Appositives E7-10-P1. Name : Date : Mark : A. In each of the following sentences, underline the appositive and circle the noun it explains.

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1 E7-10-P1 Name : Date : Mark : Appositives An appositive is noun or noun phrase placed next to or very near another noun or noun phrase to identify, explain, or supplement its meaning. EXAMPLE: Mr. Lange, our English teacher, is very intelligent. A. In each of the following sentences, underline the appositive and circle the noun it explains. 1. Kerri, my older sister, left immediately. 2. His car, a vintage roadster, crashed. 3. That man, the village chief, will command. 4. Baseball, my favourite sport, ended yesterday. 5. The senator, a Democrat, voted today. 6. Mr. Tobias, our Latin teacher, was nominated and defeated. 7. His house, a rambling shack, burned down. 8. The dog, a huge German shepherd, jumped up. 9. The boat, a sleek cruiser, slid past. 10. My cat, a grey manx, stretched and yawned. 11. Did you see the film at Studio 28, the movie theatre? 12. My favourite ice cream, butter pecan, was on sale.

2 E7-10-P!2 Interjections Interjections are words that express strong feeling or sudden emotion. They may be followed by an exclamation point or a comma. Interjections are more effective when they are not overused. Hey! Look at that hawk. Oh, that s a surprise. A. Underline the interjections in the following sentences. 1. Wow! It s my birthday today! 2. Great! I can t wait for my friends to get here. 3. No! What do you mean they can t come? 4. Oh no! This is terrible! 5. Oh, quit complaining. 6. Rats! I thought this was going to be a great day. 7. Zounds! I have an idea! 8. Shh, listen. 9. Yes! This just might work. 10.Right! I ll call some of my other friends and see if they can come. 11.Ah, I love that idea. 12.Hey! Did you hear that? 13.Surprise! We came after all! 14.Gosh! I sure was worried for a while. 15.Super! It was a great celebration! B. Use the interjections given here to write sentences of your own. C. Write two sentences describing a ride at an amusement park. Include an interjection in each sentence.

3 E7-10-P!3 PRACTICE Write 10 sentences with interjections that you would hear people shouting out at an amazing circus event!

4 E7-10-P!4 When Lightning Strikes Just what was Benjamin Franklin thinking when he flew a kite in a thunderstorm? Didn t he realize that his kite could attract a lightning bolt capable of killing him? The Philadelphia inventor was actually very lucky. A bolt of lightning heats the surrounding air to a peak temperature of 50,000 F, five times the temperature of the surface of the sun. Yet the charge is so brief that some people survive its deadly stroke. The bolt that hit Franklin s kite happened to be very weak. The lightning struck a pointed wire attached to the kite, travelled down the kite string, and ignited a spark at the key fastened to the end of the string. Through this experiment, Franklin proved that lightning is actually electricity. Later, Franklin invented the lightning rod, a device that sends lightning s electricity from a rod to a cable in the ground. Lightning rods come in handy in places like Florida where 90 lightning-producing storms hit per year, more than in any other state. Moist air from the ocean combines with intense heat to create ideal lightning conditions. The West Coast, by contrast, receives an average of only three thunderstorms a year. Where should you go when you get caught in a thunderstorm? The best place is indoors. When lightning strikes a house, it travels through the wires inside the walls to the ground. People in the house are usually protected. Cars are also fairly safe, although it isn t the rubber tires that protect passengers from lightning. The charge travels through the metal frame, bypassing those inside. If you re in an open field, don t hide under a tree. Lightning goes for the tallest object. You are better off crouching in a low valley. Places that provide shelter from pelting rain often make ideal lightning targets, so stay away from tents, un-wired buildings, and shallow caves. Peaks, ridges, and bodies of water should also be avoided during a storm. Lightning begins when ice crystals and hailstones collide inside thunderclouds and produce powerful electrical charges. When these electric charges react with charges from the earth, lightning is formed. Lightning bolts appear misleadingly as downstrokes, but the dramatic flash we see actually moves from the ground upward! All of this takes place at 90,000 miles per second. The resounding thunderclap that follows is caused by rapidly expanding air from lightning heat. With 100 lightning bolts bombarding the earth every second, it s no surprise that lightning is one of nature s most violent occurrences. Over 100 Americans are killed by it every year, more than the number who die from tornadoes or hurricanes. Those who are struck but receive immediate first aid, however, have excellent chances of surviving. Every year about 250 Americans who are struck by lightning live through it with varying degrees of injury. Former Virginia park ranger Roy C. Dooms Sullivan is an expert survivor. He holds the Guinness World Record, claiming he s been struck by lightning seven times. He says that you can tell when it s going to strike. If you smell sulphur in the air and your hair stands on end, you know it s going to get you. Lightning has positive aspects too. It returns valuable negative energy to the earth and produces nitrogen compounds important for the growth of most plants. And there really is no need to panic. The chances of being killed by lightning this year are less than one in 2.5 million. A person is much more likely to be killed in a car accident. So when lightning strikes, find a safe place, sit back, and enjoy the show.

5 E7-10-P!5 Author s Purpose The author s purpose is the reason why the author wrote the article. An author may write to entertain, to inform, or to persuade. Answer these questions. 1. What is the reading selection When Lightning Strikes about? 2. For what audience did the author write this selection? 3. Why does the author say Benjamin Franklin was lucky? 4. Does the author present both the negative and positive aspects of lightning? 5. What is the author s purpose in writing this selection? Selected Questions 1. How many Americans are killed by lightning each year? 2. Where is it safest to be during a storm? 3. What causes the thunderclap which follows lightning? 4. How hot is the air surrounding a bolt of lightning? 5. How many lightning bolts hit the earth every second? Main Idea For each paragraph in the reading selection, write a sentence that states the main idea

6 E7-10-P!6 Exclamatory Sentences An exclamatory sentence can be either a statement or a command made with strong feeling. It ends with an exclamation point. Hold it right there! Stop! A. For each of these exclamatory sentences, circle the word that must be capitalized and add punctuation. 2. look at that! 3. this is my favourite food! 4. what a terrific play we saw! 5. it s a home run! 6. my brother passed the exam! 7. grandmother is coming to visit! 8. what a fantastic day that was! 9. we won! 10. what an exquisite painting that is! 11. this is the most amazing thing that has ever happened to me! B. Write five exclamatory sentences you might hear at a baseball, basketball, or football game