Diophantine Equation Of The Form. x Dy 2z
|
|
- Erick McLaughlin
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 IOSR Joual of Mathematics (IOSR-JM) e-issn: p-issn: X. Volume Issue 5 Ve. I (Sep. - Oct.6) PP Diophatie Equatio Of The Fom x D z Nu Asiki Hamda Abdul Latif Samia Nazi Muslim Mala Wold ad Civilizatio (ATMA) Natioal Uivesit of Malasia Abstact: The pupose of this stud is to ivestigate the solutio of Diophatie equatio. This stud will be complete if we kow moe about the pime umbes of Mesee. Besides that this pape will discuss about Diophatie equatio. It is about expeimet with umbes ad to discove pattes. Numbe theo plas a impotat ole i the Diophatie equatio. I this stud we coside Diophatie equatio of the fom: x D z fo a odd umbe D that is pime umbe. Usig coguet method this Diophatie equatio could be solved. Kewods: Diophatie pime umbes pattes umbes odd umbe I. The Histo Of Diophatie Equatio Accodig to Le Veque (969) he defied Diophatie equatio as the equatio with oe o moe vaiables that have the powe of oe two ad so o. If the equatio has a vaiable with the highest powe of oe two o thee the each equatio is kow as liea quadatic o cubic Diophatie equatio. The commo example is Pthagoea Theoem. It ca help to udestad this Diophatie equatio. Pthagoea Theoem states that fo a ight-agled tiagle the squae of the two logest sides is equal to the sum of the squaes of the othe two sides. The logest side is called the hpoteuse. Pthagoea Theoem equatio is x z whee xad z ae the vaiables ad this equatio is called as quadatic Diophatie equatio. Equatio x z ca be descibed as i the figue below: Solutios fo Diophatie equatio must be i itege o atio. Fo this example two of the solutios. Othe solutios ca be foud though simple fomula as ae ( x z) (345) ad ( x z) (53) follow: x a b ab z a b a ad b ae a itege Fo example to obtai solutio (3 4 5) coside a ad b so = 5. Babloias used the Pthagoea equatio to build tigoomet daft schedule. With the stuctue of this daft schedule Pthagoea equatio will be emphasized. Level oe equatio ax b c has appeaed i Geek Aabic ad i Chiese wod puzzles. Howeve the theo eeded to solve equatio ax b c has bee foud i Eleve Euclid. Equatio ax b c is still egaded as Diophatie equatio although it is ot ecoded i Diophatus witig as he might udeestimate it. The wok of Diophatus was ot kow b public i Euope duig the Middle Ages. Howeve the wok has bee discoveed ad taslated twice i the 6 th ad 7 th Cetu. Oe of the secod taslatio copies b Bachet has eached Femat a mathematicia who was detemied to udestad it i depth ad attempted to cotiue the wok of Diophatus. Femat's effots might be descibed as a tuig poit fo the discove of DOI:.979/ Page
2 Diophatie Equatio Of The Fom x z has o o-zeo mode umbe theo. I most of Femat's decisio he stated that the equatio itege solutio. He povided a detailed aalsis of the poblem b showig itege as a sum of squaes of two umbes ad demaded to pove each positive itege is the sum of the squaes of fou umbes. Howeve he was uable to pove it. Afte 5 eas late mathematicias such as Eule Lagage Gauss ad Kumme cotiued the wok of Femat. Thei esults wee limited to eithe the quadatic equatio kow as Pell equatio Femat equatio if is less tha. x z.kumme showed that equatio x z x d c o has o o-zeo itege solutio x z which has bee stated peviousl has o itege solutio if is x ad z. Femat's Theoem itege geate tha o equal to thee also a example of Diophatie equatio with thee vaiables 3 x x x 3 3 is also a Diophatie equatio with two vaiables x ad. This equatio Equatio is called as cubic Diophatie equatio because the highest powe of the vaiable is thee. Thee ae ma examples of Diophatie equatio. This equatio ca be witte i the fom of egula equatio o polomial equatio. Fo x z whee it has ma solutios ( x z ). Fo geate value Femat's Last Theoem states that thee is o solutio fo the positive itege umbes ( x z) that satisf this equatio. Next we will discuss quadatic equatio of the fom the ext chapte. x D z with coditio ( xz ) II. Diophatie Equatio Mesee Pime Numbe Mesee pime umbe is a pime umbe witte i the fom of 5 example 3 is a pime umbe 3. See the table below: povided i a with coditio Table. Example fo a whe =3 3 =7 4 =3.5 5 =3 3 = = = =. 4 = = = = = = = =..7 6 = = = =5.3 7 = = = = = = = =7.3.5 Souce: Joseph H. Silvema 997. A simple obsevatio ca be see easil fom the table above which is if a is a odd umbe the a is the eve umbe. Based o the table above if a is a odd umbe a ca be divided b a. This obsevatio is ve accuate because the statemet ca be pove b usig the fomula fo geometic seies. Fo example: ( )( x x x... x x ) x.( x x... x x ).( x x... x x ) 3 ( x x... x x x) ( x x... x x ) x Based o this geometic fomula assume that x a a ca epeset ma values besides a that is a. Howeve if satisfied. This is show b the table below:. Fo a ca alwas be divided b a. So a fomula is Table. Mesee Pime Numbe Souce: Joseph H. Silvema 997. DOI:.979/ Page
3 Although this table shows ol a few values but it ca be explaied that ca be divided b 3= Diophatie Equatio Of The Fom Whe is a eve umbe Whe ca be divided b 3 ca be divided b 7= 3 Whe ca be divided b 5 ca be divided b 3= 5 So it ca be cocluded that if ca be divided bm the ca be divided b m. Fom mk m k the obsevatio it is clea that this statemet is tue. Coside mk the ( ). Geometic seies fomula with x k will be used to obtai m k m m k ( ) ( ) ( ) m k m m ( )... ( ) ( ) This suggests that if is a plual umbe the is also a plual umbe. Plual umbes ae umbes othe tha pime umbes. This ca be explaied b the facts below. Facts If a is pime umbe fo some umbes with a ad the a ad must be pime umbes. This meas that the pime umbe is i the fom of a so it is ecessa to coside the case a ad must be pime umbes. Pime umbes ae i the fom of p is kow as Mesee Pime Numbe Amog Mesee Pime Numbes ae Not all umbes ae pime umbes. Amog them ae: