Geotechnology for Agriculture: A view from regulations and free software.

Transcription

1 Geotechnology for Agriculture: A view from regulations and free software. 11 de noviembre del 2015

2 C O N T E N T S Agriculture, two aspects: data and software Common problems with data and information The Spatial Infrastructures (SDI) The value chain: DIKW Model and Dictionary normalization Geospatial standards Free software vs. Privative software

3 Agriculture, two aspects: data and software Agriculture, two aspects: What do we need? Do we have what we need? or information? Information or knowledge? Enough?, compatible? documented?, updated? What about the data quality? Do you have quantitative and qualitative criteria? Software Affordable? Tailored? Technologically independent? Do you spend yearly most of your Budget on commercial software?

4 Common problems with data and information For data-info rarely it is declared (documented): Dates, Scale, Lineage, Quality aspects Other words, no metadata culture.

5 Common problems with data and information Legal Aspects: Lack of geospatial policies, Scarce technical standards, Existing documents not aligned, Lack of institutional leadership, The interoperability framework is not common for all the government levels, In other words, the legal framework is weak and incomplete.

6 The Spatial Infraestructures (SDI) What is a Spatial Infrastructure? The term Spatial Infrastructure (SDI) is often used to denote the relevant base collection of technologies, policies and institutional arrangements that facilitate the availability of and access to spatial data. The SDI provides a basis for spatial data discovery, evaluation, and application for users and providers within all levels of government, the commercial sector, the non-profit sector, academia and by citizens in general. SDI Cookbook. Version 2.0, 25 January 2004.

7 The Spatial Infraestructures (SDI) SDI definition: Means to discover, visualize and evaluating (Metadata) Means for accessing data Geospatial data and attributes A collection of: Policies Institutional provisions (Agreements) Technologies Regulatory framework to facilitate Availability and access

8 The Spatial Infraestructures (SDI) A SDI model: Interoperability Sustainable budget Open data Po l i c i e s I ntellectual ca p i ta l Capacity building Willingness Critical mass of experts L e g a l f r a m e Agreements and collaboration Legal mandate Organization Ad-hoc Te c h n i ca l S c h e m e Technical standards Clasification and grouping data Delivery mechanisms

9 T h e va l u e c h a i n : D I KW Wisdom Understanding Principles Knowledge Understanding Patterns Information Understanding Relationships Understanding Problems

10 T h e va l u e c h a i n : D I KW

11 T h e va l u e c h a i n : D I KW The Value Chain:, Information, Knowlwdge, Wisdom + I n c r e a s i n g i n t e l l i g e n c e Wisdom Knowledge Understanding Principles Understanding Patterns Information Understanding Relationships Lack of, False or incomplete data Disinformation, false assumption Ignorance Falsas interpretations Ideas without fundations Harmful decisions Understanding Problems - D e c r e a s e i n t e l l i g e n c e Dumbness

12 Public Policies Knowledge Patterns and Relationships Territory Environment Systems management and administration Decisions Society Information Society Reality Territory Abstraction DM & DD New and Updates Base Modeling E P C D Environment Geographic features Objects normalization Layers Preexisting

13 Model and Dictionary The Technical Scheme: modeling ( Model and Dictionary), Classification and grouping data, Normalization Technical regulations delivery mechanisms

14 Model and Dictionary El proceso de modelado de datos y los diccionarios de datos Model Dictionary Need to regulate data generation, Resolve semantic discrepancies, Provide common specifications that regulate the production of data,

15 Model and Dictionary Model Descriptive Component Name Definition Attributes and attribute values Characteristics of geospatial Objects Spatial Component Vectorial representation Point Line Polygon Spatial relationships Connection Sharing Topology

16 Model and Dictionary Dictionary Name Minimum dimensions Definition Spatial relationships Geometry Time dimension Attributes

17 Model and Dictionary Updating Generation Specialized sources Documentary research Normalization Local sources Dictionary Normalization Selection of terms and definitions Adaptation of terms and definitions glosary, catalogue thesaurus

18 D a ta N o r m a l i zation sources Geographic Information Systems Modeling Metadata Dictionary Normalization Cleansing Specifications base Design Dicc. of Variables E P C D Extraction E P C D Structuring base or Warehouse Bussines Rules Validation Bussines Rules Thematic base E P C D E P C D Flat Files Metadata Other Specific Application

19 S ta n d a r d s w h a t fo r? Standards applies to the characteristics to be obtained a product or service, not a tool or method. A standard should include the "numerical specifications." How it is generated What it is generated Methodologies, Procedures, Hardware model, Software, Processing, Etc. Technical Standards Geospatial and Information Framework, Sectorial, Technical Specs., Raster and Vector files, Etc.

20 G e o s p a t i a l s ta n d a r d s What is standardisation and what for? What should be standardized about geospatial data? Conceptual Models and Dictionaries Quality General and particular standards Classification Processes Metadata ISO and OGC High level political frame Publication and sharing Modeling Creation Documentation Interoperability INEGI and all levels of government and agencies

21 S ta n d a r d s w h a t fo r? ISO and Open Geospatial Consortium standards de facto ISO/TC-211 Family of Standards 19100: Abstract Specifications General standards for data and services de jure A E N O R Translate and promotes Promote adoption National Standards de facto Abstract Specifications and for Implementation Standards for interoperability and geoprocessing Standards to discover, visualize and transform

22 S ta n d a r d s w h a t fo r? ISO and Open Geospatial Consortium standards General standards Standards for Raster Standards for Services Complementary standards Catalogue Services Services for Representation Codificación Services Processing Services

23 F r e e s o f t w a r e v s. P r i vative software Free and Open Code software: Open Developers:

24 Thank you for your attention Jesús Olvera Ramírez