Write the chemical formulas for these polyatomic ions:
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1 Write the chemical formulas for these polyatomic ions: 1. sulfate 2. phosphate 3. carbonate 4. hydroxide 5. nitrate 6. ammonium 7. acetate 1of 29
2 Answers: 1. SO PO CO OH 5. NO 3 6. NH C 2 H 3 O 2 2of 29
3 Naming and writing ionic compounds: must balance the charges must use Roman Numerals when naming cations that may form ions than one charge (include Sn & Pb) do not use Roman Numerals for: Ag, Cd, Zn, Al, Ga and Group 1 2 elements 3of 29
4 Ionic compounds with polyatomic ions Write ion & polyatomic ions with their charges Balance the charges of the ions Put parentheses around the polyatomic ion if you need more than one to balance the charge 4of 29
5 Naming Molecular Compounds: Use prefixes to signify # of atoms The first non metallic element does not change its name. The second non metallic element end in ide. Mono is not used to name the first element if there is only one The first non metallic element does not change its name. The second non metallic element end in ide. 5of 29
6 Summary: First ask, Is it ionic, covalent or an acid? 1. Ionic compound: MUST balance charges Use a Roman numeral to show the charge of an ion with more than one charge 2. Molecular compounds Use prefixes/don t balance All binary compounds end in ide 3. Acids Begin with a hydrogen ion Use hydro if it is a binary acid Use suffixes ic and ous to signify the type of polyatomic ion in the acid 6of 29
7 7of 29
8 10. Apply three rules for naming acids. 11. Write chemical formulas for acids when given the name of the acid. 12. Apply rules for naming bases and writing their chemical formulas. 8of 29
9 9.4 Naming and Writing Formulas for Acids and Bases Some ants can give painful stings when threatened or disturbed. Certain ant species called formicines have poison glands that produce venom containing formic acid. You will learn the names and formulas of some important acids such as formic acid. 9of 29 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
10 Naming acids Acids behave like ionic compounds that donate H+ ions when dissolved in water. Formulas begin with H Acids are neutral The number of H+ ions must equal the negative ionic charge of the element or polyatomic ion 10 of 29
11 H + one element (binary): use the prefix, hydro and the suffix, ic HCl is hydrochloric acid H + a polyatomic ion ending in ate : no prefix, use suffix ic H 2 SO 4 is sulfuric acid H + a polyatomic ion ending in ite : no prefix, use suffix ous H 2 SO 3 is sulfurous acid 11 of 29
12 9.4 Naming and Writing Formulas for Acids > Naming Acids and Bases A Summary of the Three Rules for Naming Acids. 12 of 29 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
13 Must memorize hydrochloric acid (HCl) sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ) nitric acid (HNO 3 ) phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ) carbonic acid (H 2 CO 3 ) acetic acid (HC 2 H 3 O 2 ) 13 of 29
14 9.4 Naming and Writing Formulas for Acids > Writing Formulas for Acids and Bases 14 of 29 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
15 Naming bases Ionic compounds that produce hydroxide ions when dissolved in water. Named like ionic compounds example: sodium hydroxide NaOH 15 of 29
16 9.4 Naming and Writing Formulas for Acids > Names and Formulas for Bases and Bases Cleaners and soap contain sodium hydroxide. 16 of 29 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
17 Naming ternary ionic compounds You must recognize the polyatomic ion Learn your flashcards K 2 CO 3 potassium carbonate 17 of 29
18 Review What is the correct formula for calcium carbonate? A. CaCO 3 B. Ca(CO 3 ) C. Ca 2 (CO 3 ) D. Ca(SO 3 ) 2 18 of 29 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
19 Sulfur trioxide: A. SO 6 B. SO 3 C. S 3 O 19 of 29 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
20 What is the name of Al(OH) 3 A. aluminum oxyhydride B. aluminum hydrogen oxide C. aluminum hydroxide 20 of 29 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
21 What is the name of Sn 3 (PO 4 ) 2 A. selenium potassium B. tin phosphate C. tin phosphide D. tin(ii) phosphate 21 of 29 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
22 What is the name of Na 2 CrO 4 A. sodium dichromate B. disodium chromate C. sodium chromate D. sodium (II) chromate 22 of 29 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
23 What is the name of (NH 4 ) 2 CO 3? A. nitrogen hydrocarbonate B. nitrogen hydrogen carbonate C. ammonium carbonate D. diammonium carbon trioxide E. nitrogen octahydride carbon trioxide 23 of 29 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
24 What is the name of HCl? A. hydrogen chloride B. hydrochloric acid C. chloric acid 24 of 29 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
25 What is the name of H 2 SO 4? A. hydrogen sulfate B. hydrosulfuric acid C. sulfuric acid 25 of 29 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
26 What is the correct formula for phosphoric acid? A. HPO 4 B. H 2 PO 4 C. H 3 PO 4 26 of 29 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
27 What is the formula for hydrosulfuric acid? A. HSO 4 B. H 2 SO 4 C. H 2 S D. HS 27 of 29 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
28 Summary: First ask, Is it ionic, covalent or an acid? 1. Ionic compound: MUST balance charges Use a Roman numeral to show the charge of an ion with more than one charge 2. Molecular compounds Use prefixes All binary compounds end in ide 3. Acids Begin with a hydrogen ion Use hydro if it is a binary acid Use suffixes ic and ous to signify the type of polyatomic ion in the acid 28 of 29
29 Read 9.5 WS Q s 9.4 GRSW due tomorrow! (Tomorrow s HW: WS Q s 9.5) 29 of 29
Write the chemical formulas for these polyatomic ions: 1. sulfate 2. phosphate 3. carbonate 4. hydroxide 5. nitrate 6. ammonium Slide 1of 51
Write the chemical formulas for these polyatomic ions: 1. sulfate 2. phosphate 3. carbonate 4. hydroxide 5. nitrate 6. ammonium 1of 51 Answers: 1. SO 4 2 2. PO 4 3 3. CO 3 2 4. OH 5. NO 3 6. NH 4 + 2of
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