Mesee Pime Numbes ae amed accodig to the ame of Fathe Mai Mesee ( ). I 944 he p is pime umbe fo the followig umbes: claimed that p = The umbes above ae pime umbes less tha 58 that satisf the fomula p i ode to become pime umbe. Howeve it is ukow how Fathe Maie Mesee discoveed that fact especiall afte he stated that his pevious eseach was ot tue. Fiall he submitted complete pime umbes p less tha which satisfied the fomula p which is p = III. Quadatic Diophatie Equatio Sstem Vaious esults ae obtaied fom the equatio whe fuctios f ( x ) ad f ( ) x ae quadatic polomial. This fact was stated b Baes (953) Goldbeg (954) ad Mills (954). Thee ae ifiite umbes of tivial solutios of the equatio. Apat fom that thee ae ol ifiite values possible fo z. Fo example quadatic equatio with x ad values ae eithe ifiit o ca be obtaied fom the Pell Equatio o equivalet alkhawaizmi ecusive. The equatio x x xz is equivalet to x ad x which has a positive itege ( x ) ( u u ) whe u is of a sequece of whee 3 solutio z. This sequece also has a alteate fom of a Fiboacci sequece Equatio x x xz with x ad has solutio ( x ) two cosecutive tems of u 5u u. equatio x x xz with the sequece with x ad ol has solutio if x. Modell (969) showed that equatio ax b c xz whee x. This solutio ca be povided i the fom of ab ad c ae iteges has ifiite solutios fo a DOI:.979/ Page
4 Diophatie Equatio Of The Fom polomial i obtaied. ab ad c. I this stud all itege solutios fo the equatio x D z will be x D z The Solutio Of Diophatie Equatio Of The Fom Next will be discussed o Diophatie equatio of the fom (Edwad L. Cohe 98) x Q z ( xz ) () whee Q is Mesee pime umbe as descibed above. Pime umbes ae a umbe of the p fomq. I this case p is a pime umbe. All Mesee pime umbes ae i the fom of Q except Q 3. Ou objective is to solve all geeal Diophatie equatio solutios of the fom x D z ( xz ) () whee D is a pime umbe of the fom D. Theefoe fo the ext solutio we coside all pime umbes except umbe 3. The method used to fid the solutio is b chagig equatio () to a paametic fom so that the equatio obtaied is much simple. The equatio is i the fom of Fo each itege umbe D obtaied though ax b cz. ote that x z ae solutios to (). Thus we obtai the same idetit equatio which is ( ) ( ) ( ) solutio is obtaied b assumig ( x z ) as itege solutios fo equatio (). The value of xz equatio () we get that If summaized the esult obtaied is. Paametic x ( ) x ( ) z ( ) z ( ) x ( ) z. Hece the solutios ae as below. Fom z z ( ) ( ) x ( ) x() ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) x K z K x z z( ) K x() So ( ) ( ) ad K x ( ) z ( ) x K z K is costat x ( ) K z ( ) K z ( ) x ( ) The iitial solutios obtaied ae x ( ) K( ) Kz (i) Kx K( ) ( ) z (ii) DOI:.979/ Page
5 Solvig equatios (i) ad (ii) b emovig z => x ( ) K( ) Kz K Kx K( ) ( ) z => x ( ) K( ) Kz = K x ( ) ( ) K Kz => K x K K K ( ) [ ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ] ( K ) x [ ( ) K( ) K ( ) K( ) ] = => => => ( ) [( ) 4 ( ) ( )] K x K K x ( ) 4 K( ) K ( ) K Next gettig the value of z b elimiatig x => Diophatie Equatio Of The Fom K x ( ) K( ) Kz (iii) Kx K( ) ( ) z (iv) Kx ( ) K( ) K K z => Kx K( ) ( ) z => [ ( ) K K ( ) K( ) ( )] ( K ) z => [ K( ) K ( ) ( )] K z => [ K( ) K ( ) ( )] K z => = z K( ) K ( ) ( ) K Coside => => s K the geatest commo facto (FSTB) fo ( s t) t t x = = s s s s s ( ) 4( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) t t t t t xt t zt ( ) s 4 st( ) t ( ) t s ( ) s st( ) t ( ) x z foms obtaied ae e f g z e s st t ( ) 4 ( ) ( ) f t s (3) g s st t ( ) ( ) ( ) (FSTB) the geatest commo facto of d fo the deomiato e f g ae divided util DOI:.979/ Page
6 Diophatie Equatio Of The Fom ( ) e ( ) g which ae Note also d divides divide ( ) f t s ad FSTB ( )( s t ) ( s t t s ) o. Theefoe it satisfies that d ca D. So d = D o D. The ew equatio will be obtaied which is c x s st t d c ( t s ) d c z s st t d ( ) 4( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) (4) whee c is a itege. Next values equied will be obtaied though equatio (4) b takig ito accout s K whee t. The values ( x z) ae the solutio fo equatio (). Theefoe equatio () is t equivalet to equatio (4). Note the followig:. Whe s is a odd umbe the FSTB ( e f g ) = o D. Whe s is a eve umbe the FSTB ( e f g ) = o D if it is odd it ca be cocluded that H = D. similal if it is eve the H= D. Theoem : H = FSTB( e f g ) if ad ol if s t(mod D) Pove b equatio (3) ( ) s 4 st( ) t ( ) (mod D) t s (mod D) So to solvig these two equatios ae though deletig method ( ) s 4( ) st t ( ) (mod D) (5) (i) ( ) s t ( ) (mod D) (ii) The followig equatios ae obtaied ( ) s ( ) st (mod D) ( ) s ( ) t (mod D) (6) Multipl equatio (6) with ( ) will poduce s t (mod D). To pove this statemet is tue the it must show that equatio (5) ad (6) ae satisfied. Geeall it is kow ( )( ) (mod D) so equatio (5) is satisfied whe s t is multipl b. Fo equatio (6) whe s t (mod D) it shows that s 4 t (mod D). Fiall sice 4 (mod D) the s t (mod D). Coolla: H = FSTB( e f g ) if ad ol if t s(mod D). Theoem Fo equatios that have specific solutios thee ae ma ifiite solutios. Each solutio ( x z) of equatio s (4) is obtaied fom fou atio umbes K which is the highest commo facto (FSTB). t DOI:.979/ Page
7 Diophatie Equatio Of The Fom Theoem 3 had s x x had z t z Theoem 4 Whe D7( ) the pioit of this solutio ae x z that have bee metioed ealie. It is also equal to FSTB fo fou umbes that ae 7 4. Note the table below: Table.3 Example of FSTB whe D7( ) FSTB S T Souce: Edwad L. Cohe 98. It has bee stated that t so we defiitel will ot use equatio (3) ad (4). The Similaities Of Liea Diophatie Liea Coguet Ad Matix THEOREM Coside that is the last divide i Eukledea alkhawaizmi fo the pupose of fidig FSTB fo two positive qi iteges which ae a ad b whee ab. Coside that Q i ad Q Qi i whee i qii i fo i a. So Q a b the Q b. So Q ad a b the a b. Next c c k fo all k costat. So c ( k) a ( k) b the x k ad k ae specific solutios fo this liea Diophatie equatio (T. Kosh 996). THEOREM Coside i qii i fo i Coside qi Qi ad ( ) Qi b ( ) a Q i the Eukledea algoithm to get FSTB ( ab ) whee a i Qi Veificatio Geeall it has bee idetified that the top ow of of i. The (T. Kosh. 996) b. Q i ae [ ] so we just have to focus o the secod lie (T. Kosh 996). Q. This ca be pove b usig iductio method which icludes equatio a q q. DOI:.979/ Page
