Unit 2: Electricity and Magnetism

Transcription

1 Unit 2: Electricity and Magnetism

2 2.1 Intro to Energy

3 P.O.D. 11/1/2017 How does the use of electricity and magnetism affect our world?

4 2.2 Forms of Energy

5 P.O.D. 11/6/2017 Create a web that has ENERGY in the middle and the types of energy all around it: Mechanical, Electrical, Light, Thermal and Sound. Come up with at least 2 things you think would fit under each category.

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7 Wrap Up Susie rides her bicycle to her house. She goes inside, flips on the light switch, and turns on her oven to make cookies. While she waits for the cookies to come out, she turns on her computer to listen to music. How many forms of energy did Susie use? Label each one with the correct form.

8 2.3 Conversion of Energy

9 Q.O.D. 11/8/2017 What makes roller coasters go so fast?

10 Mechanical Energy Key Words 11/9/2017 Potential Energy: Energy that an object has because of its position or its condition. Kinetic Energy: The energy of motion.

11 Mystery Science 33?r=

12 Mark each spot as Potential or Kinetic energy A B C D

13 2.4 Bumper Coasters Experiment

14 energy/mystery-2/energy-con version-engineering/33?r= #slide-id-750

15 Force Key Words 11/14/2017 Gravity: The force of attraction between the Earth and other objects. Inclined Plane: A simple machine that is a slanted surface.

16 Conclusions - Mechanical Energy Kinetic energy is the energy of motion. As the marble slides down the shoot, it gains more and more speed. The more speed it gains the more kinetic energy it has. Where does the energy come from? This gain in energy was due to gravity. Gravity is a field force. Any time an object is pulled in by a field force it tends to gain kinetic energy. At the top of the slide the marble has potential energy. As gravity pulls the marble down the inclined plane, the potential energy is mostly converted to kinetic energy. (A tiny bit of the mechanical energy will be converted to heat by friction.) Where does the mechanical energy go? This was easy. At the bottom of the slide, or inclined plane the marble transfers it's mechanical energy to the flywheel, a type of lever. Both inclined planes and levers are a type of simple machine. Simple machines are devices that change the direction or the magnitude (size) of a force. How did these machines change the force? The inclined planes changed the direction from straight toward the center of the earth to a path that was more parallel. The fly wheel lever actually changed the direction from straight down to a circle- angular motion!

17 Bumper Coaster Conclusion The higher up you start the inclined plane, the more likely the marble is to go in the cup. The closer you put the target marble to the cup, the more likely the marble would go in. This is because the marble is faster and has more potential energy, the higher up it is.

18 Exit Slip What is the name of a simple machine that is a slanted surface?

19 2.5 Light Energy

20 Q.O.D. 11/15/17 What do you think it means for an object to be opaque?

21 Properties 11/15/2017 Opaque: not able to be seen through Translucent: allowing light, but not detailed images, to pass through Transparent: allowing light to pass through so that objects behind can be distinctly seen

22 studyjams/jams/science/energy-l ight-sound/light.htm

23 2.6 Reflection & Refraction

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25 Light Energy Key Words 11/21/2017 Reflection: The bouncing of light off an object. Refraction: The bending of light when it moves from one kind of matter to another. Absorption: The taking in of light or sound energy by an object.

26 Exit Slip Which object will reflect the most light? A. Black shirt B. Pink flower C. Shiny can D. Dull rock

27 Energy Quiz Review Forms of Energy: MELTS Inclined plane Kinetic & Potential Energy Reflection of light Gravity Opaque, translucent and transparent

28 2.7 Types of Circuits

29 Q.O.D. 11/29/17 When you flip a light switch, how does the light turn on?

30 om/studyjams/jams/science /energy-light-sound/electricit y.htm

31 Exit Slip Will the bulb light? Why or why not?

32 2.8 Conductors & Insulators

33 Q.O.D. 11/28/17 Fill in the blank: Electricity will only flow in a circuit.

34 Electricity Experiment 11/30/2017 Question: How can we light a bulb? Research: See definitions of closed circuit, conductor, insulator. Hypothesis: If we want to light a bulb, then

35 Electricity Experiment Procedure: 1. Build a simple circuit with a battery, lightbulb, and wire. 2. Predict whether each item is made from a conductor or insulator. 3. Test each item. Data: See Conductors and Insulators data chart.

36 Fill out your conductor and insulator sheet that you glued in on Thursday!

37 Electricity Experiment Conclusion: My hypothesis was (correct or incorrect). In order to light the bulb, we needed to use a conductor. A conductor is usually made of metal.

38 Exit Slip Which material is the best conductor of electricity? A. Rubber B. Plastic C. Metal D. Glass How do you know?

39 2.9 Without Electricity

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41 Exit Slip

42 2.10 Properties of Objects

43 Q.O.D. Objects have properties that can be observed, described, and/or measured. What are some properties that objects can have?

44 Activity Objects have properties that can be observed, described, and/or measured: length, width, volume, size, shape, mass or weight, temperature, texture, flexibility, reflectiveness of light.

45 Exit Slip

46 2.11 Classify Objects

47 Q.O.D.: Characteristics Survey Fill in the following information about yourself: 1. Hair Color: 2. Season of your Birthday: 3. Country your family comes from (if you can t choose 1, choose America): 4. Your height (compared to all 4th graders): Would you say you are average, taller or shorter than most 4th graders? 5. Main color of the shirt you are wearing today (choose 1 color):

48 Classification Observe the properties of each object and describe their physical appearance, length, width, volume, size, shape, mass or weight, temperature, texture, flexibility, reflectiveness of light. Sort the objects into groups based on their similarities.

49 Exit Slip

50 2.12 Friction

51 Q.O.D. Imagine going down this slide. How can you go faster down a slide?

52 Force Key Words Friction: A force that resists motion between objects that are touching. Less Friction = Slides Easier Gravity: The force of attraction between the Earth and other objects.

53 Mystery Science How can you go faster down a slide?

54 Exit Slip Materials that have low friction are slippery. Can you name some materials with low friction?

55 2.13 Friction Experiment

56 Q.O.D. A man is trying to bring a new refrigerator into his house. Why is it easier for him to slide the refrigerator on a cart with wheels than it is to just slide the refrigerator against the floor?

57 Mystery Science Friction Experiment

58 Please complete your Friction Investigation Worksheet.

59 2.14 Sink or Float

60 Q.O.D. What types of objects will sink in water?

61 Sink or Float Soda Video

62 Electricity & Matter Quiz Review Study & Understand: Conductors & Insulators Types of Energy Closed Circuit Properties of Objects Gravity Friction

63 2.15 Candy Cane Experiment

64 Q.O.D. What does it mean for something to dissolve?

65 Hypothesis If we soak a candy cane in, Then it will dissolve the most.

66 2.16 Magnetism

67 Q.O.D. What kind of objects are magnetic?

68 Magnetism Key Words Magnetism: A force that may attract or repel certain materials.

69 Exit Slip If you turn the N poles of two magnets toward each other, what will they do? A. Attract B. Produce electricity C. Repel D. Spin

70 2.17 What Can Magnets Do?

71 Q.O.D. Name one fact you know about magnets.

72 es/mystery-4/magnets-forces/45?r= #slide-id-0

73 Exit Slip Please complete the end of assessment activity and hand it in.

74 2.18 Magnet Investigation

75 Q.O.D. What is an electromagnet?

76 Copy into your notebooks.. Question: What kinds of objects are magnetic? How does distance affect magnetism? Research: See definitions of magnetism, attract, and repel. Hypothesis: For a material to be magnetic, it must be. The closer to a magnet an object is,.

77 Copy into your notebooks.. Procedure: In each situation, test each object with a magnet to determine if it will attract or repel. 1. Gather a variety of materials. Test each object. 2. Place each object in a cup of water (liquid). 3. Place each object at 1 cm, 5 cm, and 10 cm away from the magnet. Data: See Magnetism data chart.

78 Copy into your notebooks & fill in blanks. Conclusion: For a material to be magnetic, it must be. The closer to a magnet an object is,. I know this because