3. O 1. O. Of? (CSPN Central stars of planetary nebulae) CSPN [WR], O Of, Oe. Bouret 1) f r /r r r 1.1. FUV HD A (O4If ) M 1.

Transcription

1 3. O tkogure@pa2.so-net.ne.jp O O Of? X (CSPN Central stars of planetary nebulae) CSPN [WR], CSPN AGB 1. O O Of, Oe O Ha Of X Of? Oe Be 1.1 O HR Ha WR O Bouret 1) f r /r r r f 1 O FUV HD A (O4If ) M M yr 1 M Ha

2 Ha 2 Puls 2) f cl r 2 / r 2 1 f ( r ) ( r ) f cl 20 O f cl 4 20 Puls PV ll1118, 1128 AÕ O f cl 100, 10, PVll1118, 1128 AÕ Oskinova 3) PV f cl 3 10 WR 1.2 O q 1 Ori C Donati 4) Anglo-Australian Telescope (3.9 m) (Stokes V) kg, 42 6 q 1 Ori C Gagne 5) Chandra X Wade 6) 1, G Wade Donati Donati, Howarth 7) Canada France Hawaii Telescope CFHT; 3.6 m HD (Of?p) Of O q 1 Ori C 538 q 1 Ori C 15.4 q 1 Ori C Zero Age Main Sequence (ZAMS) HD ZAMS WR Donati Petit 8) 8 OB Donati CFHT q 1 Ori C 3 1 3kG G OB 1 3 kg Gcm

3 Petit OB Schnerr 9) 5 x Per 2 1 Schnerr O O X X O z Ori (O9.7 Ib) X Cohen 10) Pollock 11) Stelzer 12) q 1 Ori C X 15.4 Stelzer X (O A) 1.3 Of, Oe Of NIII(ll4634, 4640, 4642 AÕ) O He II (l4686 AÕ) He II Of Of O(f) O((f)) Ha He II O((f)) NIII WR km s Underhil Of 2 3,000 km s 1 WR WR 1 Of O WR WN HR O((f)) ZAMS O O(f) Of He II O Of WR Of? Of CIII 4647, 4650, 4651 NIII 4634, 4640, 4642 Of? C III NIII 13) HD 108, HD , HD (a) HD 108 (O6f?pe/O7IIIfpe) 1 1,000 2 Of He II, N III Balmer He I PCyg 56 Ha Nazé 13) X X X HD

4 X (b) HD (Of?p) Howarth 14) O8fp B1V 1, R 1.4 km s 1 O Ha Ha He II l4686 He I 4471 Ha Nazé 15) He I O8 O6.5 O q 1 Ori C Of? X O 5 HD 108 X HD X q 1 Ori C X 15) Of? 1 Of? O Of Oe He II, N III B (Be) O Negueruela 16) Oe Be Oe 29 Isaac Newton 2.5 m 10 He I 1 O q 1 13), 15) Ori C Of? T eff (kk) (M yr 1 ) X (10 33 erg s 1 ) ( kev) 1 HD 108 O6f?/O7IIIfpe HD Of?p O O q 1 Ori C O5.5V hot Ha (O6) (O8) 3 (T eff, M) Gagné 5)

5 Oe O9.5 B0 Be O9.5 Oe HD (O7.5 IIIe) Oe Rauw 17) Oe HD (Ope BO IVe) HD (O8 V: pe O9.5 Ve) 5 B Be Be (Central star of planetary nebula; CSPN) [WR], Of, OV, sdo [WR] (Wels Weak emission-line star) 350 CSPN [WR] 15, Wels 15 [WR] WC, WO CSPN 80 AGB Gorny and Tyland 18) AGB FUSE Sonneborn 19) CSPN Girard 20) 48 [WR], Wels, normal CSPN [WR] [WC11] [WC4], [WO4] [WO1] normal [WR] Wels Gesicki 21) (T bb ) CSPN [WR] [WR] [WR] Wels [WR] Wels [WO] Marcolino 22) 4 [WR] (log T log g) 4 M M AGB WC WC (Wels) PG 1159 Wels

6 PG 1159 Wels PG 1159 CSPN 2.2 WR O Kudritzki 23) CSPN Non-LTE HR 1 f cl Ha, HeII 9 f cl 1 50 f cl 50 1 IC M yr 1 Urbaneja 24) CSPN I O I Akashi 25) CSPN X X Chandra, XMM- Newton 1,000 CSPN [WR] Chesneau 26),Lagadec 27) 100 AU Chesneau 28) 29) Jordan 30) 4 CSPN Very Large Telescope (VLT) 2 (NGC 1360, LSS 1362) (kg) Lee 31) 8 European Southern Observatory (ESO) 3.58 m 2 20 kg Lee 10 kg Sabin 32)