8 Diophatie Equatio Of The Fom.. q q Whe this alkhawaizmi has the equatio of a q ad Q q b a = whee b q. Theefoe Q. So the solutio is tue whe. Now suppose that the solutio of the equatio is satisfied fo k. Take the value of k. The alkhawaizmi ivolves equatio k. Put it o top of the equatio. The equatio k. These ( ). equatios will fom alkhawaizmi to fid FSTB Coside k Q' Qi ' whe Qi' Qi?? i Q ' k k ivolved. So ( ) ( ) ' k k Q Q k k ( ) ( ) q k k =???? k k q ( ) ( ) k k?? k b k a ( ) ( ) k k =. B usig hpothesis whee? states that the solutio fo the top of the matix is ot ( ) B usig iductio method this solutio is satisfied fo each itege. It has bee stated peviousl that a b a a b ( ) ( ) b = Q b a DOI:.979/ Page
9 COROLLARY : Suppose that Q b a Diophatie Equatio Of The Fom is the fial divide i alkhawaizmi Eukledea to fid FSTB ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) b c is deived fom x x t ad ab ad. The solutio fo this liea Diophatie equatio is ax b c whee ( ) a t. Fom coolla show above the matix method might be iflueced b calculatio fom calculato like TI-85. It has fou mai beefits which ae:. It calculates costat ad ol i the liea equatio a b. Whe the value of ad ae kow specific solutios fo Diophatie liea equatio will be c moe eas which ae: x k k ad k. 3. A value i the secod ow is costat fo paamete t i geeal solutio of this Diophatie liea equatio. 4. It does ot show how difficult each calculatio is. Whe liea coguet is fom this liea Diophatie equatio coolla is satisfied. It is said that usig the matix solutio is suitable fo solvig liea coguet. COROLLARY : Liea coguet equatio ax c(mod b) ca be solved if ad ol if c ad the solutio is ( ) b x x t whee FSTB( a b). IV. Coclusio This stud shows that oe of the mathematical solutios is though liea Diophatie equatio o Diophatie equatio of the fom x D z. Actuall thee ae ma foms of Diophatie equatio. Oe of the iteestig topics i umbe theo is Diophatie equatio which states that "a liea Diophatie equatio ax b c whe a b ad c ae whole umbe have the whole umbe solutio if ad ol if FSTB ab divide c totall". It ca be cocluded that Diophatie equatio i geeal is a equatio which states that its vaiables ae fom the elemets of a whole umbe. Actuall the solutios fo Diophatie equatio ae ma. The moe the umbe of vaiables used the loge the calculatio. Liea Diophatie equatio ca be solved i diffeet was. If we pefe itege solutio we ca use this Diophatie equatio. Diophatie equatio also ca be used if we pefe esults that ae ot egative. To futhe facilitate the Diophatie equatio Eukledea alkhawaizmi ca be used. Oe thig to keep i mid i solvig Diophatie equatio is oe should be caeful i solvig eve poblem especiall whe witig the iitial aswes obtaied fom the paametes used because duig the ed of the pocess oe should e-ete each aswe that is peviousl obtaied ito the oigial equatio. []. P. Novikov A ew solutio of the idetemiate equatio []. Doklad Akad Nauk SSSR (N.S.) 6:5-6. [3]. Baes E. S O the Diophatie equatio [4]. Soc. 8:4-44. [5]. Geogikopoulos O the equatio [6]. Edwad L. Cohe. 98. The Mathematics Studet Vol. 5:6-. DOI:.979/ Page Refeeces ax b cz. x c xz. J. Lodo Math. ax b cz. Bul. Soc. Math. Gece 4:-5.
10 Diophatie Equatio Of The Fom [7]. Goldbeg K. Newma M. Staus E. G. & Swift J. D The epesetatio of iteges b bia quadatic atioal fom. Ach. Math. 5:-8. [8]. Joseph H. Silvema Mesee pime. A fiedl itoductio to umbe theo [9]. K. H. Rose Elemeta umbe theo ad its applicatios 3 d editio []. Addiso-Wesle Readig Massachusetts. []. Le Veqeu W. J A bief suve of diophatie equatio. MAA studies i Mathematic. 6:4-3. []. L. J. Modell Diophatie Equatio. Pue ad Applied Mathematics Vol 3 Academic Pess. [3]. Mills W. H A method fo solvig cetai Diophatie equatio. Poc. Ame. Math. Soc. 5: [4]. T. N. Siha da Vekatamaiah The equatio x P z : P a Mesee pime. Idia J. Mech. Math. 6:45-47.T. Kosh. Novembe 996. The Euclidea Algoithm via matices ad a calculatomath. Gaz. 8: [5]. Wikipedia the fee ecclopedia Diophatie equatio (dalam talia). [3 Mac ]. [6]. Wikipedia the fee ecclopedia Diophatie equatio of secod powes (dalam talia). [ Mac ]. DOI:.979/ Page
CHAPTER 5 : SERIES. 5.2 The Sum of a Series Sum of Power of n Positive Integers Sum of Series of Partial Fraction Difference Method
CHAPTER 5 : SERIES 5.1 Seies 5. The Sum of a Seies 5..1 Sum of Powe of Positive Iteges 5.. Sum of Seies of Patial Factio 5..3 Diffeece Method 5.3 Test of covegece 5.3.1 Divegece Test 5.3. Itegal Test 5.3.3
More informationBINOMIAL THEOREM An expression consisting of two terms, connected by + or sign is called a
BINOMIAL THEOREM hapte 8 8. Oveview: 8.. A epessio cosistig of two tems, coected by + o sig is called a biomial epessio. Fo eample, + a, y,,7 4 5y, etc., ae all biomial epessios. 8.. Biomial theoem If
More informationBINOMIAL THEOREM NCERT An expression consisting of two terms, connected by + or sign is called a
8. Oveview: 8.. A epessio cosistig of two tems, coected by + o sig is called a biomial epessio. Fo eample, + a, y,,7 4, etc., ae all biomial 5y epessios. 8.. Biomial theoem BINOMIAL THEOREM If a ad b ae
More informationAuchmuty High School Mathematics Department Sequences & Series Notes Teacher Version
equeces ad eies Auchmuty High chool Mathematics Depatmet equeces & eies Notes Teache Vesio A sequece takes the fom,,7,0,, while 7 0 is a seies. Thee ae two types of sequece/seies aithmetic ad geometic.
