 TeV

14 EWBG in the MSSM (Standard Cosmology) Produced B-asymmetry Different approaches: Carena et al.,03; Konstandin et al.,06; D. J. H. Chung et.al.,09. We apply the intermediate one 10 η/ηbbn µ = 100 GeV sin φ = 1 µ = 250 GeV sin φ = 1 µ = 100 GeV sin φ = 0.6 µ = 250 GeV sin φ = tanβ Calculation strongly depends on details (M 1,M 2,µ): Good choice: tanβ 15 Very conservative: tanβ 5

15 Relaxing Assumption (NON-SC) replacements log 10 Γ φ(tn) <1 Tn φ(tn) >1 Tn GeV log 10 T T = O(100 GeV) radiation domination

16 Relaxing Assumption [Joyce et al. 98] replacements log 10 Γ φ(tn) <1 Tn φ(tn) >1 Tn GeV log 10 T No entropy injection (gain strength,loose η) [GN, Sahu 11] Fig. from Particle Dark Matter: Observations, Models and Searches, edited by G. Bertone.

17 Relaxing Assumption [Joyce et al. 98] log 10 Γ φ(tn) <1 Tn φ(tn) >1 Tn GeV log 10 T φ(t) T Sphal. in equil. in unbroken phase H ew /H sc < Sphal. out-of-equil. in broken phase > D + 1 Hsc T=Tn 35 log H ew, D = 1

18 Relaxed window [Carena,GN,Quirós,Wagner in progress] H ew /H sc = 1,10 3,10 6 m t [GeV] m = 8 TeV m t [GeV] m = 10 6 TeV m h [GeV] m h [GeV] New upper bounds: m h 135 GeV and m t 125 GeV New parameter region of the effective couplings: different fingerprint of LSS at LHC for SC/NSC?

19 Minimal m for (m h,m t R ) = (114.7,95) GeV 7000 m [GeV] H ew /H sc larger H ew /H sc, less hierarchy problem!

20 Conclusions H ew = H sc m h 127,GeV, m t 120 GeV H ew H sc m h 135 GeV, m t 125 GeV GW [D.Chung et al. 10] Growth of DM (if freeze-out) no neutralino DM [M.Kamionkowski et al. 90] Magnetic field evolution? [T.Stevens et al. 11] At LHC signatures different from SC? [Menon et al. 09, Cohen et al. 12, Curtin et al. 12, Carena,GN,Quiros,Wagner 12*] Applied on MSSM, but general!

21 Why EWBG interesting? Pheno connections with In cosmology (at the electroweak epoch): Primordial magnetic field Gravitational waves Pre-BBN cosmology... In particle physics (new physics at the EW scale): Signatures at colliders Precision physics (EDMs,...)...

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23 Stop-neutralino Neutralino Mass [GeV/c 2 ] CDF Run II Preliminary Observed Limit (95% CL) Expected Limit (±1σ) m~= m t χ o 1 + m c -1 L dt=2.6 fb m t ~= m W + m b + m o χ 1 40 o LEP θ = 56 o LEP θ = 0-1 CDF 295 pb -1 DØ 995 pb Stop Mass [GeV/c ]

24 Matter-Decay Domination t e τ 6 S Log 10 Ρ Ρ X Τ 4 2 Ρ R Ρ X 3 4 S S i 0 Ρ R H ew H ew H sc Ρ X H sc t teτ ρx ρ R Log 10 t/gev 1 ρ+ R t ρ R 1/4 t=τ NO ENHANCEMENT! ( η = 1/6 max = η exp ) 1/6

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26 Gauge Coupling Unification EWBG suggests m TeV. Large modif. from the usual parameter region of the MSSM, which unifies. EWBG compatible with unification? (4π) 2 d dt g i = gi 3b g1 2 = (5/3)g 2 i+ [ 3 ] + g3 i (4π) 2 j=1 B ijgj 2 du i h2 t d G i G2 d J i J2 b LSS = ( ) , 7 6, Θ g b SUSY = ( 33 5, 2, 3) m Z m M GUT

27 Gauge Coupling Unification EWBG suggests m TeV. Large modif. from the usual parameter region of the MSSM, which unifies. EWBG compatible with unification? YES α3(mz) m [GeV] 1-σ prediction: M 3 = 500 GeV: m = ±0.6 TeV M 3 = 150 GeV: m = ±0.6 TeV

28 Metastability Is the transition EWB CB possible? NO V [GeV 4 ] 4e+06 4e+06 2e+06 2e V [GeV 4 ] 0-5e+07-1e e+08-2e+06-2e t h -2e t h S EWB CB IT DOESN T DECAY! S 3 / T T T h n

29 Carena, Quiros, Riotto, Vilja, Wagner Nucl.PhysB 503

30 m A = 2000 GeV D. Curtin, P. Jaiswal, P. Meade, arxiv: m A = 300 GeV