The Nonlinear Time-Domain Modeling of Earthquake Soil Structure Interaction for Nuclear Power Plants: Nonlinear Contact Between Foundation and Rock
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1 The Nonlinear Time-Domain Modeling of Earthquake Soil Structure Interaction for Nuclear Power Plants: Nonlinear Contact Between Foundation and Rock B. Jeremić, A. Kammerer, N. Tafazzoli, B. Kamrani, University of California, Davis, CA Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington DC SMiRT 21, New Delhi, India, November 2011
2 Outline Introduction Foundation Soil/Rock Interface The Problem The Modeling Nonlinear Interface Results/Issues Vertically Propagating Earthquake 3D Synthetic Ricker Wavelet Summary
3 Outline Introduction Foundation Soil/Rock Interface The Problem The Modeling Nonlinear Interface Results/Issues Vertically Propagating Earthquake 3D Synthetic Ricker Wavelet Summary
4 Introduction High fidelity modeling and simulation of earthquake soil/rock structure interaction behavior of NPPs Reduction of modeling uncertainty Focus in this study are nonlinear material effects at the foundation soil/rock interface Thanks to Dr. Godoy and Dr. Kennedy for pointing out to this issue/problem One of the case studies for the NRC ESSI Simulator System
5 Outline Introduction Foundation Soil/Rock Interface The Problem The Modeling Nonlinear Interface Results/Issues Vertically Propagating Earthquake 3D Synthetic Ricker Wavelet Summary
6 The Problem Foundation Soil/Rock Interface The case of nonlinear, elastic-plastic zone between a concrete slab and a foundation soil/rock. Layers of plastic waterproof sheets in the zone Reduction of capacity for horizontal shear a the foundation-rock contact Possible gaping, opening and closing (hard or soft)
7 The Problem Beneficial and/or Detrimental? Benefits of nonlinear contact between the foundation slab and the soil/rock Dissipation (significant) of seismic energy (shear) Change of seismic motions characteristics (frequency reduction) "Passive" base isolation Detriments of nonlinear contact between the foundation slab and the soil/rock Gap opening with hard gap closing (high frequency load) Change of seismic motions
8 The Modeling Contact Element Node to node contact element General, 3D element Gap opening/closing in normal direction Frictional contact in shear direction Viscous and/or non-viscous gap opening/closing
9 The Modeling Verification and Validation Verification provides evidence that the model is solved correctly. Code verification Finite elements Constitutive simulations Static and dynamic solution advancement algorithms Solvers Wave propagation Model/mesh verification Validation provides evidence that the correct model is solved. Validate components, unit tests Validate the system (limited data, recent earthquakes)
10 The Modeling ESSI Model, with/without Interface
11 The Modeling Model Verification Verification: finite element mesh, wave propagation Synthetic motions: Ricker, Ormsby wavelets Verify propagation of Body (P, SV and SH) and Surface (Rayleigh, Love) waves z=5000m z=4800m z=4600m z=4400m 0.2km z=4200m z=4000m 2km y 2 x2 z=3800m z=3600m z=3400m 5km z=3200m z=3000m y 1 x1 2km 10km 0.2 m/s2 Time (s)
12 Outline Introduction Foundation Soil/Rock Interface The Problem The Modeling Nonlinear Interface Results/Issues Vertically Propagating Earthquake 3D Synthetic Ricker Wavelet Summary
13 Influence of Inelastic Foundation-Soil/Rock Contact on the NPP Response Soil/rock foundation interface slip behavior Changes in Earthquake Soil/Rock Structure Interaction (reduction/increase in demand) Dissipation of seismic energy in the slip plane Passive (and active) base isolation Two examples, 1D seismic wave and 3D synthetic Ricker wavelet
14 Vertically Propagating Earthquake Incident Earthquake SV Wave Acceleration (m/s 2 ) Time (s)
15 Vertically Propagating Earthquake Base and Top of the Containment FFT Function Amplitude FFT Function Amplitude Frequency (Hz) Frequency (Hz) slip noslip
16 3D Synthetic Ricker Wavelet Incident Ricker Wavelet at 45 o
17 3D Synthetic Ricker Wavelet ESSI with Slip, Base, Accelerations FFT 0.08 Slip Behavior No-Slip Behavior 0.6 Slip Behavior No-Slip Behavior FFT Function Amplitude Displacement (m) Frequency (Hz) horizontal Acc. FFT Frequency (Hz) vertical acc. FFT
18 3D Synthetic Ricker Wavelet ESSI with Slip, Top, Accelerations FFT 0.11 Slip Behavior No-Slip Behavior 0.1 Slip Behavior No-Slip Behavior FFT Function Amplitude Displacement (m) Frequency (Hz) horizontal acc. FFT Frequency (Hz) vertical acc. FFT
19 Outline Introduction Foundation Soil/Rock Interface The Problem The Modeling Nonlinear Interface Results/Issues Vertically Propagating Earthquake 3D Synthetic Ricker Wavelet Summary
20 Summary Nonlinear behavior of the foundation soil/rock interface zone can have beneficial and detrimental effects on the seismic response of NPPs Beneficial or Detrimental, such nonlinear interface does exists and has to be properly modeled High fidelity numerical prediction relies heavily on proper verification and validation Information Portal: Funding by and Collaboration with the U.S.-NRC is gratefully acknowledged
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