More informationBy the end of this section you will be able to prove the Chinese Remainder Theorem apply this theorem to solve simultaneous linear congruences
Chapte : Theoy of Modula Aithmetic 8 Sectio D Chiese Remaide Theoem By the ed of this sectio you will be able to pove the Chiese Remaide Theoem apply this theoem to solve simultaeous liea cogueces The
More informationSOME ARITHMETIC PROPERTIES OF OVERPARTITION K -TUPLES
#A17 INTEGERS 9 2009), 181-190 SOME ARITHMETIC PROPERTIES OF OVERPARTITION K -TUPLES Deick M. Keiste Depatmet of Mathematics, Pe State Uivesity, Uivesity Pak, PA 16802 dmk5075@psu.edu James A. Selles Depatmet
More informationUsing Difference Equations to Generalize Results for Periodic Nested Radicals
Usig Diffeece Equatios to Geealize Results fo Peiodic Nested Radicals Chis Lyd Uivesity of Rhode Islad, Depatmet of Mathematics South Kigsto, Rhode Islad 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 π = + + +... Vieta (593) 2 2 2 =
More informationDANIEL YAQUBI, MADJID MIRZAVAZIRI AND YASIN SAEEDNEZHAD
MIXED -STIRLING NUMERS OF THE SEOND KIND DANIEL YAQUI, MADJID MIRZAVAZIRI AND YASIN SAEEDNEZHAD Abstact The Stilig umbe of the secod id { } couts the umbe of ways to patitio a set of labeled balls ito
More informationGreatest term (numerically) in the expansion of (1 + x) Method 1 Let T
BINOMIAL THEOREM_SYNOPSIS Geatest tem (umeically) i the epasio of ( + ) Method Let T ( The th tem) be the geatest tem. Fid T, T, T fom the give epasio. Put T T T ad. Th will give a iequality fom whee value
More informationProgression. CATsyllabus.com. CATsyllabus.com. Sequence & Series. Arithmetic Progression (A.P.) n th term of an A.P.
Pogessio Sequece & Seies A set of umbes whose domai is a eal umbe is called a SEQUENCE ad sum of the sequece is called a SERIES. If a, a, a, a 4,., a, is a sequece, the the expessio a + a + a + a 4 + a
More informationa) The average (mean) of the two fractions is halfway between them: b) The answer is yes. Assume without loss of generality that p < r.
Solutios to MAML Olympiad Level 00. Factioated a) The aveage (mea) of the two factios is halfway betwee them: p ps+ q ps+ q + q s qs qs b) The aswe is yes. Assume without loss of geeality that p
More information( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) Solved Examples. JEE Main/Boards = The total number of terms in the expansion are 8.
Mathematics. Solved Eamples JEE Mai/Boads Eample : Fid the coefficiet of y i c y y Sol: By usig fomula of fidig geeal tem we ca easily get coefficiet of y. I the biomial epasio, ( ) th tem is c T ( y )
More informationCounting Functions and Subsets
CHAPTER 1 Coutig Fuctios ad Subsets This chapte of the otes is based o Chapte 12 of PJE See PJE p144 Hee ad below, the efeeces to the PJEccles book ae give as PJE The goal of this shot chapte is to itoduce
More informationThe Pigeonhole Principle 3.4 Binomial Coefficients
Discete M athematic Chapte 3: Coutig 3. The Pigeohole Piciple 3.4 Biomial Coefficiets D Patic Cha School of Compute Sciece ad Egieeig South Chia Uivesity of Techology Ageda Ch 3. The Pigeohole Piciple
More informationEinstein Classes, Unit No. 102, 103, Vardhman Ring Road Plaza, Vikas Puri Extn., Outer Ring Road New Delhi , Ph. : ,
MB BINOMIAL THEOREM Biomial Epessio : A algebaic epessio which cotais two dissimila tems is called biomial epessio Fo eample :,,, etc / ( ) Statemet of Biomial theoem : If, R ad N, the : ( + ) = a b +
More informationFinite q-identities related to well-known theorems of Euler and Gauss. Johann Cigler
Fiite -idetities elated to well-ow theoems of Eule ad Gauss Joha Cigle Faultät fü Mathemati Uivesität Wie A-9 Wie, Nodbegstaße 5 email: oha.cigle@uivie.ac.at Abstact We give geealizatios of a fiite vesio
More informationCh 3.4 Binomial Coefficients. Pascal's Identit y and Triangle. Chapter 3.2 & 3.4. South China University of Technology
Disc ete Mathem atic Chapte 3: Coutig 3. The Pigeohole Piciple 3.4 Biomial Coefficiets D Patic Cha School of Compute Sciece ad Egieeig South Chia Uivesity of Techology Pigeohole Piciple Suppose that a
More informationSome Properties of the K-Jacobsthal Lucas Sequence
Deepia Jhala et. al. /Iteatioal Joual of Mode Scieces ad Egieeig Techology (IJMSET) ISSN 349-3755; Available at https://www.imset.com Volume Issue 3 04 pp.87-9; Some Popeties of the K-Jacobsthal Lucas
More information2012 GCE A Level H2 Maths Solution Paper Let x,
GCE A Level H Maths Solutio Pape. Let, y ad z be the cost of a ticet fo ude yeas, betwee ad 5 yeas, ad ove 5 yeas categoies espectively. 9 + y + 4z =. 7 + 5y + z = 8. + 4y + 5z = 58.5 Fo ude, ticet costs
More informationOn a Problem of Littlewood
Ž. JOURAL OF MATHEMATICAL AALYSIS AD APPLICATIOS 199, 403 408 1996 ARTICLE O. 0149 O a Poblem of Littlewood Host Alze Mosbache Stasse 10, 51545 Waldbol, Gemay Submitted by J. L. Bee Received May 19, 1995
More informationMultivector Functions
I: J. Math. Aal. ad Appl., ol. 24, No. 3, c Academic Pess (968) 467 473. Multivecto Fuctios David Hestees I a pevious pape [], the fudametals of diffeetial ad itegal calculus o Euclidea -space wee expessed
More informationMath 166 Week-in-Review - S. Nite 11/10/2012 Page 1 of 5 WIR #9 = 1+ r eff. , where r. is the effective interest rate, r is the annual
Math 66 Week-i-Review - S. Nite // Page of Week i Review #9 (F-F.4, 4.-4.4,.-.) Simple Iteest I = Pt, whee I is the iteest, P is the picipal, is the iteest ate, ad t is the time i yeas. P( + t), whee A
More information= 5! 3! 2! = 5! 3! (5 3)!. In general, the number of different groups of r items out of n items (when the order is ignored) is given by n!
