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2 /. : : The University of Jordan Authorization Form I, Maha Mahmoud Ibrahim Al-Etoum, authorize the University of Jordan to supply copies of my Thesis/ Dissertation to libraries or establishments or individuals on request. Signature: Date:

3 ب ) / / ( ( )

4 ج " "

5 د : : : : - : - : -١ ٢. -٣ :. : - -

6 ه ( ) - : :

7 و.. -.

8 ١ " " - : : : :.. : : - " " -. " " " "

9 ٢. : " ". : :. :." / "

10 ٣. " ". : :

11 ٤... : :... :.. - -

12 ٥ : - :. ": " ":. " : " " : ": " " ( ) " " " - ": : -. / ". / -. / - R.Barthes : - : :

13 ٦ ". : ( ). ": ": ( ). " ": " ". ". " :( ) ":( ). " ":. ". : -.. : : -.

14 ٧. " : : ": : :. ". : " " " ".. " ": ( ) -. " " " ": ": ( ). ".. : -. - : -.

15 ٨. " " : ". ". " : ( ).. ". " ": ":( )... " - - ع بدالل ه إبراه يم ال ثقافة العرب ية الحديثة والمرجعيات المستعارة المرآز الثقافي العربي الدار البيضاء بيروت ط ١ ١٩٩٩ ص ١٠٠ :. - :

16 ٩. :. -." " " ( ) " " " " " ". " ( ) " ( ) : "

17 ١٠ ( ) ( )... ": ":. ". ".. ". ".. ": : -.

18 ١١.. ". ( ) : ": " " " " ". " " " " " ". ": " " ".. -. : :. : : ": - " ( ) "

19 ١٢ ( ) " " ( ).. "... " " "Discourse" " " -.."... : " " -

20 ١٣ " " " ". " -.

21 ١٤ " " :. " " " " " " " " " " ". " " ( ) " " R.Descart. ". ". M.Foucault

22 ١٥ " ". ".. ". "..". " (Enoncès). " " :.... " " : : -.. -

23 ١٦ ( ). "... : ".. "..". " ( ) ".. " : : -.

24 ١٧ ". :. " ".. " - - ". " ". " - ".. : :

25 ١٨.. " " :.. "... ".. ". - : -.. -

26 ١٩ ".. " ". "...- : - :.. - : -.

27 ٢٠. ". " ". " : - :. " : -.

28 ٢١ : - " " text spoken ": discourse. " written discourse discourse. " "..". " ١- فاض ل ثام ر اللغ ة الثان ية ف ي إش كالية الم نهج وال نظرية والمص طلح في الخطاب النقدي العربي الحديث المرآز الثقافي العربي الدار البيضاء بيروت ط ١ ١٩٩٤ ص ٧٥ William Bright, International Encyclopedia of Linguistics, V1, Oxford, University - Press-New York, Oxford, 1992, P356 ( - ) - Ducort, Todorov, Encyclopedic Dictionary of Sciences of Language, London, 1979, - p.295. : -.

29 ٢٢. " ". " - " : : ". " : -

30 ٢٣. " ". ". ".. ".( ).." " )..(. " : : : : : -.

31 ٢٤..... " : : " " ". : : - : " : " " ( ) (...) ( ) :.". -. -

32 ٢٥ ". : - - (١)"

33 ٢٦ : - : " : :... " ". "..." "

34 ٢٧. [ ]" :. "... ". " " :. " : اللفظ القول الجملة الكلام " :... :

35 ٢٨. ". / : ".... "..... : -.. / -

36 ٢٩ : - "... " ". " " " " ".. " " :. " ( ) ( ) "... ( ).. " :. -. :

37 ٣٠.. ". " :. " Poetics " " " ". ". " " :

38 ٣١. " -. ". ". ". ". : ". ". "

39 ٣٢. : الخطاب الا سلوبية الشعرية.. " ( )

40 ٣٣ P.Recourd / ( ). " F.Desoussur " / " ". " ". " -١. : : -٢ -

41 ٣٤ : - " " ". " " : - ( ) " ". ". A.J.Greimas " " " -.

