Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Mission Objectives

Transcription

1 Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) Overview The Instrument Suite and Mission Status Gordon Chin LRO Project Scientist NASA Goddard Space Flight Center 9th ILEWG International Conference on Exploration and Utilization of the Moon Sorrento, Italy October 22-26, 2007

2 Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Mission Objectives Locate Potential Resources Hydrogen/water at the lunar poles Continuous solar energy Mineralogy Safe Landing Sites High resolution imagery Global geodetic grid Topography Rock abundances Space Environment Energetic particles Neutrons

3 11/29/2007 NASA s Vision For Space Exploration LRO s Role The Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) is NASA s first step in returning humans to the Moon. LRO focuses on identifying safe landing sites, locates lunar resources, and studies how the lunar radiation environment will affect humans. The LRO payload, comprised of six instruments and one technology demonstration, will provide unique and the most comprehensive data set ever returned from the Moon. LRO will create the comprehensive atlas of the Moon s features and resources necessary to design and build the lunar outpost. The LRO mission will enable future exploration and also return lunar data that will significantly advance lunar and planetary science.

4 Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Mission Objectives Locate Potential Resources Hydrogen/water at the lunar poles Continuous solar energy Mineralogy Safe Landing Sites High resolution imagery Global geodetic grid Topography Rock abundances Space Environment Energetic particles Neutrons 11/29/2007

5 LRO Enables Global Lunar Surface Access Near Side North Pole + Far Side LRO Global Topography, Imagery and Resource Maps 17 Aristarchus Plateau Rima Bode Mare Tranquillitatis Oceanus + 12 Procellarum Mare Smythii + Central Farside Highlands + Apollo Panoramic Camera (unregistered) Orientale Basin Floor + 7 Luna Surveyor Apollo Top 10 Lunar Exploration Sites LRO 1m Landing Site Images + South Pole South Pole-Aitken Basin Floor + 11/29/2007 Current Apollo heritage image set only Covers 4 of 10 ESAS sites. LRO extends coverage to entire Moon Most other high priority sites identified lie outside Apollo heritage area

6 LRO Project Implementing Organizations NASA HQ ESMD Program Level Management Level 1 Requirements MSFC LPRP Program Office KSC Launch Services (Lockheed Martin) Southwest Research Institute LAMP GSFC LRO Project Mission Management Mission Operations Spacecraft Bus Ground Data System Arizona State University/MSSS LROC Federal Space Agency of Russia/ Russian Institute for Space Research LEND UCLA/JPL Diviner Boston University/MIT CRaTER Naval Air Warfare Command/SOMD Mini-RF GSFC LOLA 11/29/2007

7 Instrument Navigation/ Landing Site Safety Locate Resources Life in Space Environment CRaTER Cosmic Ray Telescope for the Effects of Radiation High Energy Radiation Radiation effects on human tissue DLRE Diviner Lunar Radiometer Experiment Rock abundance Temperature Mineralogy LAMP Lyman Alpha Mapping Project Surface Ice Image Dark Craters LEND Lunar Exploration Neutron Detector Subsurface Hydrogen Enhancement Localization of Enhancement Neutron Radiation Environment LOLA Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter Slopes Topography/Rock Abundance Geodesy Simulation of Lighting Conditions Crater Topography Surface Ice Reflectivity LROC Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera Rock hazards Small craters Polar Illumination Movies Mineralogy Mini-RF Technology Demonstration

8 Russia Contributes to LRO with LEND Griffin (NASA) Perminov (Roskosmos) Mitrofanov & Chin meet the Russian press Signing of LEND Interim Agreement during SPACE WEEK in Moscow - Oct

9 LRO has international partners IKI provides LEND instrument to LRO Russian student exchange with University of Maryland for LEND data analysis KAGUYA data exchange & coordination with LRO V-SAT farside gravity measurements Laser altimetry data for high latitudes HDTV images for education and public outreach KAGUYA launch blog for the Planetary Society SMART-1 LCROSS impact site characterization Education and public outreach cooperation Chandrayaan-1 has an instrument similar to LRO s Mini-RF with unique opportunity for coordinated observations 11/29/2007

10 LRO Spacecraft Cosmic Ray Telescope for the Effects of Radiation (CRaTER) High Gain Antenna System Instrument Module (LOLA, LROC, LAMP) Spacecraft Bus Solar Array (Deployed) Mini-RF Technology Demo Diviner Lunar Radiometer Experiment (DLRE) ACS Thruster Module (1 of 4) 11/29/2007 Lunar Exploration Neutron Detector (LEND)

