AP Biology Day 47. Wednesday, January 11, 2017
|
|
- Richard Floyd
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 AP Biology Day 47 Wednesday, January 11, 2017
2 Do-Now 1. Turn in break HW to box à must be complete (every ques8on a9empted). 2. Turn in Unit Logs to box 3. Labs turned in by neatly stacking them on the back table 4. Have out your unit logs, planners, and Ch. 13 Notes Outline
3 CW/HW Assignments 1. Ch. 13 Lecture Notes 2. Ch. 13 Video Cornell Notes (2) 3. Ch. 14 Guided Reading PLANNER Complete Ch. 13 VCN (2) tonight Complete Ch. 14 GR by Friday Ch. 13 Quiz
4 EssenFal knowledge standards 3.A.2: In eukaryotes, heritable informa8on is passed to the next genera8on via processes that include the cell cycle and mitosis or meiosis plus fer8liza8on. 3.C.2: Biological systems have mul8ple processes that increase gene8c varia8on.
5 I will be able to: FLT describe the events that characterize each phase of meiosis disfnguish between the following terms: somafc cell and gamete; autosome and sex chromosomes; haploid and diploid Name and explain the three events that contribute to genefc variafon in sexually reproducing organisms By comple1ng Ch. 13 Lecture Notes
6 Ch. 13: Meiosis & Sexual Life Cycles
7 Recap 7
8 8
9 DNA vs. Chromosomes 9
10 Mitosis 10
11 FerFlizaFon 11
12 SomaFc Cells vs. Gametes 12
13 Homologous Chromosomes 13
14 Autosomes vs. Sex Chromosomes 14
15 III. Sexual Life Cycles 15
16 Meiosis Overview 16
17 Meiosis Occurs in the gonads (ovaries and testes) Reduces the chromosome number by half (2n à n) Produces haploid gametes Fer8liza8on (n+n) restores the normal chromosome number. 17
18 18
19 19
20 Human Life Cycle Key Haploid gametes (n = 23) Haploid (n) Egg (n) Diploid (2n) Sperm (n) MEIOSIS FERTILIZATION Ovary Tes8s Diploid zygote (2n = 46) Mitosis and development Mul8cellular diploid adults (2n = 46)
21 Pair-Share-Respond 1. Dis8nguish between the terms haploid + diploid. 2. What kind of cells would be haploid and what kind diploid? 3. Explain how meiosis and fer8liza8on work together to maintain a constant number of chromosomes 4. Dis8nguish between spermatogenesis and oogenesis.
22 IV. Meiosis Like mitosis, meiosis is preceded by the replicafon of chromosomes. Meiosis takes place in two sets of cell divisions, called meiosis I and meiosis II. Reduc8on Division 2n --> n. Meiosis has two cell divisions and results in four daughter cells. Each daughter cell has only half as many chromosomes as the parent cell. 22
23 23
24 IV. Meiosis 1 st Division = meiosis I Homologous chromosomes separate Two daughter cells are produced ReducFon division 2 nd Division = meiosis II Results in four haploid daughter cells EquaFonal Division 24
25 Fig Meio8c Cell Division: Interphase Homologous pair of chromosomes in diploid parent cell Reduc8on Division Chromosomes replicate Homologous pair of replicated chromosomes 2n-->n Meiosis I Sister chroma8ds Diploid cell with replicated chromosomes Meiosis II 1 Homologous chromosomes separate Haploid cells with replicated chromosomes 2 Sister chroma8ds separate Haploid cells with unreplicated chromosomes
26 IV. Meiosis Interphase = chromosomes are replicated to form sister chromafds = occurs before meiosis I The sister chromafds are genefcally idenfcal and joined at the centromere. The single centrosome replicates, forming two centrosomes. 26
27 IV. Meiosis A. Stages of Meiosis I Division in meiosis I occurs in four phases: Prophase I: synapsis / crossing -over Metaphase I: random alignment at equator Anaphase I: independent assortment homologous chromosomes separate Telophase I and cytokinesis 27
28 Fig. 13-8a Meiosis I: Variety Increases Prophase I Metaphase I Anaphase I Telophase I and Cytokinesis Sister chromatids Centrosome (with centriole pair) Chiasmata Spindle Centromere (with kinetochore) Metaphase plate Sister chromatids remain attached Homologous chromosomes Fragments of nuclear envelope Microtubule attached to kinetochore Homologous chromosomes separate Cleavage furrow
29 Prophase I: Synapsis + Crossing Over Synapsis = homologous chromosomes loosely align gene by gene. Tetrad = paired up homologs 29
30 IV. Meiosis Prophase I: Synapsis + Crossing Over Crossing over = nonsister chroma8ds exchange DNA segments, which can create gene0c varia0on. Each tetrad usually has one or more chiasmata, X- shaped regions where crossing over occurred. 30
31 31
32 32
33 IV. Meiosis Metaphase I: Random Alignment at Middle In metaphase I, tetrads line up randomly at the metaphase plate (middle), with one chromosome facing each pole. Microtubules from one pole are adached to the kinetochore of one chromosome of each tetrad. Microtubules from the other pole are adached to the kinetochore of the other chromosome. 33
34 34