42 ٣٥ ( ) ( ) ( ) ". : N.Chomsky Z.S Harris M.A.K.Halliday.R.Hassan ": " : ". ". ( ) - - :

43 ٣٦ " " " " " : " E.Benvenist " " ". " - " : - ". " :... ١- سعيد يقطين تحليل الخطاب الرواي ي المرآز الثقافي العربي الدار البيضاء بيروت ط ٣ ١٩٩٧ ص ١٧

44 ٣٧. " T.Todorov G.Genette " :. (... ) ": ".. " ". " " : V.Daijk

45 ٣٨ " : ". " " : ( ) / /. ( ) -. " ( ) / " " ". "." " " - : -. -

46 ٣٩. M.Stubbs. M.Stubbs, Discourse Analysis, Oxford, 1984, P1 -

47 ٤٠ : - : " :. ".." :.( ).. " " - - " : (٢)". " " " ":

48 ٤١. ( ) " "." :. " : - " ". " " " ". " ". -. "... ". - "

49 ٤٢. : - - ". " " :. ". " ". ""Sound-images ". - - : -.

50 ٤٣ ". Diachronic Synchronic / Signifier /.Signified " :.Semiology.( = Semeion ) Semiology.. " " : " ". : - : -.

51 ٤٤. " la parole ". " : ". (énoncé).. " " : ". ". " ".( ). " :. ". : : ( ) -

52 ٤٥. ". J.Moeschler : " " - " ( ) - ". ". : -. -.

53 ٤٦. " ". " (ideational) : ) (Interpersonal) " ".... (... (Textual) G.Yawl. G.B.Brown... " ". ) (.... " : :... -.

54 ٤٧ " :.. -. ".( ). :... -.

55 ٤٨ - " " : ".. ( )... " : -

56 ٤٩ : - :. - " ( ) -. ".... ". ) (. " " R.Jakobson.. : -. : -.

57 ٥٠ ". ".. " ".. " ". " " " " : ( ) -.. -

58 ٥١ :. "". ". " ( ) : ( ) La série Littérairé ".. "la littérairé " :. ". - : -. : -. : -.

59 ٥٢. ( ) addressee : Context massge Contact cod ( ). ( ) addresser " :. :. ) ( " : : -.. -

60 ٥٣ conative ( ) metalinguistic phatic poetic refrential emotive. : ". : -. : -.

61 ٥٤. " " " : " :. " " :. "" " " " " " " : " " " " " ".... " " Sujet/Fable... - : -. : : -.

62 ٥٥ " ". " " " ". - ( ) " ".( ) ( ). " ". " - - : -.. : -.. -

63 ٥٦ " ". " ". " ". " " ". " " "." ". "" " ". - : -.. -

64 ٥٧ " " - " :. :..." ".. " " ( ) L.Shtraws. " : " - :.. Phonemes System :. : -. -

65 ٥٨ : -. " " - -. ". " " :... " " :... ". " :. ". : -. - :

66 ٥٩.. " : :.. " : ( ) - - ( ) ) - (. "... ( ). " : -. : -.

67 ٦٠. " ". " : " " ". " " " ". ". " :.( ) " "... " : " " " : : -.

68 ٦١. :... " ( ). " " : ) " " " : " ". ( ) " " ( " " ) " " (. :. " " :.. ". :

69 ٦٢. " ( )... :. " : :... " :. " " : " ( ) ). "( :

70 ٦٣.... " / :. : :. " : " : : - :. ) (Mode) : : -.(Voix) (Visions) (Temps ) : : - ( - - " " " ". ". ". -. -

71 ٦٤.( ) ( ). ( ). ". : -.

72 ٦٥ : - : " ( ) " : :. " : ". " " :. _. ". :

73 ٦٦ _ _.. " :.. ". Discours Discourse - : : -.

74 ٦٧.. Discourse " " " " " " :. " "." " Message " " " : " " Discourse Discourse. " " : "( ) ) - (. - -.

75 ٦٨ Text Spoken discourse ". " Linguistics " " : " "... " " ". " " : -.

76 ٦٩. " ". " " " : " " " " ".. " ". " " " : "." " " " : -.. : -

77 ٧٠.. - " " - " : -. " " : discourse Science de texte analysis " " " " : éciture discours :

78 ٧١.. " " " " ". " " " " - " ". ". " " ". Ch. Bally." " " " :

79 ٧٢. " ". " :.Discourse Analysis.. Coherence Cohesion.. " Situationality. " : - " ". "

80 ٧٣ " " " " " Linguistique de discourse. ". ". ".. : " " -. : -. / - -.

81 ٧٤. - " ".. " ". ".. : -

82 ٧٥ ".. - :.. -.

83 ٧٦ : - : " "." " : " " : " " " :

84 ٧٧ :. - ( ) - (... ) - ( ) - " ( ) ( ) - - ( ) - ( ) - " : " ". " " :. "

85 ٧٨ -. " " ) ( Interaction ) ( (Transformation) Intentionality ) : (Acquisition - - : - - " " " - :.. : : -.. : -. : - " " : -.. : -. : -.

