Using MadGraph/MadEvent/PYTHIA/PGS
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1 Using MadGraph/MadEvent/PYTHIA/PGS Ian-Woo Kim Seoul National University SNU, Mar 20, 2007 Ian-Woo Kim (SNU) MadGraph/MadEvent/PYTHIA/PGS SNU 03/ / 18
2 Introduction MadGraph/MadEvent is a Feynman diagram generator, S-matrix calculator and Monte Carlo event generator. MadGraph : Feynman diagram generator, S-matrix calculator MadEvent : Event generator for hard process ( quark(parton) level ) To simulate a full LHC situation, we must have a hadron-level event generator and detector simulator. PYTHIA : Hadronization event generator ( it has more functionalities) PGS : Pretty Good (Detector) simulator A new model can be easily implemented in MadGraph : MSSM, 2HDM, etc unified framework for various models. parameter input must be set by another program. For SUSY, for example, SoftSUSY, SUSY-HIT ( SDECAY,HDECAY) Ian-Woo Kim (SNU) MadGraph/MadEvent/PYTHIA/PGS SNU 03/ / 18
3 Ian-Woo Kim (SNU) MadGraph/MadEvent/PYTHIA/PGS SNU 03/ / 18
4 My system Intel core 2-duo (Merom) T GHz Memory 2G Scientific Linux v4.4 SUSY spectrum calculator : SoftSUSY SUSY Decay rate calculator : SUSY-HIT MadGraph/MadEvent/PYTHIA/PGS Analysis tool : ROOT lhco-to-root file converter: ExRootAnalysis ( provide HEP definition for ROOT) Ian-Woo Kim (SNU) MadGraph/MadEvent/PYTHIA/PGS SNU 03/ / 18
5 Web interface of MadGraph/MadEvent It has a web interface at Need an id/password. It has a summary webpage for each process. To run MadEvent+..., we must have more previlaged id/password. impossible to use it. Ian-Woo Kim (SNU) MadGraph/MadEvent/PYTHIA/PGS SNU 03/ / 18
6 Installation Install Scientific Linux v4.4 : I have the CDs. If you want, contact to me. Install ROOT : download v5.14, compile or directly install binaries. Make sure you set environment variables correctly in.bashrc or.profile Install MadGraph/MadEvent/PYTHIA/PGS From MadGraph webpage, download MadGraph V4, Pythia and PGS package. Note that all the packages must be installed in the directory MG_ME_v Install ExRootAnalysis : download from MadGraph webpage. ExRootLHCO... will convert.lhco file to.root file. (.lhco = LHC Olympics format ) Install SUSY-HIT, SoftSUSY : They can be installed seperately. Their output is SLHA format which will be used for the param_card.dat file for MadGraph. Ian-Woo Kim (SNU) MadGraph/MadEvent/PYTHIA/PGS SNU 03/ / 18
7 Running MadGraph/MadEvent/PYTHIA/PGS You can set your own model in MadGraph. Here I will only focus on SM and MSSM. copy Template with your own directory name( e.g. MyTestDir ) Prepare for proc_card.dat and param_card.dat. For SM, param_card.dat needs not be changed from Template. for MSSM param_card.dat is just SLHA format. Note that SoftSUSY generate only spectrum part of SLHA. We need decay rate input. (Using SUSY-HIT) newprocess : generate Feynman diagrams. build up numerical analysis codes for each process. You can see such processes in index.html generate_events : generate parton-level events. Output files are in the directory Events in.lhe.gz format. If PYTHIA/PGS are installed, then it automatically run them. cards MadGraph library MadEvent.lhe.gz PYTHIA/PGS.lhco Ian-Woo Kim (SNU) MadGraph/MadEvent/PYTHIA/PGS SNU 03/ / 18
8 LHC Olympics format At collider, we can only identify the following elements for a given event. - A high energy jet (b-tagging is possible) - an electron e ± - a muon µ ± - a photon - Missing transverse momentum LHC olympics format contains such identification. # typ eta phi pt jmass ntrk btag had/em dummy dummy # is increasing simply in a given event. Next event starts with 0. Type : 0 = photon 1 = electron 2 = muon 3 = hadronically-decaying tau 4 = jet 6 = missing transverse energy Ian-Woo Kim (SNU) MadGraph/MadEvent/PYTHIA/PGS SNU 03/ / 18
