Contents. List of Participants

Transcription

1 Table of Introduction List of Participants page xi xiii 1 Galaxy clusters as probes of cosmology and astrophysics August E. Evrard Introduction Clusters as Dark Matter Potential Wells Connecting Mass to Observables: Virial Scaling Relations The Dark Matter Virial Relation Interpreting n(t ): An Example of Cosmological-Astrophysical Confusion Discussion 20 References 21 2 Clusters of galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Robert C. Nichol Introduction SDSS Cluster Catalogs The C4 Algorithm Luminous Red Galaxies Galaxy Properties as a Function of Environment Strangulation of Star Formation 37 References 40 3 Clustering studies with the 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey Warrick J. Couch, Matthew M. Colless, and Roberto De Propris Introduction Galaxy Clustering: Key Results Cluster Luminosity Functions Star Formation Versus Environment 50 References 57 4 X-ray surveys of low-redshift clusters Alastair C. Edge Introduction 58

2 Table of vi 4.2 An Historical Perspective X-ray Imaging Begins with Einstein The X-ray Dark Ages The Middle Age of X-ray Astronomy? Can Edge s Law Hold? Conclusions A Coda 69 References 69 5 X-ray clusters at high redshift Piero Rosati Introduction Evolution of the Cluster Abundance Cosmology with X-ray Clusters Distant X-ray Clusters: the Latest View from Chandra Galaxy Populations in the Most Distant Clusters Conclusions and Future Challenges 84 References 86 6 The red sequence technique and high-redshift galaxy clusters Michael D. Gladders Cluster Surveys The CRS Method in Detail The Red Sequence and Cluster Confirmation The Red Sequence Cluster Survey Summary and Future Directions 103 References Probing dark matter in clusters Ian Smail Introduction Lensing Methods Comparing X-ray and Lensing Masses Cluster Mass Profiles Relating Galaxy Properties to their Dark Matter Environment Summary 120 References Clusters of galaxies: an X-ray perspective Richard F. Mushotzky Introduction Temperature Structure of Clusters Luminosity-Temperature Relation for Clusters Optical Light, Velocity Dispersion, and X-ray Properties Surface Brightness Profiles Mass of Baryons and Metals and How They Are Partitioned 132

3 Table of vii 8.7 Mass Scaling Laws Form of the Potential Merges, Structures, etc Abundances Conclusion 139 References Cool gas in clusters of galaxies Megan Donahue and G. Mark Voit A Census of Cool Gas The Cooling Flow Hypothesis The Trouble with Cooling Flows The Galaxy-Cluster Connection The Revival of Conduction Paths to a Resolution 156 References Using the Sunyaev-Zel dovich effect to probe the gas in clusters Mark Birkinshaw Introduction The Physics of the Sunyaev-Zel dovich Effect Uses of the Sunyaev-Zel dovich Effect in Cluster Studies Instruments and Techniques Summary 175 References The formation of early-type galaxies: observations to z 1 Tommaso Treu Introduction Evolution of the Number Density Star Formation History The Mass Density Profile of Distant E+S0 Galaxies 188 References Evolution of early-type galaxies in clusters Marijn Franx A Working Definition Homogeneity at Low Redshift Evolution to z = Complex Models of Galaxy Evolution Comparison of Field and Cluster Early-type Galaxies Redshifts Conclusion 204 References 204

4 Table of viii 13 Star-forming galaxies in clusters Alan Dressler Introduction Connecting Star Formation History and Morphology in Cluster Galaxies Today: The Cold Ashes of Today s Clusters Gyr Ago: Flameouts of Dying Galaxies One Billion Years ABB: A Cluster is Born 222 References The stellar content of galaxy clusters Roger L. Davies Introduction The Stars between Galaxies Stars in Galaxies The Decoupled Core in NGC Summary 241 References Modeling stellar populations in cluster galaxies Bianca M. Poggianti Introduction k+a Spectra Emission-line Spectra and Dust Passive Galaxies and Evolutionary Links Summary 256 References The chemistry of galaxy clusters Alvio Renzini Introduction The Heavy Elements in Clusters: ICM and Galaxies Metal Production: The Parent Stellar Population Metal Production: Type Ia vs. Type II Supernovae Metals from Galaxies to the ICM: Ejection vs. Extraction Metals as Tracers of ICM Preheating Clusters vs. Field at z = 0 and the Overall Metallicity of the Universe The Major Epoch of Metal Production The Early Chemical Evolution of the Milky Way Summary 273 References Interactions and mergers of cluster galaxies J. Christopher Mihos Interactions of Cluster Galaxies Lessons from the Field Applied to Clusters 282

5 Table of ix 17.4 Galaxy Evolution: Mergers, Elliptical, and S0 Galaxies Tidal Stripping and Intracluster Light 288 References Evolutionary processes in clusters Ben Moore Introduction The Paradigms for Disk and Spheroid Formation Mechanisms for Transformation A New Paradigm for the Formation of S0/dS0/dE/dSph/UCD Galaxies Conclusions 303 References Interaction of galaxies with the intracluster medium Jacqueline H. van Gorkom Introduction The Statistics of H I Deficiency Simulations Comparison of Simulations with H I Imaging Surveys and the Importance of Interactions with the ICM Concluding Remarks 320 References The difference between clusters and groups: a journey from cluster cores to their outskirts and beyond Richard G. Bower and Michael L. Balogh Introduction Clusters of Galaxies The Other Axis: Density What Does It All Mean? 334 References Galaxy groups at intermediate redshift and the mechanisms of galaxy evolution Ray G. Carlberg Introduction Properties of the CNOC2 Groups Group Galaxy Evolution Radial Color Gradients of Groups Merging and the Inward Flow of Group Galaxies Consequences of Galaxy Evolution in Groups Conclusions 351 References The intragroup medium John S. Mulchaey 353

6 Table of x 22.1 Introduction ROSAT Studies Spatial Properties of the Intragroup Medium Spectral Properties of the Intragroup Medium Mass and Baryon Fraction Estimates Evidence for Additional Physics The Intragroup Medium in The Local Group Concluding Remarks 367 References Symposium summary Jeremiah P. Ostriker Introduction Important Results Addressed by Speakers EROs Observations, Phenomenology, and Data Interpretation Methodology and Technology Important Results Based on Clusters Not Addressed Discussion 376 References 376 Credits 378