How Supernova Progenitors Affect the Explosions

Transcription

1 How Supernova Progenitors Affect the Explosions Progenitor System Single vs. Double Degenerate Circumstellar Material Progenitor Composition Metal Abundance

2 Sullivan et al. 21

3 Sullivan et al. 21

4 Patat et al. 27 Time

5 High-Resolution Spectra Probe Gas A 1.2 B Normalized Flux Blue SN28ec Na D2 Jul 18, 28 Na D1 Jul 18, 28 Normalized Flux SN27sa Na D2 Jan 23, 28 Na D1 Jan 23, 28 Red C D 1 Normalized Flux Single SN27sr Na D2 Jan 17, 28 Na D1 Jan 17, 28 Normalized Flux Sym SN27fs Na D2 Jul 19, 27 Na D1 Jul 19, Relative Velocity [km s 1 ] Relative Velocity [km s 1 ] 1 Sternberg et al. 211

6 Equal Blue/Redshifted Fraction for ISM

7 Many SN Ia Progenitors Have Winds SNe Ia Blueshifted Redshifted Single/Symmetric 22.7% 54.6% 22.7% Sternberg et al. 211

8 Optical Spectrum to Measure Velocity 1 8 High Velocity Flux + Constant Low Velocity Rest Wavelength (Å) Silicon

9 Measure Silicon Velocity 1 High Velocity: ~ -13, km s -1 8 Flux + Constant Low Velocity: ~ -1, km s -1 Wider Lines With Higher Velocity Rest Wavelength (Å)

10 Si II Velocity at Maximum Brightness (1 3 km s 1 ) Δm 15 (B) (mag) Foley, Sanders, & Kirshner 211

11 2 Values of RV? High Velocity Low Velocity AV Figure 4. Wang et al. 29 Vol. 699 RV = AV/E(B-V)

12 2 Values of RV? M V.75(Δm ) (mag) Normal SNe Ia High Velocity SNe Ia 121 SNe 2 Classes Raises RV (More like Milky Way) E(B V) host (mag) Foley & Kasen 211

13 B V Color.4.2 App.Color Inferred.Intr.Locus Inferred.Intr.Color.2.6 B R Color B I Color Si II velocity (1 km/s)

14 Si II Linear Function versus Constant Mean Color Si II vel (1 km/s) Number of SN Ia Change in Modal A V Estimate

15 B V Color.4.2 Inferred.Intr.Locus App.Color Inferred.Intr.Color B R Color B I Color Si II velocity (1 km/s)

16 9 Si II Step Function versus Constant Mean Color 1 Si II vel (1 km/s) Number of SN Ia Change in Modal A V Estimate

17 2 Values of RV? High Velocity Low Velocity AV Figure 4. Wang et al. 29 Vol. 699 RV = AV/E(B-V)

18 Si II Velocity at Maximum (1 3 km s 1 ) Full SN Ia Sample Blueshifted Redshifted B Max V Max (mag) Foley et al., 212a

19 Ca II Velocity at Maximum (1 3 km s -1 ) σ Result Low High Mass Host-Galaxy Mass (log M O ) Number Foley 212b

20 Wang et al. 213

21 Wang et al. 213

22 Wang et al. 213

23 Outer and Inner Layers Linked a 21 Expectation b 21 v Si (km s 1 d 1 ) dt Faint 7on 86G 94D 9N 9ab 4eo 2er 6X HVG 2bo 97bp 7sr 2dj Redshift 3 3hv 98aq 98bu 5cf 3du cx LVG 1el 3 Blueshift Low c Number Velocity Gradient Number 4 2 LVG HVG v neb (1 3 km s 1 ) High Velocity Gradient

24 Metallicity Changes 56 Ni Yield Timmes et al. 23

25 Metallicity a (Big?) Systematic Different Metallicity, Same Light-Curve Shape, Different Luminosity Increased Scatter Bias with Redshift? Mazzali & Podsiadlowski 26

26 Metallicity Changes UV, Not Optical Log F λ ζ=1 ζ=3 ζ=1 ζ=1/3 ζ=1/1 ζ=1/ λ (Angstroms) Lentz et al. 2

27 Twin SNe Same in Optical 1 8 SN 211fe SN 211by Relative f λ Rest Wavelength (Å) Foley & Kirshner 213

28 Twin SNe Same in Optical 8 9 I 2 Apparent Brightness (mag) R 1 V B Rest frame Days Relative to B Maximum Foley & Kirshner 213

29 Twin SNe Different in UV Relative log(f λ ) Rest Wavelength (Å) Foley & Kirshner 213

30 Twin SNe Different in UV Relative f SN 211fe SN 211by Rest Wavelength (Å) Foley & Kirshner 213

31 Different Metallicity Progenitors 4 1 / 2 =1/1 Flux Ratio / 2 =1/3 1 / 2 =1/1 1 / 2 =1/3 11fe/11by Rest Wavelength (Å) Foley & Kirshner 213