86 ٧٩. ) ( ". " :. " " :... ( ). / "(.. ) : " ". " :

87 ٨٠. " : " :. " :. " ". "

88 ٨١. " Science text :. " :. " " : ".. " " "

89 ٨٢ :. ". " ". ( ). " ( ) " (utternace). ( ) " : : : -.. -

90 ٨٣.. ". -.. " ". ( ) - " ". -

91 ٨٤ " " " " " " " " ".. " : " :.. ". :. " (Discours) : :

92 ٨٥. ". " :..." :. " / /. " :.... "

93 ٨٦ (Rastier). " :.. : -. ". : : " " " : ( ) ( ).( ) " /

94 ٨٧ " " " " - " :. ( / )... ". " :.. : ". " ). ( ). ( -.. -

95 ٨٨. " " " _. " : " " _. " :. " :. / / /. "

96 ٨٩. ". ". " - " :. -.. " - :

97 ٩٠ / - ). : ( Ploomfield Bakhtin.Intertextuality J.Kristiva " / / / :. " : " " -.

98 ٩١..

99 ٩٢ : :. - " ". " " - - / " ( ) : : "

100 ٩٣ " : ) :( : ( ) - : ( ) - : / / : - -. "( ). - : -. (... ) : - ". "

101 ٩٤. " ( )" ". " " : " : - " " ". ". " " :.

102 ٩٥.. " " " ".. ".

103 ٩٦.. " " " " " :. " (...). " : : " ". ( ) : ". : -. -

104 ٩٧ ( ) " ". " " " ". " " - : ( ) : :. -

105 ٩٨ " : - -. " ". " " " " " " " "." ".. ". -. -

106 ٩٩ " " :. " " -" : -." " " " -. ( ) "

107 ١٠٠ -. ".. " ". " -.. -

108 ١٠١ : - : " ". : - " : : - : -

109 ١٠٢. ". : : :. : " :... -.

110 ١٠٣. ".. (Motif) ( ) (Matrix) periphrase. " : ( ). -.( ) : : : -...

111 ١٠٤.. ( ).... " :

112 ١٠٥. " :. " ". :. " : =) ( =) ( =) ( =) :. ( ( ). " ( =)

113 ١٠٦.. " :.".. : " ( ) ". " " ". ( ) : ( )

114 ١٠٧. : : " ".. : -.

115 ١٠٨ ". " -... ".. "

116 ١٠٩ -. "( ).. -

117 ١١٠ :. - : " : -. " ". : : -.. -

118 ١١١. ".. " : " :.. " :. - ". -. : -. - : : -

119 ١١٢ :. " / : " :.... ".... " :.. ( / ).. " " : -. : -. -.

120 ١١٣ " :. " : " " " " : : : : " ". " } } }." " : ( ) / ٣- السابق.. -

121 ١١٤ : ( ) : ( ) ( ) ( ) - - :. : ( )

122 ١١٥ ". - : : - " : : : -. " " " : " " " " " ". " " : :

123 ١١٦ ) " " ( " " ". " " " ".. ".. ) -. ( -.. -

124 ١١٧ : :... ".( ) ). - ( " ". " " " - - " :. ". : " " " " " : " : : : : -

125 ١١٨ (perspective ) (Distance ).(Mode). (focalisation). "" " - (polymodalitè). - " :... :.. " " " :. -. -

126 ١١٩ " " " / - : : - " " : -. " " : -. : : - : : " - -.

127 ١٢٠ ". ( / ). " (polymodalité) " " " :. "

128 ١٢١ ". " " " ". " : "

129 ١٢٢ : - - : " ".. " :. " ( ) -.

130 ١٢٣ " " : " " " : " " : " ". -.

131 ١٢٤.. :.

132 ١٢٥. - : ".. : : ".. " " : " ". ".. " " : " "

133 ١٢٦. (Dicours) " ". " - :.... " " " :. (Discours). ". - : : : : -.. -

134 ١٢٧ ".. " " " " " : - ( ) " :.. "( ) " ". " :.( ). " : -.

135 ١٢٨." " -..

136 ١٢٩ :. ".. " :. ". : - " : : - -

137 ١٣٠... " : : -. " - ". " : " : " " " " ".. " " :

138 ١٣١. " " :. " -.. " :. " " :

139 ١٣٢. ". :. ": : : " ". ". - يمنى العيد في القول الشعري دار توبقال للنشر المغرب ط ١ ١٩٨٧ ص ٩٥. ٢- السابق ص ٩٧.. -

140 ١٣٣.... : -. " :.. " : - - " - " " " ". - -

141 ١٣٤... "" ". " " " :. ". "" "... ". -. -

142 ١٣٥. ".... -

143 ١٣٦ - Discours - Discourse -.. " :. " " " : ". "Science du texte " -. -.