35 IV. Meiosis Anaphase I: Separa8on of Homologous Pairs In anaphase I, pairs of homologous chromosomes separate. One chromosome moves toward each pole, guided by the spindle apparatus: depolymerizafon of the spindle fibers/ microtubules. Sister chromafds remain adached at the centromere and move as one unit toward the pole. 35
36 36
37 IV. Meiosis Telophase I and Cytokinesis: In the beginning of telophase I, each half of the cell has a haploid set of chromosomes; each chromosome sfll consists of two sister chromafds Cytokinesis usually occurs simultaneously, forming two haploid daughter cells. 37
38 38
39 IV. Meiosis Animal cells à cleavage furrow (acfn) forms Plant cells à cell plate (Golgi vesicles - membrane) forms. 39
40 Meiosis I 40
41 IV. Meiosis No chromosome replicafon occurs between the end of meiosis I and the beginning of meiosis II because the chromosomes are already replicated. 41
42 IV. Meiosis B. Stages of Meiosis II very similar to mitosis 1. Prophase II nuclear envelope breaks down 2. Metaphase II chromosomes line up at plate 3. Anaphase II sister chromafds separate 4. Telophase II/Cytokinesis new nuclei form and cytokinesis occurs 42
43 Fig. 13-8d Meiosis II: Sister Chroma8ds Separate --> 4 Haploid Cells Prophase II Metaphase II Anaphase II Telophase II and Cytokinesis Sister chroma8ds separate Haploid daughter cells forming
44 44
45 IV. Meiosis Cytokinesis separates the cytoplasm. End of meiosis à 4 gene8cally unique haploid (n) daughter cells Meiosis: VARIETY increases with reduc8on division 2n-->n. 45
46 V. Comparing Mitosis and Meiosis A. Mitosis Asexual reproduc8on Produces 2 gene8cally iden8cal daughter cells Chromosome # stays the same (2n à 2n) Can occur in all organisms 46
47 V. Comparing Mitosis and Meiosis B. Meiosis Increases gene8c diversity through sexual reproduc8on Produces 4 gene8cally unique haploid daughter cells Reduces the chromosome number by half Creates gametes 47
48 V. Comparing Mitosis and Meiosis C. SimilariFes The mechanism for separafng sister chromafds is virtually idenfcal in meiosis II and mitosis. 48
49 49
50 50
51 VI. Events Unique to Meiosis A. At Prophase I - synapsis + crossing over B. At Metaphase I random assortment of homologs at metaphase plate C. At Anaphase I separafon of homologs 51
52 Pair-Share-Respond 1. What are the results of meiosis (overall)? 2. Describe, specifically, what occurs in prophase I of meiosis. 3. When do homologous chromosomes separate? 4. When do sister chroma8ds separate? 5. Iden8fy three differences between meiosis and mitosis
53 VII. Origins of GeneFc VariaFon Among Offspring Muta8ons (changes in an organism s DNA) are the original source of genefc diversity. MutaFons create different versions of genes called alleles. Sexual Reproduc8on/Recombina8ons - reshuffling of alleles during sexual reproducfon produces genefc variafon 53
54 VII. Origins of GeneFc VariaFon Among Offspring Three mechanisms in Sexual Reproduc0on contribute to genefc variafon: Independent assortment of chromosomes at equator of Metaphase I. Crossing over - Prophase I: synapsis / tetrad Random fer8liza8on The number of combina8ons possible when chromosomes assort independently into gametes is 2 n, where n is the haploid number. For humans (n = 23), there are more than 8 million (2 23 ) possible combinafons of chromosomes. 54
55 Fig Possibility 1 Possibility 2 Two equally probable arrangements of chromosomes at metaphase I Metaphase II Daughter cells Combina8on 1 Combina8on 2 Combina8on 3 Combina8on 4
56 VII. Origins of GeneFc VariaFon Among Offspring Crossing over produces recombinant chromosomes, which combine genes inherited from each parent. Crossing over begins very early in prophase I, as homologous chromosomes pair up gene by gene. In crossing over, homologous porfons of two nonsister chromafds trade places. Crossing over contributes to genefc variafon by combining DNA from two parents into a single chromosome. 56
57 Fig Prophase I of meiosis Pair of homologs Chiasma Nonsister chroma8ds held together during synapsis TEM Anaphase I Centromere Anaphase II Daughter cells Recombinant chromosomes
58 VII. Origins of GeneFc VariaFon Among Offspring Random ferflizafon adds to genefc variafon because any sperm can fuse with any ovum (unferflized egg). The fusion of two gametes (each with 8.4 million possible chromosome combinafons from independent assortment) produces a zygote with any of about 70 trillion diploid combinafons. 58
59 VIII. EvoluFonary Significance of GeneFc VariaFon Within PopulaFons Natural selecfon results in the accumulafon of genefc variafons favored by the environment. Sexual reproducfon contributes to the genefc variafon in a populafon, which originates from mutafons. 59
60 HW Finish Ch. 13 Notes Ch. 14 Guided Reading Ch. 13 Video Cornell Notes (2) Ch. 13 Quiz next class! 60
Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles
LECTURE PRESENTATIONS For CAMPBELL BIOLOGY, NINTH EDITION Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson Chapter 13 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles
More informationMeiosis and Sexual Life Cycles
Chapter 13 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from
More informationMeiosis and Sexual Life Cycles
Chapter 13 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from
More informationMeiosis and Sexual Life Cycles
Chapter 13 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from
More informationMeiosis and Sexual Life Cycles
13 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles Lecture Presentation by Nicole Tunbridge and Kathleen Fitzpatrick CAMPBELL BIOLOGY TENTH EDITION Reece Urry Cain Wasserman Minorsky Jackson Variations on a Theme Living
More informationChapter 13: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles Overview: Hereditary Similarity and Variation
Chapter 13: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles Overview: Hereditary Similarity and Variation Living organisms Are distinguished by their ability to reproduce their own kind Biology, 7 th Edition Neil Campbell
More informationMeiosis and Sexual Life Cycles
CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS URRY CAIN WASSERMAN MINORSKY REECE 10 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles Lecture Presentations by Kathleen Fitzpatrick and Nicole Tunbridge, Simon Fraser University SECOND EDITION
More informationBIOLOGY. Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles CAMPBELL. Reece Urry Cain Wasserman Minorsky Jackson
CAMPBELL BIOLOGY TENTH EDITION Reece Urry Cain Wasserman Minorsky Jackson 13 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles Lecture Presentation by Nicole Tunbridge and Kathleen Fitzpatrick Variations on a Theme Living
More informationMeiosis. The form of cell division by which gametes, with half the regular number of chromosomes, are produced.
MEIOSIS Meiosis The form of cell division by which gametes, with half the regular number of chromosomes, are produced. diploid (2n) haploid (n) (complete set of chromosomes) (half the regular number of
More informationFor a species to survive, it must REPRODUCE! Ch 13 NOTES Meiosis. Genetics Terminology: Homologous chromosomes
For a species to survive, it must REPRODUCE! Ch 13 NOTES Meiosis Genetics Terminology: Autosomes Somatic cell Gamete Karyotype Homologous chromosomes Meiosis Sex chromosomes Diploid Haploid Zygote Synapsis
More informationLearning Objectives LO 3.7 The student can make predictions about natural phenomena occurring during the cell cycle. [See SP 6.4]
Big Ideas 3.A.2: In eukaryotes, heritable information is passed to the next generation via processes that include the cell cycle and mitosis or meiosis plus fertilization. CHAPTER 13 MEIOSIS AND SEXUAL
More informationOverview. Overview: Variations on a Theme. Offspring acquire genes from parents by inheriting chromosomes. Inheritance of Genes
Chapter 13 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles Overview I. Cell Types II. Meiosis I. Meiosis I II. Meiosis II III. Genetic Variation IV. Reproduction Overview: Variations on a Theme Figure 13.1 Living organisms
More informationYou have body cells and gametes Body cells are known as somatic cells. Germ cells develop into gametes or sex cells. Germ cells are located in the
MEIOSIS You have body cells and gametes Body cells are known as somatic cells. Germ cells develop into gametes or sex cells. Germ cells are located in the ovaries and testes. Gametes are sex cells: egg
More informationHeredity Variation Genetics Meiosis
Genetics Warm Up Exercise: -Using your previous knowledge of genetics, determine what maternal genotype would most likely yield offspring with such characteristics. -Use the genotype that you came up with
More informationEssential Knowledge: In eukaryotes, heritable information is passed to the next generation via processes that include the cell cycle and mitosis OR
Essential Knowledge: In eukaryotes, heritable information is passed to the next generation via processes that include the cell cycle and mitosis OR meiosis plus fertilization Objective: You will be able
More informationHeredity Variation Genetics Meiosis
Genetics Warm Up Exercise: -Using your previous knowledge of genetics, determine what maternal genotype would most likely yield offspring with such characteristics. -Use the genotype that you came up with
More informationLecture 12 - Meiosis
Lecture 12 - Meiosis In this lecture Types of reproduction Alternation of generations Homologous chromosomes and alleles Meiosis mechanism Sources of genetic variation Meiosis and Mitosis Mitosis the production
More informationMeiosis. Introduction. A life cycle is the generation-to-generation sequence of stages in the reproductive history of an organism.
