Design of Brushless DC motor Drive System for Electric Vehicle Applications Yueying ZHU1,2, a, Xu CAO1,b,Shihai CUI1,2

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1 nd Intenational Confeene on Advanes in Mehanial Engineeing and Industial Infomatis (AMEII 016) Design of Bushless DC moto Dive System fo Eleti Vehile Appliations Yueying ZHU1,, a, Xu CAO1,b,Shihai CUI1, 1 College of Mehanial Engineeing, Tianjin Univesity of Siene and Tehnology, Tianjin, 300, China Tianjin Key Laboatoy of Integated Design and Online Monitoing fo Light Industy & Food Mahiney and Equipment, Tianjin, 300, China a hityueying99@163.om, b haoaoxu666@163.om Keywods: bushless DC moto; ontol system; mathematial model; simulation Abstat. With its advantages of good toque and speed haateistis, highspeed dynami esponse, the bushless DC moto is gadually beoming the fist hoie fo eleti vehiles. In ode to effetively solve the bushless DC moto ontol poblems aused by the nonlinea haateistis, so that this type of moto an be pefeably applied in eleti vehiles. In this study, aong to the nonlinea haateistis of bushless DC moto, the mathematial model is established. Rotating speed and uent dualloop ontol is seleted as the ontol stategy, The ontol system is analyzed and simulated, the simulation model of the dive moto is established in the MATLAB/Simulink. And dynami diving haateistis of the moto ae analyzed. The simulation esults show that mathematial model is auate. In this design, no stati speed ffeene an be ealized and the moto an be quikly stated and boke. The study has geat signifiane in impoving the eleti vehile dynami pefomane and battey effiieny, as well as ineasing the diving ange. Intodution The fundamental haateisti of Bushless DC moto is that it eplaes the tational mehanial ommutation with a eletoni ommutation omposed of a logi iuit and a powe swith iuit, it tansfom the DC powe into AC powe and then sent the AC uent to the moto stato winngs aong to a etain ode to podue a stato magneti field pepenula to the oto magneti field. Bushless DC moto has many outstanng advantages suh as it an get bette toque speed haateistis, it has a high speed dynami esponse, high effiieny, long life, low noise and high speed. The ontol system woking envionment is dynami, and the othe paties of the moto ae often unpetable. This equies the moto an be not only ontolled auately, but also an be atively ontolled. Many eseahes have been ommitted to pefet and impove the pefomane of the moto. In the simulation design of this pape, a speed and uent double losed loop bushless DC moto ontol system is established using MATLAB/Simulink, the simulation tehnology oiented eletial shemati agam. It simulates the ontol system and analyzes the system pefomane aong to the simulation. The mathematial model establishment and analysis of the bushless DC moto Twophase ondution sta shape with theephase and sixstatus is used in the study fo its advantages of simple ontol and exellent pefomane. Beause of the gap magneti field, ounte eletomotive foe and uent ae nonsinusoidal, staight and oss axis oonation is not an effetive method of analysis. The phase vaiables of the moto itself ae used to establish the mathematial model. Fo simpliity, the assumptions ae as follows: (1) The magneti indution of the moto gap is in tapezoidal stution in spae. () The stato slot an be ignoed The authos Published by Atlantis Pess 1155

2 (3) The gap magneti flux an be ignoed in the eation. (4) Hysteesis and eddy uent losses ae ignoable. (5) The theephase winngs ae ompletely symmetial. Sine the oto elutane does not vay with the oto position, theefoe, self and mutual elutane of the state winngs ae onstant, and the voltage balane equation of the phase winngs an be expessed as: ua 0 0 L M M ub = 0 0 M L M u 0 0 i M M L d ea i e Whee u a u b u ae the voltage of the stato winngs, i a i b i is the uent of the stato winngs, e a e b e ae the eletomotive foe of the stato winngs, is the esistane of eah stato winng, L is the mutual elutane in eah winng, M is the mutual elutane in eah two winngs. Sine the theephase winngs ae in the sta onnetion, i a i b i =0, theefoe, Mi a Mi b Mi =0, so the fomula an be expessed as: ua 0 0 L M 0 ub = L M u 0 0 i ea d 0 L M i e The equivalent iuit of the Bushless DC moto an be obtained. Whee U s is DC voltage, VT1 VT6 ae powe swithing devies, VD1 VD6 ae feewheeling odes, and =LM, the phase uent and eletomotive foe etions in the figue ae the positive etion. B Bδ (1) () Us VT1 VD1 VT3 VD3 VT5 VD5 A B C ia i ea e 0 e π π 3π a) ω t π VT4 VD4 VT6 VD6 VT VD π 0 1 π 6 π 5 6 π 3π ω t π b) Figue1 The equivalent iuit of the Bushless DC Figue The wavefom of flux density and ounte eletomotive foe The main magneti flux density of the moto gap stution wavefom Bδ an be seen in the figue a), the ounte eletomotive foe wavefom with 10 flat top wih an be seen in the figue b). Futhemoe, the line voltage model of the bushless DC moto an be desed in(3) and (4). a L M ia a ( e i e) = 0 b L M ( L M i e) = Us (3) ia i = 0 d M b b ( L i e i e) = Us (4) i = 0 The simulation of the bushless DC moto ontol system in the MATLAB/Simulink In the figue 3, the DC powe module in Simulink/SimPowe System is etly used, and the voltage is 450V. 1156