0 Combiatoial Aalysis Copyight by Deiz Kalı 4 Combiatios Questio 4 What is the diffeece betwee the followig questio i How may 3-lette wods ca you wite usig the lettes A, B, C, D, E ii How may 3-elemet
More informationMATH Midterm Solutions
MATH 2113 - Midtem Solutios Febuay 18 1. A bag of mables cotais 4 which ae ed, 4 which ae blue ad 4 which ae gee. a How may mables must be chose fom the bag to guaatee that thee ae the same colou? We ca
More informationGeneralized Fibonacci-Lucas Sequence
Tuish Joual of Aalysis ad Numbe Theoy, 4, Vol, No 6, -7 Available olie at http://pubssciepubcom/tjat//6/ Sciece ad Educatio Publishig DOI:6/tjat--6- Geealized Fiboacci-Lucas Sequece Bijeda Sigh, Ompaash
More informationFIXED POINT AND HYERS-ULAM-RASSIAS STABILITY OF A QUADRATIC FUNCTIONAL EQUATION IN BANACH SPACES
IJRRAS 6 () July 0 www.apapess.com/volumes/vol6issue/ijrras_6.pdf FIXED POINT AND HYERS-UAM-RASSIAS STABIITY OF A QUADRATIC FUNCTIONA EQUATION IN BANACH SPACES E. Movahedia Behbaha Khatam Al-Abia Uivesity
More informationBINOMIAL THEOREM & ITS SIMPLE APPLICATION
Etei lasses, Uit No. 0, 0, Vadhma Rig Road Plaza, Vikas Pui Et., Oute Rig Road New Delhi 0 08, Ph. : 9690, 87 MB Sllabus : BINOMIAL THEOREM & ITS SIMPLE APPLIATION Biomia Theoem fo a positive itegal ide;
More informationON EUCLID S AND EULER S PROOF THAT THE NUMBER OF PRIMES IS INFINITE AND SOME APPLICATIONS
Joual of Pue ad Alied Mathematics: Advaces ad Alicatios Volume 0 Numbe 03 Pages 5-58 ON EUCLID S AND EULER S PROOF THAT THE NUMBER OF PRIMES IS INFINITE AND SOME APPLICATIONS ALI H HAKAMI Deatmet of Mathematics
More informationConsider unordered sample of size r. This sample can be used to make r! Ordered samples (r! permutations). unordered sample
Uodeed Samples without Replacemet oside populatio of elemets a a... a. y uodeed aagemet of elemets is called a uodeed sample of size. Two uodeed samples ae diffeet oly if oe cotais a elemet ot cotaied
More informationConditional Convergence of Infinite Products
Coditioal Covegece of Ifiite Poducts William F. Tech Ameica Mathematical Mothly 106 1999), 646-651 I this aticle we evisit the classical subject of ifiite poducts. Fo stadad defiitios ad theoems o this
More informationOn ARMA(1,q) models with bounded and periodically correlated solutions
Reseach Repot HSC/03/3 O ARMA(,q) models with bouded ad peiodically coelated solutios Aleksade Weo,2 ad Agieszka Wy oma ska,2 Hugo Steihaus Cete, Woc aw Uivesity of Techology 2 Istitute of Mathematics,
More informationSHIFTED HARMONIC SUMS OF ORDER TWO
Commu Koea Math Soc 9 0, No, pp 39 55 http://dxdoiog/03/ckms0939 SHIFTED HARMONIC SUMS OF ORDER TWO Athoy Sofo Abstact We develop a set of idetities fo Eule type sums I paticula we ivestigate poducts of
More informationMinimization of the quadratic test function
Miimizatio of the quadatic test fuctio A quadatic fom is a scala quadatic fuctio of a vecto with the fom f ( ) A b c with b R A R whee A is assumed to be SPD ad c is a scala costat Note: A symmetic mati
More informationOn composite conformal mapping of an annulus to a plane with two holes
O composite cofomal mappig of a aulus to a plae with two holes Mila Batista (July 07) Abstact I the aticle we coside the composite cofomal map which maps aulus to ifiite egio with symmetic hole ad ealy
More informationLecture 24: Observability and Constructibility
ectue 24: Obsevability ad Costuctibility 7 Obsevability ad Costuctibility Motivatio: State feedback laws deped o a kowledge of the cuet state. I some systems, xt () ca be measued diectly, e.g., positio
More informationKEY. Math 334 Midterm II Fall 2007 section 004 Instructor: Scott Glasgow
KEY Math 334 Midtem II Fall 7 sectio 4 Istucto: Scott Glasgow Please do NOT wite o this exam. No cedit will be give fo such wok. Rathe wite i a blue book, o o you ow pape, pefeably egieeig pape. Wite you
More informationTHE ANALYTIC LARGE SIEVE
THE ANALYTIC LAGE SIEVE 1. The aalytic lage sieve I the last lectue we saw how to apply the aalytic lage sieve to deive a aithmetic fomulatio of the lage sieve, which we applied to the poblem of boudig
More informationTechnical Report: Bessel Filter Analysis
Sasa Mahmoodi 1 Techical Repot: Bessel Filte Aalysis 1 School of Electoics ad Compute Sciece, Buildig 1, Southampto Uivesity, Southampto, S17 1BJ, UK, Email: sm3@ecs.soto.ac.uk I this techical epot, we
More information( ) 1 Comparison Functions. α is strictly increasing since ( r) ( r ) α = for any positive real number c. = 0. It is said to belong to
Compaiso Fuctios I this lesso, we study stability popeties of the oautoomous system = f t, x The difficulty is that ay solutio of this system statig at x( t ) depeds o both t ad t = x Thee ae thee special
More informationEVALUATION OF SUMS INVOLVING GAUSSIAN q-binomial COEFFICIENTS WITH RATIONAL WEIGHT FUNCTIONS
EVALUATION OF SUMS INVOLVING GAUSSIAN -BINOMIAL COEFFICIENTS WITH RATIONAL WEIGHT FUNCTIONS EMRAH KILIÇ AND HELMUT PRODINGER Abstact We coside sums of the Gaussia -biomial coefficiets with a paametic atioal
More informationTaylor Transformations into G 2
Iteatioal Mathematical Foum, 5,, o. 43, - 3 Taylo Tasfomatios ito Mulatu Lemma Savaah State Uivesity Savaah, a 344, USA Lemmam@savstate.edu Abstact. Though out this pape, we assume that
More informationEXAMPLES. Leader in CBSE Coaching. Solutions of BINOMIAL THEOREM A.V.T.E. by AVTE (avte.in) Class XI
avtei EXAMPLES Solutios of AVTE by AVTE (avtei) lass XI Leade i BSE oachig 1 avtei SHORT ANSWER TYPE 1 Fid the th tem i the epasio of 1 We have T 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Epad the followig (1 + ) 4 Put 1 y
More informationMATHS FOR ENGINEERS ALGEBRA TUTORIAL 8 MATHEMATICAL PROGRESSIONS AND SERIES
MATHS FOR ENGINEERS ALGEBRA TUTORIAL 8 MATHEMATICAL PROGRESSIONS AND SERIES O completio of this ttoial yo shold be able to do the followig. Eplai aithmetical ad geometic pogessios. Eplai factoial otatio
More informationMATH /19: problems for supervision in week 08 SOLUTIONS
MATH10101 2018/19: poblems fo supevisio i week 08 Q1. Let A be a set. SOLUTIONS (i Pove that the fuctio c: P(A P(A, defied by c(x A \ X, is bijective. (ii Let ow A be fiite, A. Use (i to show that fo each
More informationINVERSE CAUCHY PROBLEMS FOR NONLINEAR FRACTIONAL PARABOLIC EQUATIONS IN HILBERT SPACE
IJAS 6 (3 Febuay www.apapess.com/volumes/vol6issue3/ijas_6_3_.pdf INVESE CAUCH POBLEMS FO NONLINEA FACTIONAL PAABOLIC EQUATIONS IN HILBET SPACE Mahmoud M. El-Boai Faculty of Sciece Aleadia Uivesit Aleadia
More informationComplementary Dual Subfield Linear Codes Over Finite Fields
1 Complemetay Dual Subfield Liea Codes Ove Fiite Fields Kiagai Booiyoma ad Somphog Jitma,1 Depatmet of Mathematics, Faculty of Sciece, Silpao Uivesity, Naho Pathom 73000, hailad e-mail : ai_b_555@hotmail.com
More information9.7 Pascal s Formula and the Binomial Theorem
592 Chapte 9 Coutig ad Pobability Example 971 Values of 97 Pascal s Fomula ad the Biomial Theoem I m vey well acquaited, too, with mattes mathematical, I udestad equatios both the simple ad quadatical
More informationWhen two numbers are written as the product of their prime factors, they are in factored form.