7 3 Washimi 33) M2 9 3 MHD Miyaji Saito 34) Soker 35) CE (CE; common envelope) (CE) AGB CE 3 CSPN De Marco 36) 100 CSPN De Marco 37) Bond 38) AGB CE De Marco Zijlstra 39) Zijlstra (Type I) CE Type II Type III Zijlstra Type I CE Abell 63 UU Sge Ha [NII] Mitchell 40) AGB CE Soker 35) Mitchell Abell 63 CE

8 1 CSPN, AGB (AU) (Zijlstra 39) Zijlstra 39) CSPN AGB CSPN 1 CSPN AGB CSPN Zijlstra AGB Zijlstra 1) Bouret J. C., Lanz T., Hillier D. J., 2005, A&A 438, 301 2) Puls J., Markova N., Scuderi S., 2006a, ASP Conf. Ser., in press; Puls J., Markova N., et al., 2006b, A&A 454, 625 3) Oskinova L. M., Hamann W. R., Feldmeier A., 2007, A&A, 476, ) Donati J. F., Babel J., Harries T. J., et al., 2002, MN 333, 55 5) Gagné M., Oksala M. E., et al., 2005, ApJ 628, 986 6) Wade G. A., Fullerton A. W., Donati J. F., et al., 2006, AA 451, 195 7) Donati J. F., Howarth I. D., et al., 2006, MN 365, L6 8) Petit V., Wade G. A., Drissen L., Montmerle T., 2007, Proc. 40 Years of Pulsars, Millisecond Pulsars, Magnators and More, in press 9) Schnerr R. S., Rygl K. L. J., et al., 2007 A&A 470, ) Cohen D. H., Leutenegger M. A., et al., 2006, MNRAS 368, ) Pollock A. M. T., 2007, A&A 463, ) Stelzer B., Flacomio E., Montmerle T., et al., 2005, ApJS 160, ) Nazé Y., Rauw G., et al., 2006, Proc. The X-ray Universe 2005, Wilson A. (ed.), ESA Publ. Division, 99 14) Howarth I. D., Walborn N. R., et al., 2007, MNRAS 381, ) Nazé Y., Rauw G., et al., 2007, MNRAS 375, ) Negueruela I., Steele I. A., Bernabeu G., 2004, AN 325,

9 749 17) Rauw G., Nazé Y., et al., 2007, IBVS 5773, 1 18) Gorny S. K., Tyland R., 2000, A&A 362, ) Sonneborn G., Iping R., Herald J., 2007, IAUS 234, ) Girard P., et al., 2007, A&A 463, ) Gesicki K., et al., 2006, A&A 451, ) Marcolino W. L. F., et al., 2007, ApJ 654, 1068; Marcolino W. L. F., et al., 2007, AJ 134, ) Kudritzki R. P., Urbaneja M. A., Puls J., 2006, IAUS 234, ) Urbaneja M. A., Kudritzki R. P., Puls J., 2007, Proc. Clumping in Hot Star Winds W. R. Hamann, et al., (eds.), in press 25) Akashi O., et al., 2007, MNRAS 375, ) Chesneau O., 2006, ASP Conf. 355, ) Lagadec E., Chesneau O., 2006, IAUS 234, ) Cheaneau O., et al., 2006, A&A 455, ) Cheaneau O., et al., 2007, A&A 473, L29 30) Jordan S., Werner K., O Toole S. J., 2005, A&A 432, ) Lee T.-H., Stanghellini L., et al., 2007, AJ 133, ) Sabin L., Zijlstra Albert A., Greaves J. S., 2007, MNRAS 376, ) Washimi H., Zank G. P., et al., 2006, IAUS 234, ) Miyaji S., Saito D., 2006, IAUS 234, ) Soker N., 2006, PASP 118, ) De Marco O., 2006, IAUS 234, ) De Marco, O., Wortet S., Bond H. E., Harmer D., 2007, Proc. Asymmetric PNe IV, in press 38) Bond E., et al., 2006, AIP Conf. Proc. Vol. 804, Planetary Nebulae as Astronomical Tools, p ) Zijlstra A. A., 2007, Baltic Astronomy 16, 79 40) Mitchell D. L., O Orien T. J., et al., 2007, MNRAS 374, 1404 Recent Developments in the Studies of Emission-Line Stars 3. O Stars and Central Stars of Planetary Nebulae Tomokazu KOGURE 1 10 Toganoo, Hashimoto, Yawata, Kyoto , Japan Abstract: O-type stars are hot massive stars having strong radiatively-driven winds. Recent studies of stellar winds taking into account of the clumpy structure revised the mass-loss rate downward by a factor of several. Stellar magnetic fields have been detected for some O stars, suggesting the fossil origin of neutron star magnetic fields through evolution of O stars as their progenitors. Optical and X ray observations of Of? type stars reveal some enigmatic behaviors in the e#ects of stellar rotation and magnetic field for their structure of winds. Central stars of planetary nebulae (CSPNe), when classified as [WR], weak emission-line, and no emission-line stars, seem to have di#erent evolutionary paths from post-agb to white dwarf stars. The formation of asymmetric planetary nebulae is also a subject of debate whether they formed by stellar magnetism or from close binary system. These problems are briefly reviewed