Meiosis The pomegranate (Punica granatum) is believed to have originated near Iran and southern Afghanistan. The flowers are bright red with five petals. After the flower is fertilized with pollen the
More informationCell Division (Meiosis)
Cell Division (Meiosis) Meiosis The form of cell division by which gametes, with half the number of chromosomes, are produced. Diploid (2n) haploid (n) Meiosis is sexual reproduction. Two divisions (meiosis
More informationMeiosis and Sexual Life Cycles
Chapter 13 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles Lecture Outline Overview Living organisms are distinguished by their ability to reproduce their own kind. Offspring resemble their parents more than they do less
More informationAgenda. 1. Lesson Learning Goals 2. Meiosis 3. Meiosis Bingo
Meiosis SBI 3U Agenda 1. Lesson Learning Goals 2. Meiosis 3. Meiosis Bingo Learning Goals By the end of today s lesson, you will be able: To use proper vocabulary related to this unit, including meiosis,
More information11-4 Meiosis. Chromosome Number
11-4 Meiosis Chromosome Number Sexual reproduction shuffles and recombines genes from two parents. During gametogenesis, genes are segregated and assorted (shuffled) into gemetes, and at fertilization,
More informationAlmost all human cells contain 46 chromosomes, and are diploid (2n). Q: If a sperm cell has 46 chromosomes (2n) & an egg cell has 46 chromosomes
Almost all human cells contain 46 chromosomes, and are diploid (2n). Q: If a sperm cell has 46 chromosomes (2n) & an egg cell has 46 chromosomes (2n), when they combine during fertilization, how many chromosomes
More informationMeiosis. Bởi: OpenStaxCollege
Meiosis Bởi: OpenStaxCollege Sexual reproduction requires fertilization, a union of two cells from two individual organisms. If those two cells each contain one set of chromosomes, then the resulting cell
More informationMeiosis and Sexual Reproduction. Chapter 10. Halving the Chromosome Number. Homologous Pairs
Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction Chapter 10 Outline Reduction in Chromosome Number Homologous Pairs Meiosis Overview Genetic Recombination Crossing-Over Independent Assortment Fertilization Meiosis I Meiosis
More informationMeiosis. Section 8-3
Meiosis Section 8-3 Meiosis process of nuclear division that reduces the number of chromosomes in new cells to half the number in the original cell For example, in humans, meiosis produces haploid reproductive
More informationLadies and Gentlemen.. The King of Rock and Roll
Ladies and Gentlemen.. The King of Rock and Roll Learning Objectives: The student is able to construct an explanation, using visual representations or narratives, as to how DNA in chromosomes is transmitted
More informationCh. 13 Meiosis & Sexual Life Cycles
Introduction Ch. 13 Meiosis & Sexual Life Cycles 2004-05 Living organisms are distinguished by their ability to reproduce their own kind. -Offspring resemble their parents more than they do less closely
More informationTopic 8 Mitosis & Meiosis Ch.12 & 13. The Eukaryotic Genome. The Eukaryotic Genome. The Eukaryotic Genome
Topic 8 Mitosis & Meiosis Ch.12 & 13 The Eukaryotic Genome pp. 244-245,268-269 Genome All of the genes in a cell. Eukaryotic cells contain their DNA in long linear pieces. In prokaryotic cells, there is
More informationBiology Unit 6 Chromosomes and Mitosis
Biology Unit 6 Chromosomes and Mitosis 6:1 Chromosomes DNA GENES CHROMATIN/CHROMOSOMES CHROMOSOMES/CHROMATIN are made of units called GENES. GENES are made of a compound called deoxyribonucleic acid or
More informationMeiosis. Varia%on - The art of crossing over
Meiosis Varia%on - The art of crossing over Vocabulary You Need to Know! Chroma%d Chroma%n Sister Chroma%ds Chromosomes Homologous Chromosomes Tetrad Centromere Daughter Cell Parent Cell Haploid Diploid
More informationMGC New Life Christian Academy
A. Meiosis Main Idea: Meiosis produces haploid gametes. Key Concept: Asexual reproduction involves one parent and produces offspring that are genetically identical to each other and to the parent. Sexual
More informationMEIOSIS LAB INTRODUCTION PART I: MEIOSIS
MEIOSIS LAB INTRODUCTION Meiosis involves two successive nuclear divisions that produce four haploid cells. Meiosis I is the reduction division. It is this first division that reduces the chromosome number