144 ١٣٧ ". " " " :. / / :... - : -. " -. "

145 ١٣٨. " " " -:.. " " : " " - -. "... ". -. -

146 ١٣٩ " :. " " ". : " " " : _. : _.. "

147 ١٤٠ : : -. : -. : -. : -.. : : + : - + :

148 ١٤١ : -... : -... : -... " : " ". " : -.

149 ١٤٢ " : " ". ". _ _ " ". " " _ _ " " _ _. " :." " : -.

150 ١٤٣. "._ _ : !. -

151 ١٤٦ - - ( ). : ( ). : ( ). ( ). - : : ( ).. ( ). ( ). :. ( )... ( ) ( ). ( ). ( - ) ( ). :

152 ١٤٧ ( ).. ( ) ( ). ( ).. ( ) ( ). ( ).. ( ). : : ( ).. ( ) ( ). ( ) ( ). ( ).

153 ١٤٨. - : : ( ) ( ). ) ( ). ( ( ). :. - : ( ). : ( ). : ( ). - : ( ). : ( ). : ( )

154 ١٤٩. : ( ). : ( ). - : ( ) ( ). ( ).. ( ) : ( ). : ( ). : ( ). : : ( ). ( ). ( ). ( )

155 ١٥٠. : : ( ). : ( ). : ( ). ( ). : ( ). ( ). ( ). : ( ). : ( ). : : ( ). ( ). : : ( ).

156 ١٥١ - ( ). ( ). - : ( ). : ( ). ( ).. ( ). ( ) ( ). -. ( ) - / ( ). ( ).. ( ). ( ) : ( ).. - ( )

157 ١٥٢. ( ) ( ). ( ). فض ل ص لاح (١٩٧٨) نظ رية البناي ية في النقد الا دبي ط ١ مكتبة الا نجلو المصرية- مصر. فض ل ص لاح ( ) :.. فضل صلاح ( ) فض ل ص لاح ( ). - فض ل ص لاح ( ) :.. فضل صلاح ( ) : ( ). - : : ( ). - : : ( ). : ( ).( ) ) ( ). (

158 ١٥٣ - : ( ). ( ). : ( ). : ( ).. ( ) ( ).. ( ). ( ) ( ). ( ).. ( ) ( ). ( ).... : ( )

159 ١٥٤. : ( ). ( ). ( ). ( ). : - :. ( ) : ( ).( ) : ( ).( ) - " " ( ).( ) ) ( ).( ( ). ( ) - ( ).( ) : ( )

160 ١٥٥. : - Ducort, Todorov(1979), Encyclopedic Dictionary of Sciences of Language, London. M.Stubbs(1984), Discourse Analysis, Oxford. William Bright(1992), International Encyclopedia of Linguistics, V1, Oxford, University Press-New York, Oxford.

161 ١٤٤ :... :

162 ١٤٥

163 Discourse Analysis in Modern Arabic Criticism (Comparative Study in Theory and Methodology) By Maha Mahmoud Ibrahim AL Etoum Supervisor Dr. Samir Qatami Abstract The aim of this study is to discuss all aspects related to the discourse concept, starting with Arabic and western origins, passing through the stages of the concept in development of modern Arab and western criticism, in terms of poetry and prose and ending up in the final form of this concept as is known today. This study falls under the scope of the studies of criticizing criticism because it deals with the discourse concept as presented in the old and modern Arabic and western criticism books, balancing between the disarray of the concept and its disarticulation in the ancient Arab criticism books and its stability and permanence of its props in western criticism. This is due to the fact the west has in its heritage relied on the philosophical origins of the concept. On their part Arabs have transcribed and translated the concept without linking the past with the presence, building thereafter on this solid foundation, which old Arab critics had fixed firmly. This study tried to connect presentation with analysis. Thus, chapter three included a study of specific Arabic models that had dealt with the discourse concept at the theorization and application domains. In this presentation the study tried to present the Arabic scene in its oriental and Maghreb sides to eventually shed light on and clear the concept and free it from blemishes and mixture. Therefore, the study shall in the end be a good ground through which we can identify the concept origins and be able to use it properly in Arabic critical studies.

Abo Al-Qasim Ash-Shabi s Poetry from the Reception Theory Perspective

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