Auger FD: Detector Response to Simulated Showers and Real Event Topologies

Transcription

1 Auger FD: Detector Response to Simulated Showers and Real Event Topologies L.Perrone for the Auger Collaboration Wuppertal University (Germany) CRIS 2004 Cosmic Ray International Seminar GZK and Surroundings Catania - June 4, 2004

2 Outlook Overview on the concept of simulation and reconstruction for the fluorescence detector of the Auger Observatory Performance of FD monocular reconstruction for a large statistics of CORSIKA simulated showers. [No quality cuts applied so far] Trigger efficiency Geometry Energy Estimate primary mass dependence A few real event displays showing different detection topologies

3 Simulation:simplified flow sketch For each X NFADC= cal Nphot ; Nphot ~ Nch * Yield_fl * l * A / 4π r2 * Tatm Nch : longitudinal profile parametrization or full simulation Tatm: photon transport through the atmosphere up to the diaphragm [fluorescence+cherenkov] NFADC: detector response trigger simulation FADC traces in real data format

4 Reconstruction:simplified flow sketch For each ti NFADC= cal Nphot ; Nphot ~ Nch * Yield_fl * l * A / 4π r2 * Tatm Geometry: SDP shower axis Longitudinal Profile: Nmax Xmax [Cherenkov subtraction] Energy: [correct for the ``missing energy' ' ]

5 The Simulation Samples Sample V 800 vertical CORSIKA showers, half protons, half irons in set of 100 showers of fixed energy. Energy ranges between and ev Sample D Low (mostly low energy) 10 18< E < ev 8000 CORSIKA showers, half protons, half irons with energy and zenith angle distribution dn/de E 2 dn/dϑ sinϑcosϑ CORSIKA 6.0 Lyon CCIN2P3 cos Log10(E/eV) ϑ

6 Chain steerings... Simulation CORSIKA showers have been simulated in the center of Bay4 (Los Leones), with core location increasing in step of 5 km, starting at 10 km away from the eye Reconstruction Assumptions on atmosphere, detector calibration and fluorescence yield calculation have been chosen consistently along the simulation reconstruction chain

7 A preliminary test... We have run the simulation reconstruction chain for 10 proton induced CORSIKA showers with geometry and primary energy based on a preliminary reconstruction of a hybrid event True values Zenith=26o Azimuth= 163o Energy= ev [core distance (from bay4, Los Leones) = km]

8 simulated simulation real real data preliminary

9 Trigger Efficiency Sample V monocular Overall E > ev Core_distance (km)...as a function of Log10 (E/eV)

10 Trigger Efficiency monocular Overall E > 1018 ev dn/de E 2 Sample D Low...as a function of Log10(E/eV) Core_distance (km)...as a function of cosθ

11 Trigger Efficiency: a study with shower parametrizations Towards a full simulation of the FD Aperture Effective Hybrid areas in km2 km 2 Stereo trigger efficiency Mono Stereo 3 FD 4 FD Log10(E/eV)

12 10 km true value Y ( km) Y ( km) Core X/Y resolution true value 15 km true value X ( km) 20 km 25 km Y ( km) Y ( km) X ( km) Sample V true value X ( km) X ( km)

13 Core X resolution: cumulative plot Sample V mean (Xgen Xrec) in units of km Core_distance (km) σ (Xgen Xrec) in units of km Core_distance (km)

14 Energy resolution Sample V 20 km 15 km 10 km 7% 6% 6% Log10(Egen/Erec) Log10(E gen/e rec) Log10(Egen/Erec) FWHM

15 Xmax resolution: cumulative plot mean (Xmax,gen Xmax,rec) in units of g/cm² Core_distance (km) Sample V σ (Xmax,gen Xmax,rec) in units of g/cm² Core_distance (km)

16 Xmax resolution: differential plot σ (Xmax,gen Xmax,rec) in units of g/cm² integral Core_distance (km) differential Sample V

17 Core X/Y resolution at 10 km rms~0.8 km ygen yrec (km) Core_Y (km) Sample D Low rms~0.3 km true value xgen xrec(km) Core_X (km)

18 Core X/Y resolution at 15 km rms~2.5 km ygen yrec (km) Core_Y (km) Sample D Low true value rms~0.8 km xgen xrec(km) Core_X (km)

19 Core X resolution: cumulative plot Sample D Low mean (Xgen Xrec) in units of km Core_distance (km) σ (Xgen Xrec) in units of km Core_distance (km)

20 Zenith angle resolution Sample D Low 20 km 15 km 10 km 2.2o 1.6o 1.1o ϑ gen ϑ rec(deg) ϑgen ϑrec(deg) ϑgen ϑrec(deg) FWHM

21 Zenith angle resolution: cumulative plot Sample D Low mean (ϑgen ϑrec) in units of deg Core_distance (km) σ (ϑgen ϑrec) in units of deg Core_distance (km)

22 Energy resolution Sample D Low 20 km 15 km 10 km >50% 23% 11% Log10(Egen/Erec) Log10(E gen/e rec) Log10(Egen/Erec) FWHM

