Fast Photon Detection for the COMPASS RICH Detector
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1 Fast Photon Detection for the COMPASS RICH Detector COMPASS Christian Schill Universität Freiburg, Physikalisches Institut on behalf of the COMPASS RICH Upgrade Group Introduction Motivation of the RICH upgrade Design & construction of the fast RICH detector: - fused silica lenses and multi-anode photomultipliers - dead-time free read-out electronics based on F1 TDC First 2006 detector data Innovative Particle and Radiation Detectors - Siena 2006
2 The COMPASS Experiment COmmon Muon Proton Apparatus for Structure and Spectroscopy (270 physicists, 25 institutes, 11 countries) Investigation of the spin structure of the nucleon: high luminosity: ~ 4 ٠ cm -2 s -1 fixed target high energy µ + or hadron beams LHC COMPASS SPS
3 The COMPASS spectrometer µ Filter Calorimeters Ring Imaging Cherenkov detector 50 m µ beam Target Micromegas Silicon Gems SciFi Drift chambers Straws MWPC coverage of wide kinematic range: 10-5 < x < < Q 2 < 100 GeV 2 excellent particle identification: reconstruction of D-mesons
4 RICH before upgrade 3 m 6 m vessel photon detectors: CsI MWPC mirror wall 5 m radiator: C 4 F 10 radiator gas: C 4 F 10 mirrors: 20 m 2 surface photon-detectors: multi-wire proportional chambers with CsI-photocathodes angular acceptance: ± 250 mrad horizontal, ± 200 mrad vertical read-out: channels
5 Motivation of the RICH upgrade Previous read-out: MWPC+Gassiplex-chip, integration time 3 µs In the centre: overlap of many events µhalo Experimental environment: large photon flux in the centre (µ-halo) many overlapping rings in the centre New photon detection with MAPMT: excellent time resolution ( 1 ns) halo muon rings rejected using the time information In addition: high rate operation increased trigger rates: previously: 20 khz now up to: 100 khz overlay of many events no dead time (previously: 4.7 µs)
6 Upgrade of the RICH detector Central CsI photocathodes replaced by multianode photomultipliers with lens telescopes 576 MAPMT Individual lens telescopes Readout: MAD4 chip and high resolution F1 TDC new readout electronics with APV chips for the outer part time resolution: 4 µs 400 ns
7 New APV readout of MWPC fast readout system based on the APV analogue preamplifier connected to 12 bit pipeline ADCs 3 amplitude samples per trigger > reconstruction of hit time low deadtime readout rates up to 100 khz possible ADC card frontend cards with APV chips
8 RICH upgrade with MAPMT Expected performances: CsI MAPMT N ph /ring (before 14) at saturation σ ring 0.4 mrad (0.6 mrad) theta (mrad) theta(mrad) vs p (GeV/c) - pion, kaon K p (GeV/c) PID capability extended by increase in number of γ π 2σ π/k separation up to p 50 GeV/c (before p 40 GeV/c)
9 Hamamatsu H M16 photomultiplier number of detected Cherenkov photons increased compared to CsI-photocathodes: larger wavelength range 2 cm bialkali photocathode 18 x 18 mm 2 active area 16 pixel (4.5 x 4.5 mm) UV transparent borosilicate glass window 300 ps time resolution PMT
10 Shielding of the spectrometer magnet field PMT in soft iron box Shielding from the residual field of the 2 Tesla open spectrometer magnet few meters away (fringe field at PMT location 200 G) bialkali photocathode 18 x 18 mm 2 active area 16 pixel (4.5 x 4.5 mm) UV transparent borosilicate glass window 300 ps time resolution PMT
11 576 lens-telescopes 16-channel photomultiplier lenses, spherical surfaces aspherical surface planar surface focussing of Cherenkov photons on MAPMTs (factor 7) > 12 x 12 mm effective pixels 2 Lens-system: UV-transparent quartz lenses large geometrical acceptance (± 9.5 ) optimized by MC-Simulation γ 5 cm