More informationCellular Reproduction = Cell Division. Passes on Genes from Cells to Cells Reproduction of Organisms
Cellular Reproduction = Cell Division Passes on Genes from Cells to Cells Reproduction of Organisms Genes DNA Chromatin fiber Chromosomes Fig. 9.6 Genes, the segments of DNA, are part of chromatin fiber
More informationBIOLOGY. COLLEGE PHYSICS Chapter 11 MEIOSIS AND SEXUAL REPRODUCTION Chapter # Chapter Title PowerPoint Image Slideshow
BIOLOGY COLLEGE PHYSICS Chapter 11 MEIOSIS AND SEXUAL REPRODUCTION Chapter # Chapter Title PowerPoint Image Slideshow CAMPBELL BIOLOGY TENTH EDITION Reece Urry Cain Wasserman Minorsky Jackson 13 Meiosis
More informationReproduction & Cell Types
Reproduction & Cell Types TYPES OF REPRODUCTION Asexual Relies on MITOSIS All of the parent s DNA goes to the offspring Sexual Relies on MEIOSIS Used to create sex cells TYPES OF CELLS Body Cells Includes
More informationSexual Cell Reproduction Chapter 17
Sexual Cell Reproduction Chapter 17 1 The Importance of Meiosis Meiosis is a two stage cell division in which the chromosome number of the parental cell is reduced by half. Meiosis is the process by which
More informationgametes Gametes somatic cells diploid (2n) haploid (n)
Overview of Meiosis Meiosis is a form of cell division that leads to the production of gametes. Gametes: egg cells and sperm cells (reproductive) -contain half the number of chromosomes of an adult body
More informationTypical Life Cycle of Algae and Fungi. 5 Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Module 3B Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles In this module, we will examine a second type of cell division used by eukaryotic cells called meiosis. In addition, we will see how the 2 types of eukaryotic cell
More informationFertilization of sperm and egg produces offspring
In sexual reproduction Fertilization of sperm and egg produces offspring In asexual reproduction Offspring are produced by a single parent, without the participation of sperm and egg CONNECTIONS BETWEEN
More informationSEXUAL REPRODUCTION MEIOSIS SPERMATOGENESIS & OOGENESIS 2/6/2011. Asexual Reproduction:
Asexual Reproduction: SEXUAL REPRODUCTON & MEOSS Many single-celled organisms reproduce by splitting, budding, parthenogenesis. Some multicellular organisms can reproduce asexually, produce clones (offspring
More informationOutline for today s lecture (Ch. 13)
Outline for today s lecture (Ch. 13) Sexual and asexual life cycles Meiosis Origins of Genetic Variation Independent assortment Crossing over ( recombination ) Heredity Transmission of traits between generations
More informationCELL REPRODUCTION VOCABULARY- CHAPTER 8 (33 words)
CELL REPRODUCTION- CHAPTER 8 CELL REPRODUCTION VOCABULARY- CHAPTER 8 (33 words) 1. Chromosome 2. histone 3. chromatid 4. Centromere 5. chromatin 6. autosome 7. Sex chromosome 8. homologous chromosome 9.
More informationSexual Reproduction and Meiosis. Chapter 11
Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis Chapter 11 1 Sexual life cycle Made up of meiosis and fertilization Diploid cells Somatic cells of adults have 2 sets of chromosomes Haploid cells Gametes (egg and sperm)
More information2:1 Chromosomes DNA Genes Chromatin Chromosomes CHROMATIN: nuclear material in non-dividing cell, composed of DNA/protein in thin uncoiled strands
Human Heredity Chapter 2 Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis 2:1 Chromosomes DNA Genes Chromatin Chromosomes CHROMATIN: nuclear material in non-dividing cell, composed of DNA/protein in thin uncoiled strands
More informationCELL DIVISION: MEIOSIS
CELL DIVISION: MEIOSIS How do Organisms Reproduce? Option 1: Asexual Reproduction Can be done by a single organism without the involvement of gametes (sperm or egg) Offspring are clones of the parent,
More informationCELL GROWTH AND DIVISION. Chapter 10
CELL GROWTH AND DIVISION Chapter 10 Cell division = The formation of 2 daughter cells from a single parent cell Increases ratio of surface area to volume for each cell Allows for more efficient exchange
More informationSexual Reproduction. The two parent cells needed for sexual reproduction are called gametes. They are formed during a process known as meiosis.