10 1 Study Guide Pages 420 425 Factos Because 3 4 12, we say that 3 and 4 ae factos of 12. In othe wods, factos ae the numbes you multiply to get a poduct. Since 2 6 12, 2 and 6 ae also factos of 12. The
More informationMath 7409 Homework 2 Fall from which we can calculate the cycle index of the action of S 5 on pairs of vertices as
Math 7409 Hoewok 2 Fall 2010 1. Eueate the equivalece classes of siple gaphs o 5 vetices by usig the patte ivetoy as a guide. The cycle idex of S 5 actig o 5 vetices is 1 x 5 120 1 10 x 3 1 x 2 15 x 1
More informationSome Integral Mean Estimates for Polynomials
Iteatioal Mathematical Foum, Vol. 8, 23, o., 5-5 HIKARI Ltd, www.m-hikai.com Some Itegal Mea Estimates fo Polyomials Abdullah Mi, Bilal Ahmad Da ad Q. M. Dawood Depatmet of Mathematics, Uivesity of Kashmi
More informationStrong Result for Level Crossings of Random Polynomials
IOSR Joual of haacy ad Biological Scieces (IOSR-JBS) e-issn:78-8, p-issn:19-7676 Volue 11, Issue Ve III (ay - Ju16), 1-18 wwwiosjoualsog Stog Result fo Level Cossigs of Rado olyoials 1 DKisha, AK asigh
More informationUsing Counting Techniques to Determine Probabilities
Kowledge ticle: obability ad Statistics Usig outig Techiques to Detemie obabilities Tee Diagams ad the Fudametal outig iciple impotat aspect of pobability theoy is the ability to detemie the total umbe
More informationFibonacci and Some of His Relations Anthony Sofo School of Computer Science and Mathematics, Victoria University of Technology,Victoria, Australia.
The Mathematics Educatio ito the st Cetuy Poect Poceedigs of the Iteatioal Cofeece The Decidable ad the Udecidable i Mathematics Educatio Bo, Czech Republic, Septembe Fiboacci ad Some of His Relatios Athoy
More informationLESSON 15: COMPOUND INTEREST
High School: Expoeial Fuctios LESSON 15: COMPOUND INTEREST 1. You have see this fomula fo compoud ieest. Paamete P is the picipal amou (the moey you stat with). Paamete is the ieest ate pe yea expessed
More informationI PUC MATHEMATICS CHAPTER - 08 Binomial Theorem. x 1. Expand x + using binomial theorem and hence find the coefficient of
Two Maks Questios I PU MATHEMATIS HAPTER - 08 Biomial Theoem. Epad + usig biomial theoem ad hece fid the coefficiet of y y. Epad usig biomial theoem. Hece fid the costat tem of the epasio.. Simplify +
More informationGeneralizations and analogues of the Nesbitt s inequality
OCTOGON MATHEMATICAL MAGAZINE Vol 17, No1, Apil 2009, pp 215-220 ISSN 1222-5657, ISBN 978-973-88255-5-0, wwwhetfaluo/octogo 215 Geealiatios ad aalogues of the Nesbitt s iequalit Fuhua Wei ad Shahe Wu 19
More information9.1 The multiplicative group of a finite field. Theorem 9.1. The multiplicative group F of a finite field is cyclic.
Chapte 9 Pimitive Roots 9.1 The multiplicative goup of a finite fld Theoem 9.1. The multiplicative goup F of a finite fld is cyclic. Remak: In paticula, if p is a pime then (Z/p) is cyclic. In fact, this
More informationSupplementary materials. Suzuki reaction: mechanistic multiplicity versus exclusive homogeneous or exclusive heterogeneous catalysis
Geeal Pape ARKIVOC 009 (xi 85-03 Supplemetay mateials Suzui eactio: mechaistic multiplicity vesus exclusive homogeeous o exclusive heteogeeous catalysis Aa A. Kuohtia, Alexade F. Schmidt* Depatmet of Chemisty
More informationMinimal order perfect functional observers for singular linear systems
Miimal ode efect fuctioal obseves fo sigula liea systems Tadeusz aczoek Istitute of Cotol Idustial lectoics Wasaw Uivesity of Techology, -66 Waszawa, oszykowa 75, POLAND Abstact. A ew method fo desigig
More informationRange Symmetric Matrices in Minkowski Space
BULLETIN of the Bull. alaysia ath. Sc. Soc. (Secod Seies) 3 (000) 45-5 LYSIN THETICL SCIENCES SOCIETY Rae Symmetic atices i ikowski Space.R. EENKSHI Depatmet of athematics, amalai Uivesity, amalaiaa 608
More informationCfE Advanced Higher Mathematics Course materials Topic 5: Binomial theorem
SCHOLAR Study Guide CfE Advaced Highe Mathematics Couse mateials Topic : Biomial theoem Authoed by: Fioa Withey Stilig High School Kae Withey Stilig High School Reviewed by: Magaet Feguso Peviously authoed
More informationEDEXCEL NATIONAL CERTIFICATE UNIT 28 FURTHER MATHEMATICS FOR TECHNICIANS OUTCOME 2- ALGEBRAIC TECHNIQUES TUTORIAL 1 - PROGRESSIONS
EDEXCEL NATIONAL CERTIFICATE UNIT 8 FURTHER MATHEMATICS FOR TECHNICIANS OUTCOME - ALGEBRAIC TECHNIQUES TUTORIAL - PROGRESSIONS CONTENTS Be able to apply algebaic techiques Aithmetic pogessio (AP): fist
More informationON CERTAIN CLASS OF ANALYTIC FUNCTIONS
ON CERTAIN CLASS OF ANALYTIC FUNCTIONS Nailah Abdul Rahma Al Diha Mathematics Depatmet Gils College of Educatio PO Box 60 Riyadh 567 Saudi Aabia Received Febuay 005 accepted Septembe 005 Commuicated by
More information1. By using truth tables prove that, for all statements P and Q, the statement
Author: Satiago Salazar Problems I: Mathematical Statemets ad Proofs. By usig truth tables prove that, for all statemets P ad Q, the statemet P Q ad its cotrapositive ot Q (ot P) are equivalet. I example.2.3
More informationAdvanced Physical Geodesy
Supplemetal Notes Review of g Tems i Moitz s Aalytic Cotiuatio Method. Advaced hysical Geodesy GS887 Chistophe Jekeli Geodetic Sciece The Ohio State Uivesity 5 South Oval Mall Columbus, OH 4 7 The followig
More informationPROBLEM SET 5 SOLUTIONS 126 = , 37 = , 15 = , 7 = 7 1.
