Overview of LC Physics and Detector Requirements

Transcription

1 Overview of LC Physics and Detector Requirements Satoru Yamashita (ICEPP, Univ. of Tokyo) Nov. 9, 2004, ACFA

2 Many materials from ACFA LC report (2001) TESLA TDR (2001) LC physics resource book for Snowmass (2001) GLC Project (2003) Linear collider report from WWS (2003) LHC-LC note (G.Weiglein et al. 2004) Response to ITRP questions (2004) Many from LHC, LC related workshops Many thanks to all S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 1

3 A part of Examples of Physics research covered by ILC 1 st stage: Ecm = GeV, Luminosity = ~ / fb / year x several years. 2 nd stage: Ecm = 1 TeV S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 2

4 Goals of ILC 1. Unexpected new signals 2. Electroweak symmetry breaking and massgeneration 3. Direct signals for new physics (SUSY, extradimensions, Z ) and determine The Physics 4. GUT and Planck scale physics S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 3

5 Murayama LP03 S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 4

6 Powerful Tools at ILC Electron/positron collision (elementary process) High Energy and High Luminosity Energy scan (controllable) Controllable beam polarization Very sensitive detectors & Trigger free Precise theoretical calculation (<1%) Precise physics information & long energy reach LHC gives us a new global (mixed) picture. ILC gives us new dynamic multi-dimensional total views. S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 5

7 LHC Signal and background Cross-section σ(fb) ILC Number of events / 500 fb -1 S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 6

8 Detector Requirements The best summarized in World-wide Linear Collider Detector R&D J.Brau, C.Damerell, G.Fisk, Y.Fujii, R.Heuer, H.Park, K.Riles, R.Settles, H.Yamamoto Complete document is available from (.pdf) S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 7

9 Performance Goal of ILC Detectors VXT Impact Parameter resolution: < 5µm + 10µm / p(gev) sin -3/2 θ Tracker Momentum resolution: dp/p < 5 x 10-5 x p(gev) (central region) 3 x 10-4 x p(gev) for forward region Angular resolution: dθ < 2 x 10-5 rad (for cosθ <0.99) Jet energy resolution: de/e < 0.3 / E(GeV) Excellent Hermeticity: down to θ < mrad (active mask) S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 8

10 Challenge In order to accomplish our physics goal at ILC With respect to detectors at LHC: Inner VTX layer 3--6 times closer to IP VTX pixel size 1 / 30 VTX materials 1 / 30 Materials in Tracker 1 / 6 Track mom. resolution 1 / 10 EM cal granularity 1 / 200!! S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 9

11 Most of physics needs information from all sub-detectors In most cases, physics sensitivity is determined by how well the sub-detectors are combined and optimized as a single detector, rather than how well each sub-detector works. How to combine and optimize the total performance of detector Detector concept is essential Next 3 talks S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 10

12 To accomplish the detector optimization and comparison in the most effective way: Need Common (for ALL concepts ) Physics Benchmarks Physics models Particle properties (mass..) and decay Br Energy and luminosity points Choose different type of event topologies Common sets of Event generators Common Simulation platform(s) -- simulators/data format Common archive for Analyses Tools Common data archive Very good starting points: Snowmas points, Le Houche accord, etc.. It s time for Taipei points / scheme for ILC S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 11

13 Back to ILC physics Introduction Higgs, SUSY, etc.. S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 12

14 Sensitivity, Physics reach and precision Single production Higgs Extra-Dimension Pair production SUSY Heavy Higgs Intermediate state Extra-Dimension Strong EWSB Z, contact Int. LHC ~a few TeV ds/s > 10 % ~2-3 TeV (colored) ~several TeV resonance ILC ~ 1 TeV δσ/σ ~ 1% δ(dσ/dω) ~ 1% ~0.5 TeV (any type) δσ/σ ~ 1 % Energy scan, Beam pol >10 TeV δσ/σ ~ 1 % Energy scan, Beam pol Coupling, spin Loop effect A few % level effect S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 13

15 Examples: Reach and beyond Large Extra Dimension Reach Not only the reach! Energy Scale 15 TeV 10 TeV M D ILC w/ transverse polarization ILC LHC Λ K.Odagiri 5 TeV Numbers are taken From J.Hewett et al δn=2 δn=4 δn=6 Graviton emission Graviton exchange (virtual production) # of extra-dimensional space The size and number of the extra-space to be determined at ILC. S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 14

16 Everyone knows power of Precision LEP/SLC/Tevatron SU(3) c X SU(2) L X U(1) Gauge interaction 3 generations Higgs is light ( GeV for SM Higgs) SUSY GUT indication S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 15