Sexual Reproduction Recall that asexual reproduction involves only one parent cell. This parent cell divides to produce two daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent. Sexual reproduction,
More informationSEXUAL REPRODUCTION & MEIOSIS
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION & MEIOSIS Living organisms are distinguished by their ability to reproduce their own kind. Offspring resemble their parents more than they do less closely related individuals of the
More informationCellular Division. copyright cmassengale
Cellular Division 1 Cell Division All cells are derived from pre- existing cells New cells are produced for growth and to replace damaged or old cells Differs in prokaryotes (bacteria) and eukaryotes (protists,
More informationMeiosis and Life Cycles - 1
Meiosis and Life Cycles - 1 We have just finished looking at the process of mitosis, a process that produces cells genetically identical to the original cell. Mitosis ensures that each cell of an organism
More informationChapter 13: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles
Name: AP Biology Chapter 13: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles 13.1 Offspring acquire genes from parents by inheriting chromosomes 1. Define the following terms: gene locus gamete male gamete female gamete
More informationCell Reproduction Review
Name Date Period Cell Reproduction Review Explain what is occurring in each part of the cell cycle --- G 0, G1, S, G2, and M. 1 CELL DIVISION Label all parts of each cell in the cell cycle and explain
More informationChapter 13: Meiosis & Sexual Life Cycles
Chapter 13: Meiosis & Sexual Life Cycles What you must know The difference between asexual and sexual reproduction. The role of meiosis and fertilization in sexually reproducing organisms. The importance
More informationBiology, 7e (Campbell) Chapter 13: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles
Biology, 7e (Campbell) Chapter 13: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles Chapter Questions 1) What is a genome? A) the complete complement of an organism's genes B) a specific sequence of polypeptides within
More informationMeiosis. Two distinct divisions, called meiosis I and meiosis II
Meiosis A process in which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through the separation of homologous chromosomes to form gametes, or sex cells Two distinct divisions, called meiosis I and
More informationGENERAL SAFETY: Follow your teacher s directions. Do not work in the laboratory without your teacher s supervision.
Name: Bio AP Lab: Cell Division B: Mitosis & Meiosis (Modified from AP Biology Investigative Labs) BACKGROUND: One of the characteristics of living things is the ability to replicate and pass on genetic
More informationMEIOSIS. KEY CONCEPT Gametes have half the number of chromosomes that body cells have.
MEIOSIS MEIOSIS KEY CONCEPT Gametes have half the number of chromosomes that body cells have. MEIOSIS : CELL TYPES You have Body cells and Gametes Body cells are also called somatic cells. Germ cells develop
More informationMeiosis * OpenStax. This work is produced by OpenStax-CNX and licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 3.0.
OpenStax-CNX module: m45466 1 Meiosis * OpenStax This work is produced by OpenStax-CNX and licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 3.0 By the end of this section, you will be able to: Abstract
More informationKEY CONCEPT Cells have distinct phases of growth, reproduction, and normal functions.
5.1 10.1 The Cell Cell Growth Cycle KEY CONCEPT Cells have distinct phases of growth, reproduction, and normal functions. 5.1 10.1 The Cell Cell Growth Cycle Why must cells divide? Growth and Repair -
More informationCH 13 Meiosis & Sexual Life Cycles
CH 13 Meiosis & Sexual Life Cycles AP Biology 2005-2006 Cell division / Asexual reproduction Mitosis produce cells with same information identical daughter cells exact copies clones same amount of DNA
More informationSexual Reproduction and Meiosis. Outline. Random?? fertilization. Chapter 13
Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis Chapter 13 Outline Reduction Division Unique Features of Meiosis Prophase I Metaphase I Completing Meiosis Second Meiotic Division Sexual Reproduction Origin and Maintenance
More informationMeiosis Production of Chromosome Hybrids & Gametes. Packet #29
Meiosis Production of Chromosome Hybrids & Gametes Packet #29 Introduction Meiosis, discovered in 1883, was first observed through the fertilized egg and individual gametes, sperm and unfertilized egg,
More informationHuman biology Laboratory. Cell division. Lecturer Maysam A Mezher
Human biology Laboratory Cell division Lecturer Maysam A Mezher CHROMOSOME STRUCTURE 1. During nuclear division, the DNA (as chromatin) in a Eukaryotic cell's nucleus is coiled into very tight compact
More informationLAB 8 EUKARYOTIC CELL DIVISION: MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS
LAB 8 EUKARYOTIC CELL DIVISION: MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS Name: Date: INTRODUCTION BINARY FISSION: Prokaryotic cells (bacteria) reproduce asexually by binary fission. Bacterial cells have a single circular chromosome,
More informationMeiosis & Sexual Reproduction
Meiosis & Sexual Reproduction 2007-2008 Cell division / Asexual reproduction Mitosis produce cells with same information identical daughter cells exact copies clones same amount of DNA same number of chromosomes
More informationBiology. Chapter 10 Cell Reproduction. I. Chromosomes
Biology Chapter 10 Cell Reproduction I. Chromosomes Long thin molecules that store genetic information. A. Chromosome Structure 1. Rod shaped structure composed of DNA and protein. 2. DNA is wrapped around
More informationHuman Biology Chapter 13.4: Meiosis and Genetic Variation
OpenStax-CNX module: m58013 1 Human Biology Chapter 13.4: Meiosis and Genetic Variation Willy Cushwa Based on Meiosis by OpenStax This work is produced by OpenStax-CNX and licensed under the Creative Commons
More informationCELL REPRODUCTION NOTES
CELL REPRODUCTION NOTES CELL GROWTH AND DIVISION The adult human body produces roughly cells every day. WHY DO CELLS REPRODUCE? So that the organism can and As multicellular organisms grow larger, its
More informationReading Assignments. A. Systems of Cell Division. Lecture Series 5 Cell Cycle & Cell Division
Lecture Series 5 Cell Cycle & Cell Division Reading Assignments Read Chapter 18 Cell Cycle & Cell Death Read Chapter 19 Cell Division Read Chapter 20 pages 659-672 672 only (Benefits of Sex & Meiosis sections)
More informationLecture Series 5 Cell Cycle & Cell Division
Lecture Series 5 Cell Cycle & Cell Division Reading Assignments Read Chapter 18 Cell Cycle & Cell Death Read Chapter 19 Cell Division Read Chapter 20 pages 659-672 672 only (Benefits of Sex & Meiosis sections)
More informationUnit 6 Test: The Cell Cycle
Name Date Class Mrs. Knight Biology EHS Unit 6 Test: The Cell Cycle 1. What are the four main stages of the cell cycle (correct order)? A. G 1, S, G 0, M C. G 2, S, G 1, M B. G 1, S, G 2, M D. M, G 2,
More informationMeiosis produces haploid gametes.
Section 1: produces haploid gametes. K What I Know W What I Want to Find Out L What I Learned Essential Questions How does the reduction in chromosome number occur during meiosis? What are the stages of
More informationSexual Reproduction ( Cell Division ) - Chromosome # s
Sexual Reproduction ( Cell Division ) - Chromosome # s somatic cells: all the cells in the body except for specialized sex cells each somatic cell has a specific # of chromosomes - ( humans have 46, 23
More informationMEIOSIS C H A P T E R 1 3
MEIOSIS CHAPTER 13 CENTRAL DOGMA OF BIOLOGY DNA RNA Protein OFFSPRING ACQUIRE GENES FROM PARENTS Genes are segments of DNA that program specific traits. Genetic info is transmitted as specific sequences
More informationCell division / Asexual reproduction
Cell division / Asexual reproduction Mitosis produces cells with same information identical daughter cells exact copies clones same amount of DNA same number of chromosomes same genetic information Asexual
More information11-4 Meiosis Meiosis. Slide 1 of 35. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
11-4 Meiosis 1 of 35 Each organism must inherit a single copy of every gene from each of its parents. Gametes are formed by a process that separates the two sets of genes so that each gamete ends up with
More informationBell Ringer 02/02/15. Match the stages of mitosis to their descriptions and pictures.
Match the stages of mitosis to their descriptions and pictures. 1. Nuclear membrane disappears and chromosomes condense 2. Nuclear membrane reappears and cells begin to fully separate Bell Ringer 02/02/15
More informationMitosis and Meiosis for AP Biology
Mitosis and Meiosis for AP Biology by Mark Anestis Practice problems for these concepts can be found at : Cell Division Review Questions for AP Biology Mitosis During mitosis, the fourth stage of the cell
More informationMeiosis and Sexual Reproduction Chapter 11. Reproduction Section 1
Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction Chapter 11 Reproduction Section 1 Reproduction Key Idea: An individual formed by asexual reproduction is genetically identical to its parent. Asexual Reproduction In asexual
More informationChapter 13: Meiosis & Sexual Life Cycles
Chapter 13: Meiosis & Sexual Life Cycles What you must know The difference between asexual and sexual reproduction. The role of meiosis and fertilization in sexually reproducing organisms. The importance
More informationChapter 11 Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction
Chapter 11 Meiosis and Sexual S Section 1: S Gamete: Haploid reproductive cell that unites with another haploid reproductive cell to form a zygote. S Zygote: The cell that results from the fusion of gametes
More informationCell Division. Mitosis
Cell division consists of two phases, nuclear division followed by cytokinesis. Nuclear division divides the genetic material in the nucleus, while cytokinesis divides the cytoplasm. There are two kinds
More informationSexual Reproduction Science 9- Mr. Klasz
Sexual Reproduction Science 9- Mr. Klasz Why sexual reproduction? Imagine a world where everyone was IDENTICAL. If we reproduced asexually, that would be our world Boring! Asexual Reproduction vs. Sexual
More informationMEIOSIS LAB INTRODUCTION PART I: SIMULATION OF MEIOSIS EVOLUTION. Activity #9
AP BIOLOGY EVOLUTION Unit 1 Part 7 Chapter 13 Activity #9 NAME DATE PERIOD MEIOSIS LAB INTRODUCTION Meiosis involves two successive nuclear divisions that produce four haploid cells. Meiosis I is the reduction
More informationMEIOSIS DR. A. TARAB DEPT. OF BIOCHEMISTRY HKMU
MEIOSIS DR. A. TARAB DEPT. OF BIOCHEMISTRY HKMU Meiosis is a special type of cell division necessary for sexual reproduction in eukaryotes such as animals, plants and fungi The number of sets of chromosomes
More informationLesson Overview Meiosis
11.4 THINK ABOUT IT As geneticists in the early 1900s applied Mendel s laws, they wondered where genes might be located. They expected genes to be carried on structures inside the cell, but which structures?
