«EMR AND INVERSION-BASED CONTROL

Transcription

1 EMR 17 ille June 2017 Summer School EMR 17 Energetic Macroscopic Representation «EMR AND INVERSION-BASED ONTRO OF RENEWABE ENERGY SYSTEMS» Prof. Betty EMAIRE-SEMAI, Dr. Walter HOMME, Dr. Philippe DEARUE, Prof. Alain BOUSAYRO 2EP, Université ille1, France

2 - Outline PhotoVoltaic onversion System Studied System EMR of the PV system Inversion-based control of the PV system 2. Wind Energy onversion System Studied System EMR of the WES Inversion-based control of the WES

3 EMR 17 ille June 2017 Summer School EMR 17 Energetic Macroscopic Representation «PHOTOVOTAI ONVERSION SYSTEM» Dr. Walter HOMME, Dr. Philippe DEARUE, Prof. Betty EMAIRE-SEMAI, Prof. Alain BOUSAYRO, 2EP, Université ille1, France

4 - Studied PV System - 4 PV control Technical requirements: - provide the maximum active power P

5 - EMR of the PV System - 5 PV panel i pv u i i bc Battery u i u bc u bat m bc d dt u u R i pv i d dt i R i u u bc i u bc bc m m bc bc i u bat

6 - EMR of the PV System - 6 i pv f uc, T, G filter chopper i pv u i i bc PV panel Battery u i u bc u bat m bc Maximum Power Point Tracking: u control

7 - Inversion-based control of the PV System - 7 filter chopper i pv u i i bc PV panel Battery u i u bc u bat m bc u -mes i pv-mes u -ref i -ref u bc-ref MPPT strategy u -ref MPPT = Maximum Power Point Tracking

8 8 «WIND ENERGY ONVERSION SYSTEM» Prof. Alain BOUSAYRO, Prof. Xavier GUIAUD 2EP, Université ille1, France Dr. Remus TEODORESU Aalborg University, Denmark

9 - Studied Wind Energy onversion System - 9 hosen WES for variable speed and variable frequency: a squirrel cage IM and two VSI i im1 i rect i line1 i trans1 q wind T W hs gear u rect13 i im2 u cap u inv13 i line2 u trans13 u grid13 i trans2 W ls W hs u rect23 u inv23 u trans23 u grid23 i inv wind blades shaft & gearbox induction machine Voltage Source Inverter capacitor Voltage Source Inverter line & filter transformer electric grid WES control Technical requirements: - provide the maximum active power P - control the reactive power Q

10 - EMR of the blades - 10 q wind [m 3 /s] P blade [Pa] wind q wind P blade q wind For a given wind flow rate P blade W ls EMR of the blades low speed shaft gearbox W ls W ls

11 J d dt 1 Wls f1wls Tblade T1 - EMR of the mechanical power train - T W 1 hs k k gear gear T 2 W ls J 2 d dt Whs f2whs T2 T im 11 W ls W ls W hs T 2 W hs W ls T 1 T 1 T 2 W hs low speed shaft gearbox high speed shaft W ls W ls Whs W hs T 1 T 2

12 J d dt 1 Wls f1wls Tblade T1 - EMR of the mechanical power train - T W 1 hs k k gear gear T 2 W ls J 2 d dt Whs f2whs T2 T im 12 W ls W ls W hs T 2 W hs W ls T 1 T 1 T 2 W hs Element association? W ls W ls W hs OK T 2 W hs T 1 W ls T 1 T 1 T 2 W hs

13 - EMR of the mechanical power train - 13 Element association? W ls W ls W hs OK T 2 W hs T 1 W ls T 1 T 1 T 2 W hs Equivalent power train =W hs W ls 1. permutation T 1 W ls W hs W shaft W gear W ls T 1 W ls T 2 W shaft =W ls T gear =T 1 2. merging J eq J 1 J k 2 2

14 - EMR of the squirel cage induction machine - 1 IM: difficult to control A currents 2 strong interaction between the 3 phases New d,q frame attached to the rotor flux 14 2s i pw s2 v s2 1r rotor Park s transformation d i sd 1r rotor q r/s 1s F rotor q r/s q d/s 1s 2r v s3 i s3 3s 3r v s1 i s1 stator x x s,dq r,dq q i sq P( qd / s ) xs,123 P( qd / r ) xr, 123 stator d, q rotating reference frame: - D current - interaction simplification Modelling simplifications: r k1isd Tim k2risq

15 - EMR of the squirel cage induction machine - Stator windings in (d,q) q d/s 15 oupling device e s-dq i s-dq i stator r k1isd Tim k2risq W gear i s-dq v s-dq u stator e r-dq i r-dq i rotor r i r-dq v r-dq u rotor =0 Simplified EMR q d/r Park s transformations W gear e stator i stator Rotor windings in (d,q) i stator u stator Squirrel cage permutation of windings and transformation concatenation of EM conversion and transformation

16 - EMR of the back-to-back VSI - 1(closed) s 11 0 (open) 16 i im1 i rect i filt1 u rect13 i im2 u cap i filt2 u inv13 mrect s11 s13 s12 s13 u rect23 i ond u inv23 urect i rect mrectucap m t rect iim i im i rect u cap u inv d dt u cap i rect i inv Rect Inv u rect u cap m rect i inv i line m inv