11 Half of LRO Mass is Propellant LRO s Data Volume is Enormous LRO Orbiter Characteristics 11/29/2007 Mass (CBE) Dry: 924 kg, 1823 kg Fuel: 898 kg (1263 m/sec) Orbit Average Bus Power 681 W Data Volume, Max Downlink rate 459 Gigabits/day, 100 Megabits/sec Pointing Accuracy, Knowledge 60, 30 arc-sec Solar Array (Deployed)

12 LRO Mission Overview 11/29/2007 Launch in late 2008 on a Atlas V. Co-manifested with LCROSS lunar impactor mission. Direct insertion trajectory to the Moon Propulsion system used to insert into and maintain 50 km mean altitude circular polar orbit around the Moon. Orbiter is a 3-axis stabilized, nadir pointed spacecraft. Data products delivered to 4.00 m Planetary Data Systems (PDS) within 6 months of primary mission completion. Baseline 1 year mission with extended mission options. LRO LCROSS

13 LRO Mission Overview Current Launch Schedule: October 28, 2008 Lunar Orbit Insertion Sequence, 4-6 Days Polar Mapping Phase, 50 km Altitude Circular Orbit, At least 1 Year Minimum Energy Lunar Transfer ~ 4 Days Commissioning Phase, 30 x 216 km Altitude Quasi-Frozen Orbit, Up to 60 Days Nominal End of Mission: February /29/2007

14 LRO Trans-Lunar Trajectory (Looking down on N Pole) Earth LRO Trajectory LRO Speed and Distance Relative to Earth Moon Distance (km) /29/12 0:00 10/30/12 0:00 10/31/12 0:00 11/1/12 0:00 11/2/12 0:00 11/3/12 0:00 11/4/12 0:00 Date

15 Moon LRO Trans-Lunar Trajectory (Looking down on N Pole) Earth LRO Trajectory

16 LRO Speed and Distance Relative to Earth Distance (km) /29/12 0:00 10/30/12 0:00 10/31/12 0:00 11/1/12 0:00 11/2/12 0:00 11/3/12 0:00 11/4/12 0:00 Date

17

18 LRO is in an intense phase of development CY Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Program Control LRO Mission Milestones LRO S/C Des/Fab/Build CRaTER DLRE LAMP LEND LROC LOLA Mini-RF GS/MO Development Implemention & Test Integration and Test Ship/Launch Site Ops Flight Operations AO Select 4/27 SRR 9/27 CDR 11/6 PER 10/28 4/3 LAUNCH PSR NAR IBR ICDR FORR IAR IPDR PDR Network Decision 10/6 2/7 5/17 Phase B Phase C Phase D Solar Mod Phase B GNC HW PDR (9/28) Battery AwardCDR (6/26) Awarded PER (10/5-TBD) PDR (9/14) CDR (5/18) PER (7/31) PER (9/12) CDR (4/13) PER (6/6-completed) PDR (9/21) CDR (6/12) PER (8/28-TBD) PDR (9/8) CDR (5/31) DPDR (10/5) CDR (7/13) PER (8/23-TBD) PDR (5/11) CDR (2/20) PER (TBD) Regt's Peer Review S-Band Award 6/28 6 complete (MRF 2/20) Mission ConOps (Final) GS Release #1 ITP MOR 9/14 WAC/SCS & NAC#1 (1/7) WS1 Test Readiness ITP Ready PM Ready for Integ. for Integ. S.Array PSE PM Ka (Del) to GSFC (12/17) (Del) to GSFC (12/3) (Del) to GSFC (12/17) (Del) to GSFC (12/24) (Del) to GSFC (12/28) 6/17 FLT Battery to I&T (Del) to GSFC (11/19) GS Release #3 GS Release #2 (GS Freeze) (start) Integ. IM Ready Orbiter Testing for Integ. (complete) I&T Testing Envir. Testing Start Orbiter Integ. (complete) Test/Align/Fuel/Install 8/14 LRR Commissioning Complete 10/24 NAC#2 (2/4) (LROC PER 10/31-TBD) Mission Ops Testing Rehearsals/Excercises (complete) LRO Ready for Ship to KSC LAUNCH Nominal Mission (end) Extended Mission

19 LRO Flight Components Avionics Module Harness Assembly LRO Solar Array Panel ETU Avionics Module Radiator Received S-Band Omni Antennas Ka-Band Horn & Polarizer LRO Flight TWT LRO HGA Main Reflector 19

20 RO Spacecraft Hardware Elements to be integrated Flight Instrument Module prepared for testing Flight Propulsion Module Assembly 11/29/2007