9 LHC Olympics format eta = pseudorapidity, phi = azimuthal angle, pt = transverse momentum jmass = invariant mass ntrk = number of track btag = b-tagging had/em = ratio of hadronic vs EM energy in the calorimeter Ian-Woo Kim (SNU) MadGraph/MadEvent/PYTHIA/PGS SNU 03/ / 18
10 # typ eta phi pt jmas ntrk btag had/em dum Ian-Woo Kim (SNU) MadGraph/MadEvent/PYTHIA/PGS SNU 03/ / 18
11 ExRootAnalysis ExRootAnalysis for interpreting.lhco format. run ExRootLHCOlympicsConverter, then obtain.root format file..root is a snapshot of ROOT object instances. an object LHCO which is an instance of TTree class. To browse LHCO in ROOT, gsystem->load("lib/libexrootanalysis.so"); TFile::Open("pgs_events.root"); LHCO->StartViewer(); Ian-Woo Kim (SNU) MadGraph/MadEvent/PYTHIA/PGS SNU 03/ / 18
12 ExRootAnalysis LHCO contains several branches: Event, Photon, Electron, Muon, Tau, Jet, MisssingET They are TRootEvent, TRootPhoton, TRootElectron, TRootMuon, TRootTau, TRootJet, TRootMissingET class objects, respectively. Each object has data defined in ExRootAnalysis/doc/RotTreeDescription.html Using TTreeViewer, one can easily draw a histogram by drag and dropping. Use Draw with fields, cut and option, you can simply make a histogram as you want. For detail of histogram option, refer to ROOT User s guide. Ian-Woo Kim (SNU) MadGraph/MadEvent/PYTHIA/PGS SNU 03/ / 18
13 Input files for MadGraph Now, we know how to deal with output fils, let s understand the input files for MadGraph. Every input file in Cards. proc_card.dat specify the model and process we analyze. To change models, just change the line in # Begin MODEL # This is TAG. Do not modify this line sm # End MODEL # This is TAG. Do not modify this line change sm to mssm, then we can analyze MSSM. Ian-Woo Kim (SNU) MadGraph/MadEvent/PYTHIA/PGS SNU 03/ / 18
14 To specify processes, modify this # Begin PROCESS # This is TAG. Do not modify this line # First Process QCD=99 # Max QCD couplings QED=2 # Max QED couplings end_coup # End the couplings input QCD=99 QED=2 end_coup # Second Process # Max QCD couplings # Max QED couplings # End the couplings input # Third Process QCD=99 # Max QCD couplings end_coup # End the couplings input done # this tells MG there are no more procs # End PROCESS # This is TAG. Do not modify this line Ian-Woo Kim (SNU) MadGraph/MadEvent/PYTHIA/PGS SNU 03/ / 18
15 For model description, we can refer to MG_ME_V4.1.19/Models/(model name) particles.dat contains the particle information. For SM, particle names are d, d d-quark u, u u-quark s, s s-quark c, c c-quark b, b b-quark t, t t-quark e-, e+ electron ve, ve e-neutrino mu-,mu+ muon vm, vm µ-neutrino ta-,ta+ tau vt, vt τ-neutrino g gluon z Z-boson a photon W-,W+ W-boson h higgs interaction.dat contains the interactions. Ian-Woo Kim (SNU) MadGraph/MadEvent/PYTHIA/PGS SNU 03/ / 18
16 param_card.dat : LesHouches Accord format. This must contain mass spectrum and decay rates. For MSSM, use SUSY-HIT ( SUspect-SdecaY-Hdecay-InTerface ) SUSY-HIT has inputs from susyhit.in and suspect2.in It generates SLHA format file susyhit_slha.out It can directly be renamed to param_card.dat MadGraph has another input cards for Pythia and PGS. Not examined thoroughly yet. Ian-Woo Kim (SNU) MadGraph/MadEvent/PYTHIA/PGS SNU 03/ / 18
17 After newprocess, MadGraph generates the info webpage. index.html For collective particle like protons and jets, in and out particle is one of the components, so a process is divided into several subprocesses. MadGraph generates a MadEvent code madevent.tar.gz After running generate_events, at the homepage, we can access data : Parton-level( LHE format ), Hadron-level(Pythia, STDHEP format), Recognized Objects( LHCO format ). Ian-Woo Kim (SNU) MadGraph/MadEvent/PYTHIA/PGS SNU 03/ / 18
18 ENJOY YOUR MONTE CARLO SIMULATION! Ian-Woo Kim (SNU) MadGraph/MadEvent/PYTHIA/PGS SNU 03/ / 18
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