SPOOKIE: The Selected Process On/Off Klima Intercomparison Experiment
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1 SPOOKIE: The Selected Process On/Off Klima Intercomparison Experiment Mark Webb, Adrian Lock (Met Office), Sandrine Bony (IPSL), Chris Bretherton (UW), Tsuyoshi Koshiro, Hideaki Kawai (MRI), Thorsten Mauritsen (MPI), Tomoo Ogura (NIES), Romain Roehrig (CNRM), Steve Sherwood (UNSW), Masahiro Watanabe (AORI), Ming Zhao (GFDL) CFMIP/EUCLIPSE Meeting, Egmond aan Zee, July 2014
2 Selected Process On/Off Klima Intercomparison Experiment (SPOOKIE) Aims Establish relative contributions of different areas of model physics to: Inter-model spread in cloud feedback Common aspects of cloud feedbacks (e.g. tendency to be positive) Approach Repeat CFMIP-2 AMIP/AMIP Uniform +4K experiments, switching off or simplifying different model schemes in turn Pilot Experiments Start by switching off convective parametrization
3 Convection off (convoff) Experiments What do we expect to see? Hypotheses Zhang et al. (2013) argue that positive subtropical feedback is caused by enhanced entrainment of dry air into the boundary layer from the free troposphere in models with active shallow convection. - If this is the sole cause of positive subtropical feedback, then convoff feedbacks will be neutral or negative. Sherwood et al (2014) argue that positive shallow cloud feedback (and much of its spread) is related to the strength of lower tropospheric mixing by convective parametrizations and shallow large scale circulations. - Hence some reduction in magnitude and spread would be expected in the absence of convective parametrization.
4 amip4k feedbacks over tropical oceans [30 O N/S] All Standard Models SPOOKIE Standard models SPOOKIE ConvOff models Net Feedback* Shortwave Feedback* Longwave Feedback* *Includes cloud masking
5 amip4k feedbacks over tropical oceans [30 O N/S] All Standard Models SPOOKIE Standard models SPOOKIE ConvOff models Net Feedback* Shortwave Feedback* Longwave Feedback* *Includes cloud masking
6 AMIP +4K Response of Liquid Water (g/g/k) Standard models Conv Off models MRI-CGCM3 MPI-ESM-LR MIROC5 HadGEM2 CNRM-CM5
7 SPOOKIE ConvOff models Net Feedback AMIP Control Ice Water Path (mm) Black diamonds indicate significant correlations with cloud feedbacks in same regime Grey squares indicate a significant correlation with cloud feedback area average over tropical oceans
8 Ideas for SPOOKIE Phase II Are the impacts of convection on shallow cloud feedback local or remotely forced? We can run experiments where we suppress convection in different regimes - e.g. - Subtropical shallow cloud regimes with SSTs between K in amip and K in amip4k
9 Convection Off in the Subtropics Standard HadGEM2-A HadGEM2-A Convection Off [ K] Amip 4K Response in Net CRE
10 More Ideas for SPOOKIE Phase II Understand reasons for convective parametrization differences - How important is lateral entrainment? (e.g. Rougier et al. 2009). - Run with no convective entrainment/detrainment - How important is convective precipitation efficiency? (Zhao 2014) - Rain out all convective cloud water (precip efficiency=1) - Can switch off convective precipitation (precip efficiency=0)
11 HadGEM2-A Convection Experiments Ideas amip for 4K SPOOKIE CRE Response Phase II Standard Model Convection Off HadGEM2-A HadGEM2-A Weak Convective Precip Efficiency Strong Convective Precip Efficiency
12 Summary and Conclusions Models are viable without parameterized convection at present resolutions Models are able to reproduce positive subtropical cloud feedback without parametrized convection Four models show convergence in deep and shallow tropical cloud feedbacks as well as other quantities without parametrized convection Convoff models with more ice in the control climate have less positive cloud feedbacks mixed phase feedback? Future work could investigate the remote impacts of convection and different aspects of convective formulation such as entrainment and precip efficiency The CFMIP experiments provide an efficient platform for investigating cloud feedback mechanisms using sensitivity experiments
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