12 Analogue read-out electronics: MAD4 preamplifier up to 1 MHz / channel low noise 5-7 fc single photon PMT signal 1 pc (at 900 V) clear separation signal / noise further development by INFN TORINO: CMAD in 2007 up to 5 MHz / channel MAD4 card 4 cm input signal: 100 fc 1 pc
13 Digital read-out electronics: DREISAM card 64 channels per card, compact solution optical data transfer (40 MByte/s) high rates per channel khz trigger rate time resolution < 120 ps based on dead time free F1-TDC complete digitalisation on the detector Connector to MAD4 8 F1-TDCs
14 Read-out electronics of the MAPMTs ¼ of PMT detector DREISAM (TDC-F1) MAD4 & roof boards water cooling MAPMT 60 cm 60 cm
15 Installation of full detector ½or RICH detector Full detector assembled, installed & commissioned Successfull data taking since July 2006
16 First look on 2006 RICH data number of photons time spectrum excellent background suppression Cherenkov photons from physics events channel in y Cherenkov rings 1000 photons from µ-halo ns time of Cherenkovphoton rel. to trigger physics event with several hadrons with Cherenkov rings channel in x
17 Summary Performance of the upgraded MAPMT-RICH (2006 data, preliminary): Number of photons per ring at saturation: 65 (before 14) Time resolution: 1 ns (3 µs) Ring resolution: 0.36 mrad (0.6 mrad) Excellent suppression of background from µ-halo preliminary 2006 Excellent performance of the upgraded RICH stay tuned for many interesting physics results from COMPASS
18 Summary Performance of the upgraded MAPMT-RICH (2006 data, preliminary): Number of photons per ring at saturation: 65 (before 14) Time resolution: 1 ns (3 µs) Ring resolution: 0.36 mrad (0.6 mrad) Excellent suppression of background from µ-halo theta (mrad) pions kaons protons Excellent performance of the upgraded RICH stay tuned for many interesting physics results from COMPASS p (GeV/c)
19 Thanks to many colleagues The COMPASS RICH upgrade team: P.Abbon(11), M.Alekseev(12), H.Angerer(9), M. Apollonio(13), R.Birsa(13), P.Bordalo(7), F.Bradamante(13), A.Bressan(13), L.Busso(12), M.Chiosso(12), P.Ciliberti(13), M.L.Colantoni(1), S.Costa(12), N.Dibiase(12), T.Dafni(11), S.Dalla Torre(13), V.Diaz(13), V.Duic(13), E.Delagnes(11), H.Deschamps(11), W.Eyrich(4), D.Faso(12), A.Ferrero(12), M.Finger(10), M.Finger Jr(10), H.Fischer(5), S.Gerassimov(9), M.Giorgi(13), B.Gobbo(13), R. Hagemann(5), D.von Harrach(8), F.H.Heinsius(5), R. Joosten(2), B.Ketzer(9), K.Königsmann(5), V.N. Kolosov(3), I.Konorov(9), D.Kramer(6), F.Kunne(11), S. Levorato(13), A.Maggiora(12), A.Magnon(11), A.Mann(9), A.Martin(13), G.Menon(13), A.Mutter(5), O. Nähle(2), D.Neyret(11), F.Nerling(5), P.Pagano(13), S.Paul(9), S.Panebianco(11), D.Panzieri(1), G.Pesaro(13),C. Pizzolotto(4), J. Polak(6), P.Rebourgeard(11), E. Rocco(13), F.Robinet(11), P.Schiavon(13), C.Schill*(5), P.Schoenmeier(4), L.Silva(7), M.Slunecka(10), L.Steiger(10), F.Sozzi(13), M.Sulc(6), M.Svec(6), F.Tessarotto(13), A.Teufel(4), H. Wollny(5) (1) INFN, Sezione di Torino and Universita del East Piemonte, Alessandria, Italy (2) Universität Bonn, Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Bonn, Germany (3) CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, Geneva, Switzerland (4) Universität Erlangen Nürnberg, Physikalisches Institut, Erlangen, Germany (5) Universität Freiburg, Physikalisches Institut, Freiburg, Germany (6) Technical University of Liberec, Liberec, Czech Republic (7) LIP, Lisbon, Portugal (8) Universität Mainz, Institut für Kernphysik, Mainz, Germany (9) Technische Universität München, Physik Department, Garching, Germany (10) Charles University, Praga, Czech Republic and JINR, Dubna, Russia (11) CEA Saclay, DSM/DAPNIA, Gif-sur-Yvette, France (12) INFN, Sezione di Torino and Universita di Torino, Torino, Italy (13) INFN, Sezione di Trieste and Universita di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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