3 Figue 3 The DC powe module Figue 4 The hange phase logi ontol module The ontol signal of invete bidge swithing devie an be obtained by the ombination of Hall senso signal, PMW signal and speed deviation signal deode. The funtion an be ealized by the hange phase logi ontol module. So that the invese hange bidge ontol and the evesle speed egulation an be ealized. The module an be seen as the figue 4. Figue5 The ASR module Figue6 The ACR module Figue7 The level onvete and geneating link The speed and uent doubleloop ontol is used in the study, fo the inne is speed loop, and the uent is the oute loop. The ASR and the ACR an be seen in the figue5 and 6. PI ontolle is used in the module. The ontol of level onvesion and the PMW stutue ae shown in the figue7.abs is the absolute value funtion in MATLAB, the uent egulation signals an be onveted to positive value and passed to the geneato by it. Fn is SFuntion, a kind of system funtion. The uent signal an be tansfeed into the PMW duty atio by Fn. The PMW geneato is Disete PWM Geneato module in Simulink. The system simulation and esult analysis (1) Stat and step load simulation Respetively, at the time of 0.1s, the speed of 000/s and the load of 3N m is given to the moto. The esults an be obtained afte the simulation in the Simulink, they an be seen at the following figues. Figue8 The speed esponse Figue9 The stato phase uent Figue10 The stato phase ounte eletomotive foe Figue11 The toque esponse Simulation esults analysis: aong to the wavefom, the maximum ulta ontioning 80 M P = 100% = 4% ;the ise time t = s;the time adjustment t s = s. 000 () The simulation unde given speed The given speed wavefom is shown in the following figue1, afte the simulation in the Simulink, the esults ae shown in the following figues. 1157

4 Figue1 The speed of the moto Figue13 The speed esponse Figue14 The toque esponse Figue15 The stato phase uent esponse Figue16 The stato phase ounte eletomotive foe esponse The simulation esults an be seen, the ontol system has good speed esponse. (3) The simulation unde given load toque. The given load toque wavefom is shown in the figue17, afte the simulation in the Simulink, the esults ae shown in the following figues. Figue17 The toque of the moto Figue18 The toque esponse Figue19 The speed esponse Figue0 The phase uent esponse Figue1 The phase ounte eletomotive foe esponse The simulation esults an be seen, the ontol system has good toque esponse. (4)The simulation unde given speed and load toque espetively. The given speed and load toque wavefom ae espetively shown in the following figues. Figue The speed of the moto Figue3 The speed esponse Figue4 The toque esponse Figue5 The toque esponse Figue6 The phase uent esponse Figue7 The phase ounte eletomotive foe esponse The simulation esults an be seen, the ontol system has good speed and toque esponse. Conlusions In this study, a mathematial model of bushless DC moto ontol system, and the equivalent iuit agam ae established. A alulation method of moto ounte eletomotive foe is 1158

5 poposed in the study, so that, it laid the foundation of the ontol system simulation. The steadystate pefomane of the moto is dynamially simulated, futhe moe, the line voltage model of the bushless DC moto is established. In the simulation design, the speed ontol of moto is the main funtion of the system. Based on the Hall position senso, ommutation logi iuit is designed. No stati speed ffeene an be ealized and the moto an be quikly stated and boke. Speed and uent doubleloop ontol is used in the study. Voltage an be obtained though the speed feedbak, afte ompaing with the given value, the pulse wih sequene is obtained whih is in etain fequeny and adjustable duty atio. Afte the powe amplifie, the tunon and tunoff time of powe eletoni omponents in the main iuit ae ontolled by the system, and then the speed of the moto is pefeably hanged. The oetness of the model is veified by the system simulation in the MATLAB, in adtion, the feasility of the design sheme is veified by the wavefom analysis. The study has geat signifiane in impoving the eleti vehile dynami pefomane and battey effiieny, as well as ineasing the diving ange. Refeenes [1] Yueying Zhu, Dafang Wang, Guifan Zhao, etal. Reseah Pogess of Swithed Relutane Moto Dive System. IEEE Intenational Confeene on Mehatonis and Automation, Changhun, China, 009: [] Kazuak S. Kaou K., Toshiaki K.. Development of eleti motos fo the TOYTA hybtid vehile pius[j]. IEEE Tansation on Industy Appliations, 000, 8(4): 344 [3] Pillay P, Kishnan R. Modeling, simulation, and analysis of pemanentmagnet moto dives (1): The pemanentmagnet synhonous moto dives [J]. IEEE Industy Appliations, 1989, 5(): 6573 [4] Nataajan R., Imee A.. Development of Geneation Tation Moto fo FCV[J]. 000, 17(7): 113 [5] Xiao Fang, Zhang Jiqiang, Tu Hailing. Eletie VehilesClean diving that pesages the 1 st entuy[m]. Beijing: Metallugial Industy Pess, 00: