PERMEABILITY CHANGES in SOIL DUE TO FILL LOADING and its EFFECT on the GROUNDWATER FLOW REGIME
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1 NDOT Research Report Report No: RDT PERMEABILITY CHANGES in SOIL DUE TO FILL LOADING and its EFFECT on the GROUNDWATER FLOW REGIME August 2001 Prepared by Research Division Nevada Department of Transportation 1263 South Stewart Street Carson City, Nevada 89712
2 TECHNICAL REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE TECHNICAL REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Report No. RDT Government Accession No. 3. Recipient=s Catalog No. 4. Title and Subtitle Permeability Changes in Soil Due to Fill Loading and its Effect on the Groundwater Flow Regime 5. Report Date May Performing Organization Code 7. Author(s) Gary Norris, Sherif Elfass, Rob Valceschini 8. Performing Organization Report No. 9. Performing Organization Name and Address Department of Civil Engineering College of Engineering University of Nevada, Reno Reno, Nevada Work Unit No. 11. Contract or Grant No. P Sponsoring Agency Name and Address Nevada Department of Transportation Research Division 1263 South Stewart Carson City, Nevada Type or Report and Period Covered July To February Sponsoring Agency Code NDOT 15. Supplementary Notes 16. Abstract The purpose of this research was to evaluate the need for a coupled field-lab test-analytical modeling program to successfully predict changes in the near surface groundwater flow conditions that occur as the result of planned highway fill construction. The study was proposed with the prospect of using the Zolezzi Lane site of the US 395 Extension as a test case. There is a controlling artesian layer that underlies the site at approximately twentyfoot depth that is fed from the west by snowmelt form the Carson Range. From piezometer reading from various depths along an east-west cross section at station taken over a two year time span (one-half year before to one year after construction), it is clear that no change (beyond the six foot seasonal variation in water level) took place in the near surface soil of this alluvial deposit as the result of the construction of the north-south extension of US 395. Therefore, it is concluded that there is no particular need for such a coupled analysis in similar (cohesionless) soil and groundwater conditions. (However, there may still be a need to take piezometer reading to establish, from a legal standpoint that is only seasonal variations that occur.) A study of this type is still recommended for a cohesive soil site. However, during the course of the investigation there were a number of interesting and perplexing developments that occurred. It is these aspects that the report struggles to bring to light. Some of these issues are: The misinterpretation of soil type employing standard CPT data reduction and contradiction of said information with CPT piezo readings. The very conservative (i.e. low) relative density and friction angle values obtained from CPT and SPT blow count correlations as compared with independent field density and lab strength determinations. The disparate permeability values obtained from different field and lab tests. The short lived two foot (or less) drop in piezometer water level (due to dilatant soil response) in piezometer readings immediately beneath the fill rather than the anticipated thirty to sixty foot rise (in a compressible soil) due to fill construction. It is recommended that comparison of SPT/CPT assessed density and strength values with independently determined data be undertaken. Certainly such low blow count values are indicative of possible liquefaction and failure of the embankment over such loose cohesion less material and yet piezometer readings and undrained triaxial tests indicated a stable dilatant material. 17. Key Words Surface Groundwater Flow, Water Level, Dilatant Soil, Liquefaction of embankment 18. Distribution Statement Unrestricted. This document is available through the National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA Security Classif is report) Unclassified 20. Security Classif. (of this page) Unclassified 21. No. Of Pages Price file:///k /Research%20Program/Completed%20Projects/97-020%20Groundwater/TECHpgeGROUNDWATER.htm (1 of 2)10/10/2006 9:05:48 AM
3 TECHNICAL REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE file:///k /Research%20Program/Completed%20Projects/97-020%20Groundwater/TECHpgeGROUNDWATER.htm (2 of 2)10/10/2006 9:05:48 AM
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332 Kenny C. Guinn, Governor Nevada Department of Transportation Tom Stephens, P.E. Director Prepared by Research Division Alan Hilton, Research Manager (775) South Stewart Street Carson City, Nevada 89712
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