More informationBio 111 Study Guide Chapter 13 Meiosis and Life Cycles
Bio 111 Study Guide Chapter 13 Meiosis and Life Cycles BEFORE CLASS: Reading: Read the whole chapter from p. 252-265. Pay special attention to Figure 13.8, as it is such a good depiction of meiosis. Figure
More informationLECTURE 10A: MEIO S S
LECTURE 10A: MEIOSIS Meiosis Definition INTRODUCTION 1. Meiosis is the production of gametes, which is a reduction division which means a diploid gamete produces haploid gametes - from a full complement
More informationGametes are the reproductive cells - the egg or the sperm. Gametes.
Meiosis Meiosis is the type of cell division for that produces the cells ( ) which are also known as gametes. Two important characteristics of meiosis is that it reduces the number of chromosomes to half
More information9-4 Meiosis Meiosis. Slide 1 of 35
9-4 Meiosis 11-4 Meiosis 1 of 35 11-4 Meiosis Each organism must inherit a single copy of every gene from each of its parents. Gametes are formed by a process that separates the two sets of genes so that
More informationMeiosis and Sexual Reproduction. Chapter 9
Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction Chapter 9 9.1 Genes and Alleles Genes Sequences of DNA that encode heritable traits Alleles Slightly different forms of the same gene Each specifies a different version
More informationChapter 11: The Continuity of Life: Cellular Reproduction. What is Cellular Reproduction?
Chapter 11: The Continuity of Life: Cellular Reproduction What is Cellular Reproduction? Answer: The division of a parent cell into two daughter cells Requirements of Each Daughter Cell: 1) Necessary genomic
More informationMitosis and. Meiosis. Presented by Kesler Science
Mitosis and Meiosis Presented by Kesler Science Essential Questions: 1. What are mitosis and meiosis? 2. What occurs at different phases in cell division? 3. How are mitosis and meiosis similar and different?
More informationMeiosis (3.3) Think back to mitosis! What are the steps?? What happens during each one?
Meiosis (3.3) Think back to mitosis! What are the steps?? What happens during each one? Essen%al Idea: Meiosis produces gene.cally-varied, haploid cells needed for sexual reproduc.on 3.3.1 One diploid
More informationHonors Biology Test Chapter 8 Mitosis and Meiosis
Honors Biology Test Chapter 8 Mitosis and Meiosis 1. In mitosis, if a parent cell has 16 chromosomes, each daughter cell will have how many chromosomes? a. 64 b. 32 c. 16 d. 8 e. 4 2. Chromatids that are
More informationBIOLOGY - CLUTCH CH.13 - MEIOSIS.
!! www.clutchprep.com CONCEPT: SEXUAL REPRODUCTION Meiosis is a special type of cell division that occurs as part of the sexual life cycle of eukaryotes Sexual reproduction parents donate a unique mixture
More informationMeiosis, Sexual Reproduction, & Genetic Variability
Meiosis, Sexual Reproduction, & Genetic Variability Teachers Guide NARRATION FOR MEIOSIS, SEXUAL REPRODUCTION, AND GENETIC VARIABILITY Since the members of no species, even California redwoods or giant
More informationCell Cycle (mitosis and meiosis) Test Review
Cell Cycle (mitosis and meiosis) Test Review Name: Chapter 10 1. What problems are caused when a cell becomes too large? When a cell becomes too large the cell is strained and has a hard time moving enough
More information5.3 Reproduction and Meiosis
5.3 Reproduction and Meiosis Lesson Objectives Compare and contrast asexual and sexual reproduction. Give an overview of sexual reproduction, and outline the phases of meiosis. Explain why sexual reproduction
More information