17 Precision gives us a lot! S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 16

18 Very High precision at ILC δm W (MeV) δm top (GeV) δsin 2 θ eff 10 5 now TeV Run LHC ILC(+GigaZ) ILC ACFA WG

19 Higgs is First Step = Higgs Spin 0 (elementary?) particle very sensitive to Physics between O(100GeV) to GUT/Planck scale Structure and coupling of Higgs sector are keys to Origin of mass and spectrum of particle masses Vacuum structure of Universe Physics between O(100GeV) to GUT scale SUSY structure and spectrum Electroweak Baryogenesis S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 18

20 Higgs Mechanism If one Higgs generate all masses Coupling-mass relation The Higgs vacuum-expectation-value ILC t m i = v κ i b Particle mass Higgs coupling constant c τ SM Higgs boson branching ratios Top Yukawa coupling Different pattern If SUSY, Multi-Higgs etc.. Higgs Self-coupling Mass-generation mechanism S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 19

21 Higgs Sector is unknown Electroweak fit at LEP/SLC/Tevatron tells At least one should exist below 300 GeV which couples to Z and W Almost NOTHING is known NOTHING is known for Yukawa-coupling NOTHING is known for self-coupling Single Higgs? Two Higgs field doublets? Additional singlet? Triplet? Fundamental Higgs SM Two Higgs field doublet Model (2HDM) type-i type-ii MSSM SUSY? Extra-dimension? Composite? Type-I? Type-II? 2HDM+singlet more general NMSSM XMSSM Why top is so heavy? Special for 3rd generation? CP-violation in Higgs sector? More exotics? ation? Exotic Composite Higgs fermiophobic invisible Technicolor = new interaction S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 20

22 LHC Higgs signal H γγ ILC Higgs signal Bkg. tth WbWbbb lνjjbbbb ATLAS 30fb -1 Bkg. ILC e+e- HZ production Typical numbers Tagging efficiency ~ % S/N > 1 S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 21

23 3 main production modes >10 5 Higgs for 500fb -1 ILC ILC LHC S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 22

24 Higgs coupling measurements at LHC Ratio can be obtained using events with similar topology Michael Duhrssen et al. `04 (hep-ph/ ) Model Assumed Using moderate model assumption For Mh GeV δλ τ / Λ τ 15 % δλ b / Λ b > 20 % Mainly from tth process δλ top / Λ top % Γ tot is unknown.. Absolute strength is difficult to measure S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 23

25 ILC Examples of Higgs Model Independent Analyses Mass & Cross-section measurement =Gauge coupling measurement Γ W =f(m h )xσ Energy scan δg/g~1% δm h ~40MeV Branching ration measurements Invisible width Use Recoil mass(no bias) Spin, Parity Beam polarization Total width measurement Absolute strength of Yukawa-Coupling determination ZZh, WWh production (selectable) CP, SU(2) L xu(1) Γ tot =Γ W /Br(H-->WW) Λ f 2 =C(M h ) x Br(H-->ff) x Γ tot δγ tot /Γ tot ~ 5 % δλ b /Λ b ~3%, δλ τ /Λ τ ~4%, δλ c /Λ c ~8%, δλ U /Λ U ~4% S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 24

26 Higgs potential = Origin of EW symmetry breaking For SM Higgs ACFA The first access to the Higgs potential through double Higgs-boson production. δλ/λ ~ % ACFA Higgs working group Grace S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 25

27 Coupling Precision LHC 300 fb -1 x 2 Deviation from SM value +30% +20% +10% 0%(SM) -10% -20% Γ h τ b t W Z Model assumption -30% S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 26

28 Coupling Precision ILC Deviation from SM value Γ h +30% c τ b t W Z H +20% +10% 0%(SM) -10% -20% Model Independent Analyses -30% S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 27

29 SUSY or 2HDM ILC Deviation from SM value Γ h +30% c τ b t W Z H +20% cosα/sinβ +10% 0%(SM) -10% sin(α β) -20% sinα/cosβ Model Independent Analyses -30% S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 28

30 Extra-dimension (radion-higgs mixing) ILC Deviation from SM value +20% +10% 0%(SM) -10% -20% Γ h +30% c τ b t W Z H?? -30% Model Independent Analyses S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 29

31 Electroweak Baryogenesis (S.Kanemura, Y.Okada, E.Senaha 04) ILC Deviation from SM value Γ h +30% c τ b t W Z H +20% +10% 0%(SM) -10% -20% Model Independent Analyses -30% S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 30

32 More than one Higgs boson? h, H, A, H ± in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model. Accurate coupling measurements tell us M A Top mass is also essential Direct and indirect searches for heavy Higgs bosons at ILC. S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 31