23 Energy resolution for protons and irons Sample D Low 10 km Protons 11% Log10(Egen/Erec) Irons 9% Log10(Egen/Erec)

24 Xmax resolution for protons and irons cumulative plot Sample D Low mean (Xmax,gen Xmax,rec) in units of g/cm² Core_distance (km) σ (Xmax,gen Xmax,rec) in units of g/cm² Core_distance (km)

25 Xmax distribution for protons and irons Sample D Low irons generated.vs.reconstructed dn/de E 2 protons dn/de E 2 15 km Mean (g/cm2) p rec 759 p gen 733 Fe rec 674 Fe gen 651 Sigma (g/cm2)

26 Summary tables: monocular reconstruction Sample V Vertical, fixed energy < E < ev Sample D Low 10 km (20 km) Resolution 1 (2 ) Zenith R 300 m (5000 m) Xmax 25 g/cm2 (110 g/cm2) Energy 11% (23%) Sample V 10 km (25 km) Resolution 1 (2 ) Zenith R 100 m (900 m) Xmax 15 g/cm2 (50 g/cm2) Energy 6% (10%) Sample D Low dn/de E 2 dn/dϑ sinϑcosϑ E >1018eV

27 Estimated hybrid reconstruction quality Statistical errors only! E(eV) dir ( ) Core (m) E/E (%) Xmax o g/cm2 68% error bounds given detector is optimized for 1019eV, but good hybrid reconstruction quality also at lower energy statistical errors only zenith angles < 60 O

28 FD Real event topologies (1) (present) Mono: at least 1 mirror in any eye out of four Multi mirror: at least 2 adjacent mirror in any eye out of four Stereo: at least 2 mirror in 2 different eyes Hybrid: at least 1 mirror in any eye in time coincidence with a signal from SD Stereo Hybrid: at least 2 mirror in 2 different eyes in time coincidence with a signal from SD

29 FD Real event topologies (2) (present) Mono: at least 1 mirror in any eye out of four Multi mirror: at least 2 adjacent mirror in any eye out of four Stereo: at least 2 mirror in 2 different eyes Hybrid: at least 1 mirror in any eye in time coincidence with a signal from SD Stereo Hybrid: at least 2 mirror in 2 different eyes in time coincidence with a signal from SD

30 FD Real event topologies (3) (present) Mono: at least 1 mirror in any eye out of four Multimirror: at least 2 adjacent mirror in any eye out of four Stereo: at least 2 mirror in 2 different eyes Hybrid: at least 1 mirror in any eye in time coincidence with a signal from SD Stereo Hybrid: at least 2 mirror in 2 different eyes in time coincidence with a signal from SD

31 FD Real event topologies (4) (present) Mono: at least 1 mirror in any eye out of four Multimirror: at least 2 adjacent mirror in any eye out of four Stereo: at least 2 mirror in 2 different eyes Hybrid: at least 1 mirror in any eye in time coincidence with a signal from SD Stereo Hybrid: at least 2 mirror in 2 different eyes in time coincidence with a signal from SD

32 FD Real event topologies (5) (present) Mono: at least 1 mirror in any eye out of four Multimirror: at least 2 adjacent mirror in any eye out of four Stereo: at least 2 mirror in 2 different eyes Hybrid: at least 1 mirror in any eye in time coincidence with a signal from SD Stereo Hybrid: at least 2 mirror in 2 different eyes in time coincidence with a signal from SD

33 FD Real event topologies (6) (future) 3(4) FD Hybrid: at least 3(4) mirror in 3(4) different eyes in time coincidence with a signal from SD

34 26 October...a stereo hybrid Coihueco Pr eli mi na ry Los Leones y r a n i m i l e Pr

35 23 February...multi mirror hybrid Pr eli mi na ry Los Leones Preliminary! Zenith Azimuth Energy FD SD 67.2o 69.2o 106o 91o 45 EeV y r a n i m i l e Pr

36 27 February...nice stereo hybrid Ne maximum = 1.4x1010 Los Leones Coihueco Preliminary! FD(LL) SD Zenith 36.9o 35,8o Azimuth 173o 173o Energy 21.7 EeV 21.3 EeV ary n i lim e r P

37 April: a couple (among a few more) of stereo events Los Leones Coihueco Los Leones Coihueco

38 Pr bay1...end of February eli mi na ry May: a hybrid with bay1 (Los Leones)... ary n i lim e r P

39 Summary The performance of the Auger FD monocular reconstruction has been discussed for a large statistics of CORSIKA simulated showers (No quality cuts applied so far) The geometry reconstruction looks fine up to 25 (15) km away from (distributed) showers the eye for vertical The energy resolution (statistical fluctuation only) stays within 10% up to 25 km away from the eye for vertical showers (1018< E < 1020 ev) The shown resolutions fulfill the expectation. Stereo and/or hybrid detection will further improve them The technical performance of the detector for the expected different topologies is fully satisfactory