Math 7 Sprig 06 PROBLEM SET 5 SOLUTIONS Notatios. Give a real umber x, we will defie sequeces (a k ), (x k ), (p k ), (q k ) as i lecture.. (a) (5 pts) Fid the simple cotiued fractio represetatios of 6
More informationRotational symmetry applied to boundary element computation for nuclear fusion plasma
Bouda Elemets ad Othe Mesh Reductio Methods XXXII 33 Rotatioal smmet applied to bouda elemet computatio fo uclea fusio plasma M. Itagaki, T. Ishimau & K. Wataabe 2 Facult of Egieeig, Hokkaido Uivesit,
More informationBertrand s Postulate
Bertrad s Postulate Lola Thompso Ross Program July 3, 2009 Lola Thompso (Ross Program Bertrad s Postulate July 3, 2009 1 / 33 Bertrad s Postulate I ve said it oce ad I ll say it agai: There s always a
More informationMath III Final Exam Review. Name. Unit 1 Statistics. Definitions Population: Sample: Statistics: Parameter: Methods for Collecting Data Survey:
Math III Fial Exam Review Name Uit Statistics Defiitios Populatio: Sample: Statistics: Paamete: Methods fo Collectig Data Suvey: Obsevatioal Study: Expeimet: Samplig Methods Radom: Statified: Systematic:
More informationphysicsandmathstutor.com
physicsadmathstuto.com physicsadmathstuto.com Jauay 2009 2 a 7. Give that X = 1 1, whee a is a costat, ad a 2, blak (a) fid X 1 i tems of a. Give that X + X 1 = I, whee I is the 2 2 idetity matix, (b)
More informationON SOME DIOPHANTINE EQUATIONS RELATED TO SQUARE TRIANGULAR AND BALANCING NUMBERS
Joural of Algebra, Number Theory: Advaces ad Applicatios Volume, Number, 00, Pages 7-89 ON SOME DIOPHANTINE EQUATIONS RELATED TO SQUARE TRIANGULAR AND BALANCING NUMBERS OLCAY KARAATLI ad REFİK KESKİN Departmet
More informationChapter 2 Sampling distribution
[ 05 STAT] Chapte Samplig distibutio. The Paamete ad the Statistic Whe we have collected the data, we have a whole set of umbes o desciptios witte dow o a pape o stoed o a compute file. We ty to summaize
More informationOn Some Fractional Integral Operators Involving Generalized Gauss Hypergeometric Functions
Available at http://pvamu.edu/aam Appl. Appl. Math. ISSN: 93-9466 Vol. 5, Issue (Decembe ), pp. 3 33 (Peviously, Vol. 5, Issue, pp. 48 47) Applicatios ad Applied Mathematics: A Iteatioal Joual (AAM) O
More informationImplicit function theorem
Jovo Jaric Implicit fuctio theorem The reader kows that the equatio of a curve i the x - plae ca be expressed F x, =., this does ot ecessaril represet a fuctio. Take, for example F x, = 2x x =. (1 either
More informationAdvanced Higher Formula List
Advaced Highe Fomula List Note: o fomulae give i eam emembe eveythig! Uit Biomial Theoem Factoial! ( ) ( ) Biomial Coefficiet C!! ( )! Symmety Idetity Khayyam-Pascal Idetity Biomial Theoem ( y) C y 0 0
More informationInfinite Sequences and Series
Chapter 6 Ifiite Sequeces ad Series 6.1 Ifiite Sequeces 6.1.1 Elemetary Cocepts Simply speakig, a sequece is a ordered list of umbers writte: {a 1, a 2, a 3,...a, a +1,...} where the elemets a i represet
More informationAS Mathematics. MFP1 Further Pure 1 Mark scheme June Version: 1.0 Final
AS Mathematics MFP Futhe Pue Mak scheme 0 Jue 07 Vesio:.0 Fial Mak schemes ae pepaed by the Lead Assessmet Wite ad cosideed, togethe with the elevat questios, by a pael of subject teaches. This mak scheme
More informationStudent s Name : Class Roll No. ADDRESS: R-1, Opp. Raiway Track, New Corner Glass Building, Zone-2, M.P. NAGAR, Bhopal
FREE Dowload Stud Package fom website: wwwtekoclassescom fo/u fopkj Hkh# tu] ugha vkjehks dke] foif s[k NksMs qja e/;e eu dj ';kea iq#"k flag ladyi dj] lgs foif vusd] ^cuk^ u NksMs /;s; dks] j?kqcj jk[ks
More informationTHE ANALYSIS OF SOME MODELS FOR CLAIM PROCESSING IN INSURANCE COMPANIES
Please cite this atle as: Mhal Matalyck Tacaa Romaiuk The aalysis of some models fo claim pocessig i isuace compaies Scietif Reseach of the Istitute of Mathemats ad Compute Sciece 004 Volume 3 Issue pages
More informationOn the Explicit Determinants and Singularities of r-circulant and Left r-circulant Matrices with Some Famous Numbers
O the Explicit Detemiats Sigulaities of -ciculat Left -ciculat Matices with Some Famous Numbes ZHAOLIN JIANG Depatmet of Mathematics Liyi Uivesity Shuaglig Road Liyi city CHINA jzh08@siacom JUAN LI Depatmet
More informationStrong Result for Level Crossings of Random Polynomials. Dipty Rani Dhal, Dr. P. K. Mishra. Department of Mathematics, CET, BPUT, BBSR, ODISHA, INDIA
Iteatioal Joual of Reseach i Egieeig ad aageet Techology (IJRET) olue Issue July 5 Available at http://wwwijetco/ Stog Result fo Level Cossigs of Rado olyoials Dipty Rai Dhal D K isha Depatet of atheatics
More informationELEMENTARY AND COMPOUND EVENTS PROBABILITY
Euopea Joual of Basic ad Applied Scieces Vol. 5 No., 08 ELEMENTARY AND COMPOUND EVENTS PROBABILITY William W.S. Che Depatmet of Statistics The Geoge Washigto Uivesity Washigto D.C. 003 E-mail: williamwsche@gmail.com
More informationPROGRESSION AND SERIES
INTRODUCTION PROGRESSION AND SERIES A gemet of umbes {,,,,, } ccodig to some well defied ule o set of ules is clled sequece Moe pecisely, we my defie sequece s fuctio whose domi is some subset of set of
More informationr, this equation is graphed in figure 1.