17 - EMR of the grid connection - 17 d dt 1 i1 R3i1 uinv u1 u i 2 3 m m trans trans u i 2 3 u inv i 1 u 1 i 2 i 2 i 3 u 3 i 3 i 1 u 1 i 2 u 2 u 2 u 3 i 3 u grid d dt 2 i2 R3i2 u1 u2 d dt 3 i3 R3i3 u3 ugrid i 1 i 2 i 3 u inv13 u 13-1 u 13-2 u 13-3 u grid-13 filter line 1 Ideal transformer line 2

18 - EMR of the grid connection - 18 Element association? u inv i 1 u 1 i 2 i 2 i 3 u 3 i 3 OK i 1 u 1 i 2 u 2 u 2 u 3 i 3 u grid 1. merging u inv i 1 2. permutation u 2 i 2 i 3 u inv i line i transf i 1 u 2 i 2 u 3 u grid i line u transf u grid 3. merging eq m 2 trans

19 - EMR of the WES - 19 i im1 i rect i line1 i trans1 v wind T W shaft gear u rect13 i im2 u cap u inv13 i line2 u trans13 u grid13 i trans2 W gear W shaft u rect23 u inv23 u trans23 u grid23 i inv wind blades shaft & gearbox induction machine Voltage Source Inverter capacitor Voltage Source Inverter line & filter transformer electric grid q wind W shaft W gea e im i im i rect u cap u inv i line i transf Wind r T grid P blade W shaft T gear i im u rect u cap i inv i line u transf u grid m rect m inv blade equivalent power train induction machine rectifier capacitor inverter equivalent line & transformer

20 - Tuning chains of the WES - 20 blade q wind Wind P blade equivalent power train W shaft induction machine rectifier capacitor inverter equivalent line & transformer W shaft T gear W gea e im i im i rect u cap u inv r i im u rect u cap m rect i inv m inv i line ref 1? ref 2??? i line T u transf i transf grid u grid ref 3? ref 4? m rect m m objectives: active power P reactive power Q constraints: capacitor voltage machine flux 2 dof m' 13 minv m' 23 2 dof

21 W shaft-mes P max MPPT look-up table For a given wind flow W shaft W shaft-mes P(kW) MPPT strategy - MPPT strategy m/s 4 m/s 5 m/s 6 m/s 7 m/s 8m/s 9 m/s 10 m/s 11 m/s 12 m/s 13 m/s Pref wind velocity Rotation speed (rpm) T gear-ref P max 21 T gear-ref W max MPPT = Maximum Power Point Tracking

22 - WES control with MPPT - 22 blade equivalent power train induction machine rectifier q wind W shaft W gear e im i im i rect Wind D bus P blade W shaft T gear i im u rect u dc m rect F im-ref 1 2 T gear-ref -ref i im-ref u rect-ref MPPT strategy T gear-ref 1. FO: Field oriented ontrol 2. PWM: Pulse Width Modulation MPPT = Maximum Power Point Tracking

23 EMR 17 ille June 2017 Summer School EMR 17 Energetic Macroscopic Representation «REFERENES»

24 - References - 24 A. Bouscayrol, P. Delarue, Simplifications of the Maximum ontrol Structure of a wind energy conversion system with an induction generator", International Journal of Renewable Energy Engineering, vol. 4, no. 2, August 2002, pp A. Bouscayrol, P. Delarue, X. Guillaud, Power strategies for Maximum ontrol Structure of a wind energy conversion system with a synchronous machine", Renewable Energy, vol. 30, May 2005, pp A. Bouscayrol, X. Guillaud, R. Teodorescu, P. Delarue, W. homme, "Hardware-in-the-loop simulation of different wind turbines using Energetic Macroscopic Representation", IEEE- IEON'06, Paris, November 2006, (common paper of 2EP and University ofaalborg). A. Bouscayrol, X. Guillaud, P. Delarue, B. emaire-s , Energetic Macroscopic Representation and inversion-based control illustrated on a wind energy conversion systems using Hardware-inthe-loop simulation, IEEE trans. on Industrial Electronics; vol. 56, no. 12, pp , December P. Delarue, A. Bouscayrol, A. Tounzi, X. Guillaud, G. ancigu, Modelling, control and simulation of an overall wind energy conversion system", Renewable Energy, vol. 28, no. 8, pp , July 2003, (common paper 2EP ille and Jeumont SA). W. homme, P. Delarue, F. Giraud, B. emaire-s , A. Bouscayrol, Simulation of a photovoltaic conversion system using Energetic Macroscopic Representation, EPE PEM 12, Novi Sad (Serbia), September 2012.

25 - EMR of the PV System - 25 i pv f uc, T, G PV panel i pv filter u i chopper i bc Battery u bat OV So f f i f i bc So bc, OV, T u i u bc u bat m bc d dt u u R i pv i d dt i R i u i u u bc bc bc m m bc bc i u bat

26 F 1 2 S 2 blade v wind air density; S area swept by blades. - EMR of the blades - F tan g F T blade 26 Tblade RbladeFtan g vblade RbladeW shaft ausal Ordering Graph (OG) only rigid relations v wind F blade F blade T F tang v blade R blade W shaft v wind T () F blade W shaft EMR of the blades T = f() v v blade wind R blade v tip-slip ratio; W wind shaft