33 Heavy Higgs (A 0, H 0, H +- ) Discovery Reach tanβ LHC Mhmax scinario tanβ SUSY Grace ILC 10 Only h 0 discovery Excluded by LEP ACFA Higgs working group M A (GeV) Discovery reach depends on tanβ and model Good at large tanβ case Full discovery in many channels independent of tanβ Reach up to ~ beam energy If measured mass at ILC/LHC predicted mass by ILC Beyond MSSM, beyond 2HDM! S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 32

34 Photon-photon collider option at ILC Laser e - beam γ γ a few mm Discovery Mode for Heavier Higgs Discovery reach up to ~800 GeV CP mixing in Higgs sector Gamma decay width of light Higgs γ γ H/A S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 33

35 Super Symmetry S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 34

36 SUSY List LHC ILC S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 35

37 LHC would discover SUSY phenomena quickly by ~2009, however 1. Complicated cascade chain 2. Large SM and other SUSY backgrounds 3. Model dependence of new physics analyses ATLAS 100 fb -1 m (ll) end-point precision ~0.3% m (llj) max threshold precision ~2 % ATLAS 100 fb -1 multiple hypotheses, distinguished by different spin and energy flows, difficult to distinguish at LHC (M.Peskin, Victoria, 2004) conventional SUSY sneutrino LSP (Murayama et al) bosonic supersymmetry (Cheng, Matchev, Schmaltz) S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 36

38 SUSY at ILC Huge research area at ILC measure sparticle properties (masses, cross sections, J PC, coupling strength, chirality, mixing) use these + LHC to determine underlying SUSY model and SUSY breaking mechanism extrapolate to GUT scale using RGEs to detemine SUSY GUT mechanism Full investigation at ILC S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 37

39 1st step of SUSY at ILC eg.) Smuon production and decay Discovery of SUSY principle ~χ 0 Selectron production ACFA WG Spin, CP, coupling strength, etc.. precisely measure S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 38

40 Using the M(χ 0 1) from ILC 300 fb ΔM values in GeV (ILC input) Scalar lepton mass (GeV) ILC+LHC ILC LHC Lightest neutralino mass (GeV) Significant improvements even if only m(χ 0 ) is measured at ILC Strong correlation at LHC An input from ILC resolve this correlation S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 39

41 Example 1) Pin down physics models Discrimination between different SUSY-breaking scenarios Type-I string inspired models EU: early unification at GeV GUT: string scale at GUT scale ~10 16 GeV Mirage: Intermediate string scale at GeV + Mirage unification Allanach, Grellscheid, Quevedo SPS1a ILC+LHC LHC alone S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 40

42 2nd step of SUSY at ILC Discovery of a new principle GUT Discovery of M1-M2 gaugino Grand Unification ACFA WG mass coupling chirality Mixing From selectron and chargino productions S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 41

43 Evolution of scalar fermion mass parameters LHC LHC LC G.A.Blair, W.Porod,and P.M.Zerwas S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 42

44 Determining SUSY breaking mechanism LHC+ILC Combined analysis SUSY breaking scenario SUSY particle masses Super Gravity (msugra) Energy scale Gauge Mediation G.A.Blair, W.Porod,and P.M.Zerwas S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 43

45 Cosmology: Dark Matter = LSP? WMAP.094 < Ω h2 <.128 (2 sigma) WMAP LHC Planck ILC 7 % ~15 % ~2 % ~3 % S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 44

46 Flavor Violation in SUSY sector e.g) SUSY-Seesaw model ILC Ecm=800 GeV T.Hurth, W.Porod et at. msugra points C B G I S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 45

47 Extra Dimensions Inspired by superstring theory, a scenario with large extradimension is proposed. graviton quark, lepton, gauge boson Studio R Quarks, leptons, and gauge bosons live in a 3-dimensional wall. Gravity can propagate in 3+n dimensional space. S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 46

48 Search for extra-space at ILC K.Odagiri Graviton emission to extra-space f G Graviton exchange f # of extra-dimensional space The size and number of the extraspace may be determined at LC. S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 47

49 Number of dimension determination By two energies at ILC 1 TeV 500 GeV G.Wilson et al. S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 48

50 Murayama LP03 S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 49

51 Final Goal of Physics at ILC together with LHC Unexpected New World! Elucidate Mystery of VACUUM Higgs Vacuum structure Origin of Mass Dark Energy GUT Quantum Gravity Super String Origin of UNIVERSE Ultimate Theory New Principles SUSY Dark Matter Super Gravity CP-Violation in top/higgs/susy Space-time Structure 5th-Dimension, Extra-Dimension Brane world S. Yamashita, 7th ACFA WS 50