21 LRO Cable Mockup and Spacecraft Bus LRO Battery Module LRO Spacecraft Mock-up Star Tracker in Testing Gimbal Control Electronics EM#1 Flight Instrument Module prepared for testing Flight Avionics Panel prior to T-VAC ETU Reaction Wheel Set Up for Testing C&HD (Spacecraft Computer) ETU #1 Solar Array Substrate Pre-Solar cells Spacecraft Flight Power Electronics in Assembly Flight S/C Bus Flight Propulsion Module Assembly 11/29/2007

22 LRO Instrument Development Status CRaTER Engineering Model LOLA Engineering Model Receiver Telescope LAMP Flight Unit LOLA Optical Transceiver Assembly Housing 11/29/2007

23 LRO Instrument Development Status LROC Flight Module Narrow Angle Camera Tube Mini-RF Flight Antenna LROC Flight Module Primary Mirror in Polishing Machine 23

24 Sample of September LRO Accomplishments Diviner Flight Baffles Installed on OBA Signing of LEND Interim Agreement Flight PSE Cards in Test Mini-RF Flight Antenna LAMP MLI Blanket Installation 24

25 LRO Ground System Development Status Ka-S Band Antenna At White Sands S Band Tracking & Telemetry Stations Mission Operations Center at NASA GSFC SOUTH POINT, HAWAII DONGARA, AUSTRALIA 11/29/2007 WEILHEIM, GERMANY

26 LRO Ground Segment Overview Mission Operations Center & Flight Dynamics Facility at GSFC Primary Ground Station at White Sands (Ka & S-Band) Global S-Band TT&C provided by NASA GN & SN. Science Operations Centers (SOC) at PI institutions S-band tracking augmented by laser ranging system to improve accuracy. 11/29/2007

27 11/29/2007 Expected LRO Data Volumes

28 LRO Project Science Working Group Meeting (PSWG) convened representatives of many nations East West Center, University of Hawaii November 2006 Prof. Kato, KAGUYA Chief Scientist 11/29/2007 Prof. Mitrofanov, LRO LEND PI Bernard Foing ESA/ILEWG

29 The format of the PSWG meeting has both plenary and breakout sessions and is designed to: Capture the collective wisdom from all participants Greater emphasis on discussion rather than presentations Facilitator solicits discussions from diverse points of view Reporter captures discussion while enabling the facilitator Presentations bring breakout results to plenary for consensus and further comments Formulate strategies for implementation In a nutshell - Opportunities, Obstacles, and Options 11/29/2007

30 Five breakout sessions on topics for potential international collaboration & cooperation among all lunar missions 1. Employing a standard lunar coordinate system Maria Zuber, Facilitator Brent Archinal & Lisa Gaddis, Recorders 2. Establishing a standard set of calibration targets for instrument calibration and comparison Carle Pieters, Facilitator David Smith, Recorder 3. Formulating opportunities for scientific collaborations among missions Alan Stern, Facilitator John Keller, Recorder 4. Facilitating international access of data from all missions in a standard format Susan Slavney, FacilitatorEd Guiness, Recorder 5. Coordinating a program of international education and public outreach (EPO) based on lunar exploration Cherilynn Morrow, Facilitator Stephanie Stockman, Recorder 11/29/2007

31 The LRO Education and Public Outreach Plan Stephanie Stockman SSAI-NASA GSFC

32 JAXA & LRO supported a blog of the KAGUYA Launch for The Planetary Society Can we do more of this among the international missions for a broader world-wide audience? KAGUYA Launched 14 Sept 2007 Tanegashima, Japan

33 A PROPOSED STRATEGY FOR INTERNATIONAL LRO EPO COORDINATION derived from the results of the International EPO Breakout Group (C. Morrow, facilitator) at the November 2006 LRO Project Science Working Group Meeting in Honolulu, HI INTERNATIONAL LUNAR MISSIONS INTERNATIONAL PROFESSIONAL SOCIETIES & WORKING GROUPS LRO EPO Intl Planetarium Society Planetary Society Intl Lunar Exploration WG LRO Project Science WG AGU/EGU Etc.. GLOBALIZING EPO PROGRAMS SMART-1 s Images & Adopt-a-Crater SELENE s High-Definition TV images M 3 EPO for Chandrayaan European Student Moon Orbiter etc. INTERNATIONAL YEARS & DECADES GLOBE Networks of remote telescopes Lunar Student Imaging JPL s Visualization Alliance (Sci Centers & Planetariums) UN Basic Space Science in Developing Countries International Lunar Decade International Heliophysical Year & International Polar Year International Year of Planet Earth International Year of Astronomy

34 Summary Important initial steps taken Important to keep the momentum of the LRO PSWG going Keep on talking to as many international missions and organizations as possible Meeting report published in Chin, Keller and Morrow, Lunar Planetary Information Bulletin, May 2007, Issue 110, downloadable 11/29/2007