AP Environmental Science Math Problems

Transcription

1 Name AP Environmental Science Math Problems After reviewing APES Math Prep and suggested resources. Please answer the following questions. Solve the problems to the questions using the Math answer sheets provided. I will only be collecting the MATH ANSWER SHEET (not this entire packet). You are NOT allowed to use a calculator on the AP Exam, do your best to do all calculations by hand. Remember to put the units for the answer in all problems that have units. You will not receive credit without showing ALL work. 1. What is ten thousand times one hundred million? Show your work in scientific notation. Give the answer in scientific notation and in words. 2. A population of deer had 325 individuals. If the population grows by 16% in one year, how many deer will there be the next year? 3. One year I had 124 AP Environmental Science students and the next year I had 87 Environmental Science students. What percentage did the population of APES students decrease by? (round to the nearest tenth) 4. Electricity costs 7 cents per kilowatt hour. In one month, one home uses 1.8 megawatt hours of electricity. How much will the electric bill be? (be sure to look at the prefixes chart on the previous page for the conversion of kilo to mega) 5. Your car gets 21 miles to the gallon and your friend s car gets 28 miles to the gallon. You decide to go on a road trip to Colorado State University, which is 314 miles away. If gas costs $4 per gallon and you decide to split the gas money, how much money will each of you save in gas by driving your friend s car? 6. Virginia Beach is about 20 miles wide and 28 miles long. If one inch of rain falls on Virginia Beach, how many cubic feet of rain fell on Virginia Beach? (Hint: convert all units to feet first) 7. The concentration of mercury in a water supply changes from 10 ppm (parts per million) to 56 ppm over a tenyear period. What is the percentage change of the mercury concentration? What is the rate of change? 8. Consider a wind turbine that is rated at 1.5 MW (megawatts) per hour. This means that with sufficiently high winds, it will produce 1.5 MW or 1,500 kw (kilowatts) of power. If this wind turbine runs at its rated power of 100% of the time for a full year, how much energy would it produce in a year? Give your answer in kwh/year (kilowatt hours per year)

2 9. SHOW YOUR WORK for the following multiplication and division problems. You can use a calculator to check your work, but I want to see that you understand how to solve these problems by hand. Just like on the AP exam, no credit is given if you don t show your work. a x 16.9 b x c x 10-3 x 2.17 d. 2362/71.9 e. 0.08/ f x 10 4 /0.250

3 Name Practice Interpreting Data SCIENCE GRAPH PREP The following questions are to help you practice reading information shown on a graph. Answer each question on the separate answer sheet that follows the problems. 1. Identify the graph that matches each of the following stories: a. I had just left home when I realized I had forgotten my books so I went back to pick them up. b. Things went fine until I had a flat tire. c. I started out calmly, but sped up when I realized I was going to be late. 2. Answer these questions about the graph on the right: a. How many total miles did the car travel? b. What was the average speed of the car for the trip? c. Describe the motion of the car between hours 5 and 12? From d. What direction is represented by line CD? e. How many miles were traveled in the first two hours of the trip? f. Which line represents the fastest speed?

4 3. Answer these questions about the graph at the right: a. What is the dependent variable on this graph? b. Does the price per bushel always increase with demand? c. What is the demand when the price is 5$ per bushel? 4. Answer these questions about the graph below: a. How much rain fell in Mar of 1989? b. How much more rain fell in Feb of 1990 than in Feb of 1989? c. Which year had the most rainfall? d. What is the wettest month on the graph? 5. Answer these questions about the data table to the right: a. What is the independent variable on this table? b. What is the dependent variable on this table? c. How many elements are represented on the table? d. Which element has the highest ionization energy? Atomic Number Ionization Energy (volts) e. Describe the shape of the line graph that this data would produce?

5 Practice Making Graphs Use the following steps to create graphs and answer questions for each of the problems below. All your work will go on separate answer sheet. 1. Identify the variables. The independent variable is controlled by the experimenter. The dependent variable changes as the independent variable changes. The independent variable will go on the X axis and the dependent on the Y axis. 2. Determine the variable range. Subtract the lowest data value from the highest data value. 3. Determine the scale of the graph. The graph should use as much of the available space as possible. Each line of the scale must go up in equal increments. For example, you can go 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, etc. but you cannot go 1, 3, 9, 34, 50, etc. Increments of 1, 2, 5, 10, or 100 are commonly used but you should use what works best for the given data. 4. Number and label each axis. 5. Plot the data. If there are multiple sets of data on one graph, distinguish the data sets by using a different color, a different line type (e.g., solid, dashed, etc.) or a different data point shape for each. 6. Draw a smooth, best-fit line for each data set. 7. Title the graph. Titles should explain exactly what the graph is showing and are sometimes long. Don t be afraid of a long title! 8. Create a key to the graph if there is more than one set of data. Problem 6 Age of the tree Average thickness of the annual rings in cm. in years Forest A Forest B The thickness of the annual rings indicates what type of environmental situation was occurring at the time of its development. A thin ring usually indicates a rough period of development which could result from lack of water, forest fires, or a major insect infestation. On the other hand, a thick ring indicates just the opposite. A. Make a line graph of the data. B. What is the dependent variable? C. What is the independent variable? D. What was the average thickness of the annual rings of 40 year old trees in Forest A? E. Based on these data, what can you conclude about Forest A and Forest B?

6 Problem 7 A. Make a line graph of the data. B. What is the dependent variable? C. What is the independent variable? D. What is the average ph in this experiment? E. What is the average number of tadpoles per sample? ph of Water Number of Tadpoles F. What is the optimum water ph for tadpole development? G. Between what two ph readings is there the greatest change in tadpole number? H. How many tadpoles would you expect to find in water with a ph reading of 5.0? Problem 8 Ethylene is a plant hormone that causes fruit to mature. The data in the table below concerns the amount of time it takes for fruit to mature from the time of the first application of ethylene by spraying a field of trees. A. Make a line graph of the data. B. What is the dependent variable? C. What is the independent variable? Amount of Days to maturity ethylene in Wine sap Golden ml/m² Apples Apples Gala Apples

7 Name Summer Assignment, 2016 APES