Washigto Uivesity i St Louis Spig 8 Depatmet of Ecoomics Pof James Moley Ecoomics 4 Homewok # 3 Suggested Solutio Note: This is a suggested solutio i the sese that it outlies oe of the may possible aswes
More informationRECIPROCAL POWER SUMS. Anthony Sofo Victoria University, Melbourne City, Australia.
#A39 INTEGERS () RECIPROCAL POWER SUMS Athoy Sofo Victoia Uivesity, Melboue City, Austalia. athoy.sofo@vu.edu.au Received: /8/, Acceted: 6//, Published: 6/5/ Abstact I this ae we give a alteative oof ad
More informationA NOTE ON DOMINATION PARAMETERS IN RANDOM GRAPHS
Discussioes Mathematicae Gaph Theoy 28 (2008 335 343 A NOTE ON DOMINATION PARAMETERS IN RANDOM GRAPHS Athoy Boato Depatmet of Mathematics Wilfid Lauie Uivesity Wateloo, ON, Caada, N2L 3C5 e-mail: aboato@oges.com
More informationBernoulli, poly-bernoulli, and Cauchy polynomials in terms of Stirling and r-stirling numbers
Novembe 4, 2016 Beoulli, oly-beoulli, ad Cauchy olyomials i tems of Stilig ad -Stilig umbes Khisto N. Boyadzhiev Deatmet of Mathematics ad Statistics, Ohio Nothe Uivesity, Ada, OH 45810, USA -boyadzhiev@ou.edu
More informationMATH 304: MIDTERM EXAM SOLUTIONS
MATH 304: MIDTERM EXAM SOLUTIONS [The problems are each worth five poits, except for problem 8, which is worth 8 poits. Thus there are 43 possible poits.] 1. Use the Euclidea algorithm to fid the greatest
More informationMath 113, Calculus II Winter 2007 Final Exam Solutions
Math, Calculus II Witer 7 Fial Exam Solutios (5 poits) Use the limit defiitio of the defiite itegral ad the sum formulas to compute x x + dx The check your aswer usig the Evaluatio Theorem Solutio: I this
More informationRecursion. Algorithm : Design & Analysis [3]
Recusio Algoithm : Desig & Aalysis [] I the last class Asymptotic gowth ate he Sets Ο, Ω ad Θ Complexity Class A Example: Maximum Susequece Sum Impovemet of Algoithm Compaiso of Asymptotic Behavio Aothe
More informationSequences, Mathematical Induction, and Recursion. CSE 2353 Discrete Computational Structures Spring 2018
CSE 353 Discrete Computatioal Structures Sprig 08 Sequeces, Mathematical Iductio, ad Recursio (Chapter 5, Epp) Note: some course slides adopted from publisher-provided material Overview May mathematical
More information(n 1)n(n + 1)(n + 2) + 1 = (n 1)(n + 2)n(n + 1) + 1 = ( (n 2 + n 1) 1 )( (n 2 + n 1) + 1 ) + 1 = (n 2 + n 1) 2.
Paabola Volume 5, Issue (017) Solutions 151 1540 Q151 Take any fou consecutive whole numbes, multiply them togethe and add 1. Make a conjectue and pove it! The esulting numbe can, fo instance, be expessed
More informationChapter 8 Complex Numbers
Chapte 8 Complex Numbes Motivatio: The ae used i a umbe of diffeet scietific aeas icludig: sigal aalsis, quatum mechaics, elativit, fluid damics, civil egieeig, ad chaos theo (factals. 8.1 Cocepts - Defiitio
More informationCSE 1400 Applied Discrete Mathematics Number Theory and Proofs
CSE 1400 Applied Discrete Mathematics Number Theory ad Proofs Departmet of Computer Scieces College of Egieerig Florida Tech Sprig 01 Problems for Number Theory Backgroud Number theory is the brach of
More informationChapter Eight Notes N P U1C8S4-6
Chapte Eight Notes N P UC8S-6 Name Peiod Section 8.: Tigonometic Identities An identit is, b definition, an equation that is alwas tue thoughout its domain. B tue thoughout its domain, that is to sa that
More informationThe Multivariate-t distribution and the Simes Inequality. Abstract. Sarkar (1998) showed that certain positively dependent (MTP 2 ) random variables
The Multivaiate-t distibutio ad the Simes Iequality by Hey W. Block 1, Saat K. Saka 2, Thomas H. Savits 1 ad Jie Wag 3 Uivesity of ittsbugh 1,Temple Uivesity 2,Gad Valley State Uivesity 3 Abstact. Saka
More informationChapter 3: Theory of Modular Arithmetic 38
Chapte 3: Theoy of Modula Aithmetic 38 Section D Chinese Remainde Theoem By the end of this section you will be able to pove the Chinese Remainde Theoem apply this theoem to solve simultaneous linea conguences
More informationSums of Involving the Harmonic Numbers and the Binomial Coefficients
Ameica Joual of Computatioal Mathematics 5 5 96-5 Published Olie Jue 5 i SciRes. http://www.scip.og/oual/acm http://dx.doi.og/.46/acm.5.58 Sums of Ivolvig the amoic Numbes ad the Biomial Coefficiets Wuyugaowa
More informationProperties and Tests of Zeros of Polynomial Functions
Properties ad Tests of Zeros of Polyomial Fuctios The Remaider ad Factor Theorems: Sythetic divisio ca be used to fid the values of polyomials i a sometimes easier way tha substitutio. This is show by
More informationAt the end of this topic, students should be able to understand the meaning of finite and infinite sequences and series, and use the notation u
Natioal Jio College Mathematics Depatmet 00 Natioal Jio College 00 H Mathematics (Seio High ) Seqeces ad Seies (Lecte Notes) Topic : Seqeces ad Seies Objectives: At the ed of this topic, stdets shold be
More information